• 제목/요약/키워드: college adaptation

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한국 젊은이의 안면미 선호경향에 관한 연구 : 얼굴의 측모평가를 중심으로 (A STUDY ON THE FACIAL ESTHETIC PREFERENCES AMONG KOREAN YOUTHS: ASSESSMENT OF PROFILE PREFERENCES)

  • 송세진;최익찬
    • 대한치과교정학회지
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    • 제22권4호
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    • pp.881-920
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    • 1992
  • This study was designed to assess profile preferences among Korean youths in the year 1992. Facial esthetics was evaluated by means of silhouette profiles, eliminating the influence of a number of aspects that may affect judgment when normal lateral photographs are used. The main points of preference to be clarified here are as follows. First, on facial convexity, Second, on nasion depth, Third, on mentolabial sulcus depth, Fourth, on the position of upper and lower lips, Fifth, on facial type according to Angle's classification of malocclusion, Sixth, on Song's tangents. The 54 subjects printed in questionnaire as black and white silhouettes were selected from 300 tracings from cephalometric radiographs of people whose age ranging from 11 to 20 years. Photographs of six female subjects were retouched by computer graphic software and printed in color and black/white photographs which were used for adaptation of eyes of participants in selecting profiles in silhouette. They constitute 2 questions. The 54 subjects were grouped as 22 questions, each of them composed of 6 subjects, according to the aspects to be clarified. Twenty four questions in total were asked to assess profile preferences. For the assessment, the profile line, the facial esthetic triangle, Song's tangents, and Angle's classification of malocclusion were introduced. The profile line is composed of 11 component points which are Trichion, Glabella, Nasion, Pronasale, Subnasale, Labrale superius, Stomion, Labrale inferius, Supramentale, Pogonion, and Gnathion. The facial esthetic triangle is composed of 3 tangents: A-tangent which is the tangent of dorsum of nose, B-tangent which is the line passing through Sn and Ls, and C-tangent which is drawn on the turning point of the curve which lies between mentolabial sulcus (Sm) and pogonion (Pg). Angle's classification has 3 types of malocclusion which are Class I, Class II, and Class III. Class II malocclusion is subdivided into Division 1 and Division 2. The participants of the survey were composed of 861 college students (448 male students, 413 female students) whose majors grouped as Fine Arts. Liberal Arts, and Natural Sciences, and whose mean age 21.8 years. The statistics program SPSS/PC + of SPSS Inc. was used to analyze answers of participants. Crosstabulation, Chi-square test, and Kendall test were done. The conclusions are as follows: First, Korean youths have a tendency to prefer the slightly convex face to the flat or concave face. Second, they prefer a moderately deep nasion. Third, they prefer a moderately deep mentolabial sulcus. Fourth, they prefer the position of lips which are near to Ricketts' E-line. The position of the upper lip which is slightly posterior to E-line is preferred. The upper lip which lies too far anterior or posterior to the lower lip is not perferred. Fifth, they prefer most, according to Angle's Classification of Malocclusion, Class I facial profile which has a slight inclination to Class II division 2. The order of preference is Class I, Class II division 2, Class III, and Class II division 1. Sixth, they prefer the type 2 and 3 of Song's tangents. The facial profile within which A-and B-tangent meet is preferred. The facial profile which has Cotangent that .meets with A-tangent slightly posterior to the crossing point of A-and B-tangent or that parallels with B-tangent is preferred.

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북한이탈주민의 지방정착지원을 위한 지역사회 자원동원전략 : 부산지역의 사례를 중심으로 (Community Resource Development Strategies for Facilitating North Korean Refugees' Resettlement in Local Areas : The Case of Busan Metropolitan City)

  • 이기영;윤경애
    • 한국사회복지학
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    • 제55권
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    • pp.103-130
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    • 2003
  • 이 연구는 지방으로 분산 정착하는 북한이탈주민의 적응상황을 서울 수도권지역의 사람들과 비교 분석하였고 그 결과 노동시장활동, 생활만족도, 민간기관으로부터의 지원내용 등에서 불리한 것으로 나타나 지방정착 북한이탈주민의 지원제도에 정책적 실천적 관심을 기울여야 함을 시사하였다. 이 연구는 이러한 실증분석과 함께 북한이탈주민을 지원하는 전국의 지역사회종합복지관의 사업내용을 분석하였고, 지역차원의 북한이탈주민 지역협의회의 운영현황을 분석하였다. 지방의 사례로서는 부산지역을 선택하였는바 연구의 편의성과 함께 서울수도권지역 이외의 지역으로서 가장 많은 북한이탈주민이 거주하고 이들을 지원하는 민간의 사업이 영세하나마 존재하고 있기 때문이었다. 이 글의 사회복지학 분야의 기여는 기존의 지역사회자원동원과 지역네트워킹에 관련된 이론적 실천적 배경을 북한이탈주민 지원사업분야에 접목하였다는 것이다.

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유럽 너도밤나무(Fagus sylvatica L.) 유묘발달(幼苗發達) 동안의 한 동위효소(同位酵素) 유전자좌(遺傳子座)에서의 생존력선택(生存力選擇) (Viability Selection at an Allozyme Locus during Development in European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.))

  • 김진수
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제54권1호
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    • pp.68-75
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    • 1981
  • 서독과 루마니아의 너도밤나무 2개 산지(産地)로부터 얻어진 종자(種子)와 그로부터 온실(溫室)과 임분내(林分內)에서 발아된 유묘(幼苗)의 서로 다른 3가지 발달시기(發達時期)의 한 leucine aminopeptidase 유전자좌(遺傳子座)에서의 유전적(遺傳的) 구조(構造)가 상호간(相互間)에 비교되었다. 많은 비교에서 서로 다른 발달시기간(發達時期間)에 대립유전자적(對立遺傳子的) 및 유전자형적(遺傳子型的) 구조(構造)의 차이가 인정되었다. 양산지(兩産地)에서 공통으로 대립유전자(對立遺傳子) $A_2$가 상이(相異)한 조건하에서 얻어진 유묘시기(幼苗時期)에서 우월성(優越性)을 보였다. 대립유전자(對立遺傳子)$A_2$의 동형접합체(同型接合體)가 온실내에서의 생존력(生存力)이 가장 높았으며 보다 이질적(異質的) 환경조건(環境條件)을 지닌 임분내(林分內)에서는 이형접합체(異型接合體), 특히 대립유전자(對立遺傳子) $A_2$의 이형접합체(異型接合體)가 월등한 생존력(生存力)을 보였다. 양(兩) 산지(産地)의 종자(種子)의 유전적(遺傳的) 구조(構造)가 서로 뚜렷이 상이(相異)함에도 불구하고 대립유전자(對立遺傳子)$A_2$의 동등(同等)한 효과(効果)는 이 유전자좌(遺傳子座)이 적응성(適應性)을 확인해 준다. 생존력(生存力) 변수(變數)와 유전적(遺傳的) 간격(間隔)등의 비교를 통해, 일어난 생존선택(生存選擇)의 특성(特性)과 강도(強度)가 설명되었다. 이 유전자좌(遺傳子座)의 발달초기(發達初期)에 있어서의 가능한 중요성이 이질적(異質的) 환경(環境)에서 오랫동안 살아가는 임목(林木)의 적응(適應)과 관련되어 토론되었다.

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임상치과위생사의 심리적 안녕감이 감성지능에 미치는 영향 (The effect of clinical dental hygienist psychological well-being on emotional intelligence in an area)

  • 김영임
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제21권7호
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    • pp.504-509
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    • 2020
  • 본 연구는 임상치과위생사의 심리적 안녕감이 감성지능에 미치는 영향 요인을 분석하였다. 연구기간은 2019년 9월 1일부터 11월 30일까지로 전라북도에 근무하는 임상치과위생사 180명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS 18.0을 활용하여 치과위생사의 심리적 안녕감과 감성지능의 정도는 평균과 표준편차, 직무관련특성에 따른 심리적 안녕감과 감성지능의 차이는 t-test와 one-way ANOVA, 사후검증은 Scheffé test, 상관관계는 Pearson correlation, 감성지능에 미치는 영향요인은 단계적 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 심리적 안녕감은 감성지능과 유의한 양의 상관관계(r=.596, p<.001)로 심리적 안녕감이 높을수록 감성지능은 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 임상치과위생사의 감성지능은 적합된 회귀모형으로 유의한 것으로 나타났으며(F=116.575, p<.05), 설명력은 53.6%였다. 독립변수 중 긍정적 대인관계(β=.569)가 가장 큰 영향력을 보이는 변수로 나타났으며. 심리적 안녕감, 자아수용, 개인의 성장, 환경에 대한 통제력과 임상경력이 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구결과로 심리적 안녕감이 감성지능과 연관된 관계가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 앞으로 임상치과위생사의 심리적 안녕감을 증진시키고 감성지능을 강화하는 효율적인 전략을 구축하고자 한다.

노안안경과 모노비젼 콘택트렌즈 착용 후 적응 전 읽기 능력 평가 (Presbyopic Spectacle and Monovision for Reading Performance Before Adaptation)

  • 추병선;황정희
    • 한국안광학회지
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.263-268
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    • 2010
  • 목적: 안구운동과 주시 능력은 독서 시 외적 정보를 얻기 위한 주요한 과정이며 명료한 시생활 조건의 주요한 매개변수로 작용한다. 본 연구는 주시 거리와 노안교정 방법의 다양한 조건에 의한 읽기능력과 주시 능력을 평가하기 위하여 시행하였다. 방법: 평균 $48.1{\pm}4.2$세의 22명이 참여 하였으며, 각 피실험자는 실험에 적합한 선별검사를 실시하여 안질환이 없으며 이전에 콘택트렌즈 사용 경험이 없고 단초점 근용안경을 제외한 어떠한 형태의 노안교정 경험이 없는 대상자로 선별하였다. 읽기시간과 주시 횟수는 단초점렌즈(SV), 이중초점렌즈(BIF), 누진렌즈(PAL) 그리고 모노비젼(MV)를 한 상태에서 안구추적 시스템(Eye Tracking System, ASL Mobile Eye)을 사용하여 측정하였다. 읽기능력의 평가를 위한 원근 주시 거리는 2m, 40 cm에서 각각 시행하였다. 결과: 근거리 읽기능력의 평가에 있어서 읽기시간과 주시 횟수는 본 연구에 사용된 단초점렌즈와 노안교정안경과 모노비젼 사이에 유의한 차이를 보였으나(p<0.001), 특히나 단초점렌즈를 착용하였을 경우, 이중초점, 누진렌즈 그리고 모노비젼을 착용하였을 경우에 비해 읽기시간과 주시시간이 증가하였다. 하지만 원거리 읽기능력의 평가에서는 모든 조건에서 유사한 결과를 보였으며, 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론: 원거리와 근거리 시력의 교정을 목적으로 안경렌즈나 콘택트렌즈와 같은 노안교정방법의 사용은 근업시 읽기와 주시 능력에 도움이 될 수 있으나, 노안자에게 있어서 근거리 교정이 없는 단초점렌즈의 사용은 근거리에 대한 조절력 부족으로 인해 읽기시간의 증가와 주시 횟수 또한 증가함을 보였다. 추후 연구에는 본 연구에서는 노안교정의 무경험자를 대상으로 측정했으나 적응 능력을 고려한 노안교정 유경험자에 대한 연구를 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

Antioxidant effect of garlic and aged black garlic in animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus

  • Lee, Young-Min;Gweon, Oh-Cheon;Seo, Yeong-Ju;Im, Ji-Eun;Kang, Min-Jung;Kim, Myo-Jeong;Kim, Jung-In
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.156-161
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    • 2009
  • Hyperglycemia in the diabetic state increases oxidative stress and antioxidant therapy can be strongly correlated with decreased risks for diabetic complications. The purpose of this study is to determine antioxidant effect of garlic and aged black garlic in animal model of type 2 diabetes. The antioxidant activity of garlic and aged black garlic was measured as the activity in scavenging free radicals by the trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay. Three week-old db/db mice were fed AIN-93G diet or diet containing 5% freeze-dried garlic or aged black garlic for 7 weeks after 1 week of adaptation. Hepatic levels of lipid peroxides and activities of antioxidant enzymes were measured. TEAC values of garlic and aged black garlic were $13.3{\pm}0.5$ and $59.2{\pm}0.8{\mu}mol/g$ wet weight, respectively. Consumption of aged black garlic significantly decreased hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level compared with the garlic group which showed lower TBARS level than control group (p<0.05). Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) of garlic and aged black garlic group were significantly elevated compared to the control group. Catalase (CAT) activity of aged black garlic group was increased compared with the control group. These results show that aged black garlic exerts stronger antioxidant activity than garlic in vitro and in vivo, suggesting garlic and aged black garlic, to a greater extent, could be useful in preventing diabetic complications.

산후 여성의 기능 상태에 관한 연구 (A Study on Functional Status after Childbirth under the Sanhujori)

  • 유은광
    • 여성건강간호학회지
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    • 제5권3호
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    • pp.410-419
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    • 1999
  • This study sought to figure out women's functional status after childbirth under the Sanhujori. Functioal status was defined as the women's readiness to assume infant care responsibilities and resume her usual activities including household, social and community, self-care and occupational activity. A convenience sample of 211 women who are in the postpartal period of the range from 1 week to 3 months above and residing in Seoul. Korea was studied from January, 1997 to December, 1998 for two years. Mean age of respondents was 29.9 years and mean of the present postpartal period was 7.5 weeks. The present postpartal period was of 5-8 weeks 26.5%, 3-4weeks 26.1%, 9-12 week 23.7% and below 2 weeks 7.1%, 32.7% of women had a job and the mean period of return to job was 2.76 weeks. During Sanhujori the non professional care giver was family members from women's maiden home 73.5% and only 2% of husband. The period women needed for the recovery from now was 5.39 weeks and it means that women need 12.9weeks for recovery after childbirth. For the present subjective health status after childbirth, bad was 20.2%, good 18.3 and average 61.5% and for the recovery status, completely recovered 29.5%, slightly 61.8% and rarely 8.7%. The mean of functional status at the 7.5weeks was baby care activity 3.65, household 2.57, self-care 2.46, occupational 2.44 and social 1.53 in rank. Except baby care the functional status was generally low or very low. The related factors to the functional status were the period and subjective evaluation of Sanhujori women experienced, the present period of postpartum, and subjective feeling of recovery. This result strongly reflects the effects of Sanhujori culture and Sanhujori per se on women's postpartal life including functional status and reconfirmed the relationship between health status and the experience of Sanhujori after delivery as the previous findings from various study showed. It provides a challenge to the professional care givers to research further on the effects of Sanhujori on the health status, health recovery after abortion or delivery from the various aspects through the cross-sectional and longitudinal research for the refinement of the reality of Sanhujori not only as cultural phenomenon but as an inseparable factor influencing in women's postpartal healthy adaptation and for the appropriateness of intervention and quality of care for desirable health outcome.

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척수 손상자의 사회 적응에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Social Adaptation of Spinal Cord Injured Patients)

  • 이동순;송인영
    • 대한물리치료과학회지
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.405-419
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    • 1997
  • This research has been conducted to provide the spinal cord injured patients with comprehensive necessity of and backup data for their rehabilitation in the community and make the aware of importance of overall community support to patients. The data was collected through questionnaire made to 83 patients charged to general hospital in Jeonbuk Province between 1 and 31 March 1997 to analyse the patients ability on activities of daily living through the research on general characteristics and Modified Barthel Index(MBI). As a result the outcome of the research was as follows : 1. Sexual distribution represented that 57 male (68.7%) and 26 female(31.3%) and in the age distribution majority group was 36 thirties (43.4 %) most active in social activities. 2. Analysis on occupation of patients showed majority group was in technicians, 21 people representing 25.4 % and the major cause of injury was traffic accident, 45people representing 54.2%, fall down, 17 people representing 20.5% and industrial accident, 13 people representing 15.7%, respectively. 3. In the multiple choice questionnaire on complications, the rate of appealing pain was highest and spasticity, pressure sore, contracture, depression which restrict the patients from activities of daily living ability were also appeared. 4. The theoretical points in MBI Should lie between 1 and 115 and the average point be 58 but the average point of the MBI among 83 patients was 63. 5. The MBI point by the level of injured represented statistically critical difference(P<0.001) and the MBI points tested by Duncan's Multiple Area Testing in lumbar(80.1) and in thoracic (65.8) represented critically higher than the one in cervical(42.5). 6. In the distribution of the method of Urination after spine injury, the intermittent catheterization represented highest numbar of 34(41.1 %). Testing by Duncan's Multiple Area Testing, as we found the critical difference in the analysis on MBI points(P<0.001), the point in independent self voiding patients ($90.87{\pm}29.34$) was higher than the one in other self voiding patients(P<0.05). 7. In th category of social activities after spine injury, the number of people classified in others, 41 people representing 49.5% was highest and in the MBI points of the spinal cord injured people in religious activity, hobby activity, private club, occupation was critically higher than the people classified in miscellancous(P<0.01) who are the spinal cord injured people and mostly depend on their family's assistance at home in their daily activities.

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Carbon Source의 변화에 의한 대장균의 pts Promoter 전사 조절 기작 (Mechanism of Regulation of the pts Promoter Transcription Initiation by Carbon Sources in Escherichia coli)

  • 김순영;권혁란;신동우;유상렬
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제42권4호
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    • pp.293-297
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    • 1999
  • Escherichia coli의 중요한 sugar 흡수 system인 Phosphoenolpyruvate. carbohydrate phosphotransferase system(PTS)의 주요 구성 enzyme을 만드는 pts operon에는 여러 개의 promoter가 존재하여 어느 환경에서도 적절한 정도의 PTS 활성을 유지하도록 한다. E. coli pts operon의 P1 promoter transcription이 in vitro와 in vivo에서 차이가 나는 원인을 밝히기 위하여 pts promoter activity에 영향을 줄 수도 있는 pts P0 Promoter의 1kbp upstream에서부터 P0와 P1 promoter까지 transcription vector에 cloning하여 in vitro transcription assay를 한 결과, pts promoter의 upstream DNA가 pts P1 promoter의 in vitro transcription에 미치는 영향이 없음을 알 수 있었다. 여러 가지 PTS sugar들을 이용하여 in vivo에서 이들 sugar 들이 pts transcription에 미치는 영향을 cAMP농도 변화와 비교 조사한 바, glucose존재 하에 자랄 때보다 CAMP농도가 높은 mannose나 mannitol 존재 하에 bacteria가 자랄 때 P1b transcription은 증가하나 P0 transcription은 glucose존재 하에 자랄 때 더 높은 결과를 보였다. 이 결과는 P0에 glucose에 의해 induction되는 repressor가 존재하고, P1 에는 glucose. mannose, mannitol에 의해 공통적으로 induction되는 제 2의 repressor가 존재할 것이라는 가능성을 보여주는 것이다.

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Function of Global Regulator CodY in Bacillus thuringiensis BMB171 by Comparative Proteomic Analysis

  • Qi, Mingxia;Mei, Fei;Wang, Hui;Sun, Ming;Wang, Gejiao;Yu, Ziniu;Je, Yeonho;Li, Mingshun
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.152-161
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    • 2015
  • CodY is a highly conserved protein in low G+C gram-positive bacteria that regulates genes involved in sporulation and stationary-phase adaptation. Bacillus thuringiensis is a grampositive bacterium that forms spores and parasporal crystals during the stationary phase. To our knowledge, the regulatory mechanism of CodY in B. thuringiensis is unknown. To study the function of CodY protein in B. thuringiensis, BMB171codY- was constructed in a BMB171 strain. A shuttle vector containing the ORF of cry1Ac10 was transformed into BMB171 and BMB171codY-, named BMB171cry1Ac and BMB171codY-cry1Ac, respectively. Some morphological and physiological changes of codY mutant BMB171codY-cry1Ac were observed. A comparative proteomic analysis was conducted for both BMB171codY-cry1Ac and BMB171cry1Ac through two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF-MS/MS analysis. The results showed that the proteins regulated by CodY are involved in microbial metabolism, including branched-chain amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and energy metabolism. Furthermore, we found CodY to be involved in sporulation, biosynthesis of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate, growth, genetic competence, and translation. According to the analysis of differentially expressed proteins, and physiological characterization of the codY mutant, we performed bacterial one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assay experiments and confirmed the direct regulation of genes by CodY, specifically those involved in metabolism of branched-chain amino acids, ribosomal recycling factor FRR, and the late competence protein ComER. Our data establish the foundation for in-depth study of the regulation of CodY in B. thuringiensis, and also offer a potential biocatalyst for functions of CodY in other bacteria.