• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.17 no.3 s.82
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• pp.1-7
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• 2005

Cationic dyeable polyester(CDP) was produced through melt blending of cationic chips having $2mol\%$ of sodium salt of dimethyl ester of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid(DMS salt) and normal polyester chips in different proportions to obtain yarns having varying amount of comonomer in the fiber. The modified polyesters showed increased moisture regain, decreased viscosity, lower softening point and improved antistatic characteristics, according to the amount of modifier. In dyeing at $100^{\circ}C$ the dyeing rate of cationic dyes with CDP fiber increased slowly than that of disperse dyes. In dyeing at $120^{\circ}C$ cationic dyes reached to equilibrium at 30min and disperse dyes at 10min. Cationic dyes in dyeing of CDP fabric have a better wash fastness compared with disperse dyes, also rubbing fastness of cationic dyes is better than that of disperse dyes. The light fastness of CDP fabric for cationic and disperse dyes is not good. The fastness of 75d/36f CDP fabric is higher than 75d/72f fabric. Solvent wicking fastness of CDP with cationic dyes is better than that of disperse dyes.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.34-42
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• 1996

This Study was made to investigate alkaline dyeing systems for a new dyeing applicable polyester fibers. Disperse dyes for dyeing of polyester fibers were C.I. Red 60, Blue 56 and Yellow 54 as three primary colors of E type which used widely on the scene. Dyeing properties of dispers dyes on the polyester fibers are discussed according to variation of pH values for application of alkaline dyeing method compared with to ordinary acidic dyebath. Alkaline pH of the dyebath was controlled to pH 9 and 10.5 with buffer solutions using each hydrochloride and disodiumtetraborate, disodiumtetraborate and sodium hydroxide to promote the reproducibility of dyeing. Dyeing properties of dispers dyes on the polyester fibers by alkaline dyeing method compared with to ordinary acidic dyebath were discussed by estimation of color, wash-fastness, bleeding and migration of dyed polyester fabric.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.275-280
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• 2015

New series of phthaloperinone dyes were synthesized by the condensation reaction between tetrachloro-phthalic anhydride, 2,3-naphthalene dicarboxylic anhydride and o-phenylenediamine, 1,8-diaminonaphthalene, 1,2-diaminoanthraquinone. These dyes absorb at around 370-490nm. It was found that introduction of naphthalene and anthraquinone moiety on the perinone system produces a large bathochromic shift of 100nm. The synthesized dye 7 containing anthraquinone moiety in perinone chromophoric system exhibited superior heat stability and bright color as yellow chromophore. New dye 7 have been investigated in terms of interacting with volatile organic compound(VOC) $EtNH_2$. The sensing behaviour of the dye 7 toward $EtNH_2$ was studied by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. Sensing mechanism of dye 7 to $EtNH_2$ was supported by theoretical calculations based on DFT method.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.142-146
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• 2017

In Korea, kiwifruit is grown within a limited region on the southern coast where the climate is warm. Since the yellow - fleshed kiwifruit variety, 'Hort16A', first became commercially available, we have focused on breeding additional yellow - fleshed kiwifruits. Here, we describe the cultivar 'Goldone', which originated from 'Red Princess' and is characterized by red coloration around the fruit core. Conventional field crosses were performed in 2003, and permission for final release of 'Goldone' was obtained in 2011. This cultivar is very productive, with an average fruit weight of 129 g, which is 39% heavier than that of the cultivar 'Hayward'. 'Goldone' is harvested in late October, approximately 165 - 170 days after anthesis. In general, 'Goldone' has approximately eight flowers per fruiting shoot; these flowers must be thinned before blooming for commercial production. 'Goldone' was registered at the Korean Seed & Variety Service in 2014 for plant variety protection rights (grant no. 4835).

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2014

This study was conducted to elucidate the relationship between light and coloring and to obtain basic results for promoting redness expression in 'Kalle' (Pyrus communis L.) pear skin. It was investigated in location of anthocyanin layer by microscopic observation and differences in skin color expression of 'Kalle' bagged with paper bag which has different light transmittance rate and inside temperature. However, there was no anthocyanin layer in the brown skin and golden yellow color, anthocyanin layer was distributed in epidermins or hyperdermis of red skin pear and apple. Dark red colored 'Kalle' had more anthocyanin content, $29.8mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$ FW than light red colored apple 'Hongro'. Light transmittance rate of physical characteristics used paper bags was the highest in white paper bag, 42.2% and it also had more light quantity, $8.9{\mu}mol$ than any other tested paper bags in specific wave length 650-655 nm. The maximum temperature of inner bag was higher about $3^{\circ}C$ in yellow paper bag. The red coloration and anthocyanin contents in no bagged fruits were higher than in any other bagged fruit. However, red color expression among the bagged fruits was higher in white paper bag than in double layered black paper bag and yellow paper bag. Also, chromaticity value seemd to be a good index to explain variation of fruit skin color, because anthocyanin content and chromaticity value were higher. Based on these results, it is desirable to cultivate 'Kalle' without bag for stable redness expression but bagging is essential for decreasing damage by insect in Korea. Further examination to find suitable time of removing paperbag for redness expression and decreasing insect damage. In addition, it is required to develop paperbag whose transmittance rate is high in specific light wavelength or temperature of inner bags is low. Additional key words: anthocyanin, bagging, chromaticity value, light transmittance, Pyrus communis L.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.249-255
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• 2010

To investigate optical properties of (V, Pr)-doped $ZrSiO_4$ green pigments, samples were prepared by the ceramic method using NaF and NaCl as mineralizers. They were characterized by X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The changes of color in the samples during heating and effect of mineralizers were studied in terms of valence of the vanadium and praseodymium in the zircon matrix. (V, Pr)-doped $ZrSiO_4$ pigments give rise to green coloration in $800^{\circ}C$. The oxidation state of V and Pr ions of pigments in the glazed samples were confirmed by UV-Vis absorption spectra. This absorption spectra showed three typical bands of trivalent Pr at the 445, 480~490, 592 nm due to f-f transitions and two broad bands of 302~380, 400~500 nm due to f-d transitions of tetravalent Pr. According to the increasing amounts of $Pr_6O_{11}$, the two broad bands showed decreasing intensity at 290, 640 nm due to d-d transitions of tetravalent V.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.409-413
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• 2014

Purple-colored shell individuals were discovered among normal green-colored shell individuals in artificial seed of Pacific abalone, Haliotis discus hannai, reared on an ordinary type of diatom and artificial diet. In the present study, factorial mating experiments were designed to clarify the genetic control of the variant (purple type) and normal (green type) of shell color. The parental population of purple type and green type individuals were derived from a single family between a female and male of each type of coloration. The all mating families were reared in same tank for the same breed environment. The individual of 4 type families were distinguished by paternity test using microsatellite DNA. In factorial mating experiments, all individuals offspring of GG (green type female and green type male), GP (green type female and purple type male) and PG (purple type female and green type male) mating types appeared to green type. In only PP (purple type female and purple type male) mating type, all individuals offspring appeared to purple type. The results suggested that the purple shell color is controlled by recessive purple type allele and a dominant green type allele at a single locus.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.155-163
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• 2015

In dyeing cotton fabric with the Indigo Pulverata Levis, this research examined the effect of the sodium dithionite($Na_2S_2O_4$). For the separation of the Indigo-calcium hydroxide complex in the alkaline solution of the Indigo Pulverata Levis, the reduction with the $Na_2S_2O_4$ at $25^{\circ}C$ was more effective than the solution boiling. The concentration of Indigo in the cotton fabric increased with the increase of Indigo Pulverata Levis, but the concentration of indirubin did not increase particularly. The optimum temperature for the reduction was $60^{\circ}C$, and K/S value of dyed fabric decreased at over $60^{\circ}C$. The concentration of indigo and indirubin in the cotton fabric decreased as $Na_2S_2O_4$ concentration increased. In treating cotton fabric dyed with the Indigo Pulverata Levis by the $Na_2S_2O_4$, the concentration of indirubin decreased and the surface color of dyed cotton changed from purple blue to blue while the treatment temperature was getting higher.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.303-313
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• 2013

Alkali hydrolysis of sea-island PET 0.02denier microfiber were compared to those on the fabrics of the 0.06denier microfiber. In the dissolution of the sea component out of sea island type ultra-microfiber, it is important to determine the optimum division and divided material. Weight reduction of sea island ultra-micro sea island fiber was faster than regular PET about 10 times. Also 0.2denier sea-island ultra-micro sea island fiber has better color fastness (washing, friction, and daylight) than 0.06denier level sea-island ultra-microfiber. In this study, 0.2denier ultra-micro sea island fiber shows the possibility of high value product.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.24-30
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• 1996

In order to investigate the light fastness of amino azo disperse dyes, some kinds of disperse dyes were prepared and dyed to polyester fabric under the different conditions, such as single or mixture state. After the dyed fabric was irradiated with carbon arc light for several hours, the color differences and K/S values of fabric were measured. The light fastness of amino azo disperse dye was decreased by the introduction of OH group to the dye molecule. But when the amino azo dye was mixed with the anthraquinone disperse dye, the light fastness was increased. It was considered that the dye molecules were aggregated on account of hydrogen bonding via OH groups, resulting the decrease of surface area of dye molecule which might be irradiated by the light.