• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.247-255
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• 2009

This study examined the quality characteristics of brown sauce prepared with rice powder in place of wheat flour, which is the commonly used thickener. With regard to the general components, as the level of rice powder increased and its ratio in the stock increased, moisture decreased and crude protein, lipid, and ash increased. Reducing sugar content was 4.72% in the control group, and as the mixing ratio of stock to rice powder increased from 100:5 (S1) to 100:13 (S5) in the rice powder-added groups, reducing sugar content increased from 3.94% to 4.82%, respectively. In terms of Hunter's color values, as more rice power was added to the beurre mani$\acute{e}$, L, a, and b values increased. Thus, a sauce of a light brown color was appropriately made. For consistency, as more rice powder beurre mani? was inserted into the analyzer, flow was reduced and viscosity significantly increased. The pH of the control (CS) was 4.94, and there were no significant differences between the control and the rice powder-added groups. In sensory evaluations, color presented its highest score as 6.47 when the mixing ratio of stock to beurre mani$\acute{e}$ was 100:7 (S2). S2 also received the highest score for flavor at 6.32. Viscosity was highest in the control (CS) at 6.26, and was not significantly different from the 100:7 (S2) or 100:9 (S3) groups. Finally, the S2 group had the highest scores for taste (6.21) and overall-acceptability (6.30). In correlation analyses between the sensory characteristics, overall-acceptability as well as the color, flavor, viscosity, and taste of the brown sauce all presented comparatively high positive correlations, in which overall-acceptability and color had the highest correlation.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.506-513
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• 2012

This principal objective of this study was to evaluate the sensory properties and flavor compounds of Kimchi prepared with different levels (0.0%, 0.4%, 0.8%, and 1.2%) of Backryeoncho extracts (BE). At high levels of BE, Kimchi showed increased level of crispness and flavor, and also jeotgal odor decreased in the sensory evaluation. Addition of 0.8 % BE resulted in the highest scores for color, taste, and overall acceptance of Kimchi. Therefore, addition of 0.8 % BE appears to be an acceptable approach to enhance the quality of Kimchi without reducing acceptability. As a result of flavor compound analysis, a total of 24 volatile flavor compound, including 11 S-containing compounds, 6 terpenes, 1 acid, 1 ester, 1 alcohol, 2 miscellaneous compounds, 2 thiocyanates, etc., were detected by GC/MS. The major volatile compounds were s-containing compounds and terpene hydrocarbon, and especially terpene of sabinene was newly detected in Kimchi with added BE. Levels of 2-vinyl-[4H]-1,3-dithin derived from garlic flavor as a sulfide-containing compound along with diallyl trisulfide derived from green onion flavor were reduced in Kimchi with added 0.8% BE. Most sulfide-containing compounds were reduced in Kimchi with added BE, whereas most terpenes detected in control Kimchi were not detected.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.642-648
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 대조구 및 머루첨가량을 100, 200, 300, 400 g으로 달리하여 제조한 약주를 대상으로 향기 성분을 분석하고, 관능검사를 실시하여 기호도가 높은 머루약주를 제조하기 위한 최적의 머루 첨가량을 알아보았다. 대조구 및 4종 머루첨가구의 향기 성분으로 alcohol류 5종, ester류 9종, acid류 7종, hydrocarbon류 4종, ketone류 2종 및 기타 화합물 7종의 총 35종의 향기 성분이 동정되었다. 향기 성분은 대조구가 28종으로 가장 많았고, 동정된 향기 성분 화합물의 수와 향기 성분 총함량은 머루첨가량이 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. 한편, 과일향의 ester 화합물이 가장 많이 동정된 200 g 첨가구는 관능검사 결과에서도 향기뿐 아니라, 색, 맛, 종합적 기호도가 가장 높았다. 이상의 결과로부터 약주 향기는 향기 성분의 총함량보다 미량 존재하는 ester 화합물에 의하며, 머루약주 제조를 위한 최적의 머루첨가량은 대조구 1,715 g에 머루 200 g인 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.351-364
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• 2011

Hot and spicy flavor grading in hot pepper powder for gochujang in various cultivars was studied using sensory and physicochemical characteristics. Chungyang, which had the highest capsaicin content had very low redness a value of 17.49 representing stronger red color does not relate to the stronger hot and spicy flavor. Sensory results showed that chungyang had significantly the highest value of hot and spicy aroma and flavor of 5.73 and 7.87, respectively(p<0.05). Although wurigun had the second highest capsaicin contents, it had relatively low hot and spicy aroma value as 3.87, some sweet flavor, and relatively low stingingness in the mouth value of 4.67, thus, comparatively weak hot and spicy flavor of 4.87 suggesting the difficulties in grading the hot and spicy flavor only by the capsaicin contents. Capsaicin content was highly positively correlated with the hot and spicy flavor, aftertaste and stinging flavor, and negatively correlated with the sweet flavor. In the principal component analysis, samples of chunyang, balita, and gumbit groups with greater hot and spicy aroma and flavor, were loaded in the first principal component. Classifying hot and spicy flavor of hot pepper powder for gochujang in various cultivars are suggested as 'very weak', 'weak', 'intermediate', 'strong', and 'very strong' with capsaicin contents under 40.00 mg/dL, 40~100 mg/dL, 100~150 mg/dL, 150~500 mg/dL, and those higher than 500 mg/dL, respectively. Since too many sample groups were located in the specific stages in the five stage grading, the nine staged classification is also suggested.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal mixing condition of tomato powder and sugar for producing chiffon cake. The experiment was designed according to the central composite design of response surface, which yielded ten experimental points, including two replicates. Physiochemical and sensory properties were measured, and theses values applied to mechanical models. A canonical form and perturbation plot showed the influence of each ingredient on the final product mixture. The results of the physiochemical analysis of each sample showed significant differences in sweetness (P<0.01), color L (P<0.001), color a (P<0.001), color b (P<0.05), hardness (P<0.05), and cohesiveness (P<0.01). The sensory measurements were significantly different in color (P<0.05), appearance (P<0.05), flavor (P<0.05), sweetness (P<0.01), moistness (P<0.05), and overall acceptability (P<0.05). The optimal formulation, calculated using the numerical and graphical method, was determined to be 59.27 g tomato powder and 285.66 g sugar. The sensory evaluation showed significantly higher preferences in the color, flavor, appearance, texture, sweetness, tenderness, moistness and overall quality of the optimized chiffon cake compared to the controlled chiffon cake. The optimized chiffon cake also showed a high antioxidative activity compared to the controlled chiffon cake. Our results show that chiffon cake prepared with tomato powder enhances sensory characteristics and antioxidative activity.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.175-180
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• 1993

This study was attempted to examine the sensory quality, color and moisture content of Ssooksulgis added with Mugworts. In sensory quality, Ssooksulgis made by 100% rice flour added with 20% Mugworts showed the most favorite characteristics. In view of color, flavor, afterswallowing and overall quality, 10% Ssooksulgis was more preferable than those of other Ssooksulgis added 50% glutionus rice flour. Moisture contents was not different from other reports. L-value on the control group was high showing 86.78 and 85.81, respectively.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.354-362
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• 2003

전통중편의 단백영양 보강을 위하여 동충하초를 첨가하여 증편의 이화학적, 기계적, 관능적 품질특성을 조사하였다. 동충하초 첨가량을 달리한 증편의 부피는 동충하초 첨가군이 대조군에 비해 증가하였고 pH는 동충하초 5%첨가 증편이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 수분은 대조군에 비해 첨가군의 수분 함량이 낮았고 (p＜.001) 동충하초 첨가군 사이에 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 아미노산 함량은 대조군보다 동충하초 첨가군이 높았으며 필수아미노산을 골고루 함유하고 특히 Leucine, Phenylalanine, Arginine이 높았다. 동충하초첨가 증편의 texture변화에서 색도 중 L값은 대조군에 비해 동충하초 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하였으며 반면에 a, b값은 첨가량이 증가할수록 증가하였다. texture 측정에서는 껌성은 5% 첨가군이 낮게 나타났고, brittlenes는 7% 첨가군이 대조군과 다른 첨가군중에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 관능검사에서 texture에서는 웅집성이 5% 첨가군, 탄력성은 3% 첨가군이 가장 높게 평가되었으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다. flavor에서 stale grain flavor과 bitterness는 동충하초 첨가량을 증가시킬수록 높게 나타나는 경향을 보였다. 이상의 결과에서 동충하초 증편의 제조에서 이화학적 특성, 기계적 특성, 관능적 특성을 종합했을 때 동충하초 농도를 3%, 5% 첨가시 최적농도임을 도출해 내고 품질이 향상됨을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.1028-1033
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• 2004

본 연구는 각종 영양적, 식품 기능적 특성이 우수한 청동호박과 단호박을 이용한 크림수프를 제조하기 위해 재료의 첨가량에 따른 품질 특성을 비교하여 최적의 크림수프의 제조 조건을 산출하기 위한 것이다. 그 결과 호박을 이용한 크림수프의 제조 시 주재료인 호박과 화이트 루의 첨가량에 따라 품질 특성에 있어 전반적인 유의성이 평가되어, 호박의 첨가량은 색상과 외관에 대한 선호도에 영향을 주었고, 화이트 루는 점도와 맛에 영향을 준 것으로 평가되었다. 호박은 첨가량이 증가할수록 명도는 현저하게 감소하였고 적색도와 황색도는 증가하였다. 점도, 색상, 외관, 전체 선호도에서 유의적인 차이를 나타냈고 첨가량 38%의 경우에 가장 높은 선호도를 나타내었다. 루 첨가량이 증가할수록 명도는 증가하고 적색도와 황색도는 소폭으로 감소하였다. 색상, 맛, 외관, 전체 선호도에서 유의적인 차이를 나타냈고 첨가량 1.5%인 경우에 가장 높은 선호도를 나타내었다. 닭 육수의 첨가량이 증가하고 우유의 첨가량이 감소할수록 명도는 전반적으로 증가하고 적색도와 황색도는 감소하였다. 점도, 색상, 맛, 외관, 전체 선호도에서 유의적인 차이를 나타냈고 닭 육수 37.5% : 우유 12.5%의 첨가가 가장 높은 선호도를 나타내었다. 점도 특성으로 호박 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 점도가 큰 폭으로 증가하였으며 닭 육수도 점도 증가의 요인이 되었다. 또한 화이트 루의 첨가량에 비례하여 점도가 전반적으로 증가하였다. 온도 증가에 따라 점도도 전반적으로 증가하여 온도차에 따라 큰 변화를 나타내었다. 단호박을 첨가하여 제조한 크림수프의 최적 품질 조건으로 호박 첨가량은 단호박과 청동호박을 1 : 1의 비율로 하여 37.5% 첨가하고, 닭 육수는 호박과 동량을 첨가한 후 닭 육수의 30%에 해당하는 양의 우유를 부가했을 때 색도, 점도와 전반적인 기호성이 높았다. 또한 화이트 루는 1.5% 첨가 시 최적 품질의 크림수프 제조를 위한 배합비율로 산출되었다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.674-681
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to analyze factors affecting acceptance of four kinds of dak-jjim samples in third year school-aged children (n=100). Soy sauce, red pepper paste, Vietnam fish sauce, and star anise were applied to samples for their familiar and exotic characteristics. Significant differences among samples were observed in odor, taste, and acceptance (p<0.001). Soy (Soy sauce sample), RPPaste (Red pepper paste sample), and Soy_FishS (Soy sauce and Vietnam fish sauce sample) samples scored higher than Soy_StarA (Soy sauce and star anise sample) sample. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in intensities of saltiness, sweetness, and hot spicy flavor (p>0.05). Liked attributes in samples were saltiness, sweetness, chicken flavor, potato flavor, moistness of chicken, hot spicy flavor, and color. Disliked attributes in samples were hot spicy flavor, saltiness, and ginger flavor. Significant differences among samples were observed in familiar intensity and willing to try again (p<0.001). Soy, RPPaste, and Soy_FishS samples scored higher than Soy_StarA sample. Panels considered taste (46%) and nutrition (45%). Higher familiar intensity of sample was associated with higher acceptance in samples. In other words, familiarity of food affects acceptance of food. Therefore, familiar ingredients such as soy sauce and chicken can be used for development of Korean menu items considering taste and nutrition with enhanced Korean food acceptance in school-aged children.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.33-37
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• 2003

잣죽의 제조조건이 죽의 기호도에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 잣죽의 제조조건인 주입액의 양(쌀 무게에 대한 물의 체적 비), 잣 첨가량(쌀 무게에 대한 잣의 무게 비) 및 호화를 위한 가열조리시간을 요인변수로 중심합성계획법에 의하여 실험을 설계하고 기호도를 반응변수로 하여 그 조사 결과에 대하여 반응표면분석을 진행하였다. 주입액의 양, 잣 첨가량 및 가열시간 모두가 색상에 대한 기호도에 크게 영향을 미치지 않았고 주입액의 양과 잣 첨가량은 10% 유의수준에서 향에 영향을 주었다. 점성과 전반적 기호도에 대하여 주입액의 양은 1% 유의수준에서, 가열조리시간은 5%의 유의수준에서 영향을 미쳤다. 잣죽에 대한 기호도 검사에서 전반적 기호도는 많이는 점성에 좌우되었고 색상의 영향을 가장 적게 받았다.