• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.107-121
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• 2023

This study analyzed the polyphenol, flavonoid contents, antioxidant activity, anti-aging activity and phenol component contents of Saccharina japonica (SJ), Costaria costata (CC) extracts with hot water, 95% methanol, 95% prethanol for investigating possible utilization of SJ and CC extracts. The result revealed that the SJ and CC methanol extracts showed the highest polyphenol and flavonoid contents, 4.63 mg TAN/g, and 4.19 mg QUE/g respectively. Also, the SJ and CC methanol extracts showed higher antioxidant activity than prethanol and hot water extracts, whereas the ABTS radical scavenging activities were the highest in prethanol extracts (IC₅₀ = 15.4, 10.3 ㎍/µL). In anti-aging activity for evaluating the anti-wrinkle activity and skin whitening activity, the CC methanol extracts had high collagenase inhibitory activity (88.3%), and the SJ prethanol extracts showed higher elastase inhibitory activity (19.0%) compared to other extracts. Then the tyrosinase inhibitory activity was significantly higher in the SJ and CC methanol extracts (41.8, 30.3%, respectively), whereas prethanol extracts were the lowest. To identify the phenol component contents of SJ and CC extracts, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, naringenin, naringin and nicotinic acid were measured using LC-MS/MS. As a result, the phenol contents were the highest in SJ methanol extract (4-hydroxybenzoic acid), SJ and CC prethanol extract (naringin and naringenin) and CC prethanol extract (nicotinic acid). Lastly, the antioxidant activity of SJ and CC showed high correlations with polyphenol and flavonoid contents (R = -0.946~0.883). These results suggest that prethanol or methanol extracts of SJ and CC have higher antioxidant activities, anti-aging activity and the potential to be used as material for health functional food and cosmetics.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.67-74
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• 2012

Objectives : The present study was designed to investigate effects of Ssanghwa-tang (Shu$\bar{a}$nghu$\bar{a}$-g$\bar{e}$ng) on oxidation/reduction reaction-related and aging-related enzymes $in$ $vitro$. Methods : We performed MTT assay, collagenase inhibition assay, elastase inhibition assay, tyrosinase inhibition assay, DPPH free radical scavenging assay, SOD-like activity and xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibition assay. Results : The 50% ethanol (EtOH) extract of Ssanghwa-tang (SHT) showed 55% inhibition of collagenase activity, and 42% inhibition of elastase activity at 1 mg/ml concentration. Also it's treatment showed 18% inhibition of tyrosinase activity, to relate whitening effect, at the same dose of 50% ethanol extract of SHT. Antioxidant activities were determined by DPPH radical scavenging, XO inhibiting activity and SOD-like activity. These scavenging, XO-inhibiting and SOD-like activities were measured in 80%, 75%, and 28% inhibitions, respectively, at a 1 mg/ml treated dose, compared to those of control. The inhibitory effects of 50% EtOH extract on aging and oxidation-related enzyme activities were higher than those of water extract and 95% EtOH extract. Conclusions : Taken together, our findings suggest that the SHT has potential and applicable benefits for development of cosmetics to have anti-aging (anti-wrinkle and whitening) and anti-oxidation functions.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.38-45
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• 2008

Antioxidant and anti-rheumatoid activities of Cirsium japonicum leaf extract (CJLE) were investigated in this study. CJLE had similar DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power to ascorbic acid and several flavonoids. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory tissue-destructive disease, partly related with functions of hyaluronidases (HAases) and collgenases. CJLE ($1,000\;{\mu}g/mL$) had approximately 60.7 and 31.9% inhibition of HAase and collagenase activity, respectively. Also, CJLE inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitrite production in a dose-dependent manner, and CJLE ($1,000\;{\mu}g/mL$) suppressed approximately 70% of LPS-induced nitrite production effectively in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. CJLE had inhibitory effects on the adherence of monocytic THP-1 to human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) monolayers to the basal level. Inhibitory effect of CJLE on the adhesion was caused by suppression of tumor necrosis factor-a-upregulated expression of vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin. We expect that CJLE may alleviate the inflammatory process in rheumatoid synovium, and these findings will raise the possibility of the usage of C. japonicum as a traditional pharmaceutical of anti-rheumatoid arthritis.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.271-279
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• 2021

Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions, including extraction time, extraction temperature, and ethanol concentration, were optimized to increase the total flavonoid content (TFC), tyrosinase inhibitory activity (TIA), and collagenase inhibitory activity (CIA) of Spirulina platensis through central composite design (CCD). For the optimization of the three dependent variables, a quadratic regression model was derived from 17 experimental sets for the simultaneous maximization of TFC, TIA, and CIA. The predicted optimal UAE conditions were 44.0 min of extraction time, 82.8℃ of extraction temperature, and 96.0% of ethanol concentration. Under these conditions, 0.93 mg QE/g DM of TFC, 81.9% of CIA, and 92.1% of TIA were predicted. The CCD-based UAE optimization enabled an increase in TFC, CIA, and TIA, thereby confirming that the S. platensis extract can be used in the development of a cosmetic material with skin whitening and anti-wrinkle effects.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2022

Silkworm pupae, a by-product of the silk industry are known to be valuable resource of nutrients for humans as well as animals besides encompassing diverse bioactive constituents. However, there is a paucity of knowledge on their role in amelioration of oxidative stress and anti-skin aging properties. In the present study, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of aqueous as well as ethanolic (30% and 70%) extracts from distinct stages of male and female silkworm pupae belonging to two silkworm varieties on skin aging-related enzymes. The activities of collagenase, elastase and tyrosinase were effectively inhibited by 70% ethanolic silkworm pupal extracts (SPE), followed by 30% with aqueous extracts exhibiting meager inhibitory potential. SPE were also investigated for their antioxidant activity in oxidative-stressed murine fibroblasts (L929). The intracellular ROS and lipid peroxidation induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) in fibroblasts was better attenuated by pre treatment with ethanolic (30%) and aqueous extracts, respectively. The safety of the extracts was determined by studying their effect on fibroblast cell viability and it was found that none of the extracts were cytotoxic. Our findings indicate the potential utility of SPE as anti-aging components in cosmeceuticals.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.753-759
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• 2001

To evaluate antiinflammation of Aloe vera peel, antiimflammation substances were extracted from Aloe vera peel and identified, and we investigated the effect of the its substance the inhibitory effect on the activity of hyaluoronidase, elastase, collagenase and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. The water extract from Aloe vera peel were successfully purified with solvent fractionation, silica gel column chromatography, preparative thin layer chromatography and UV spectrometer. Two purified active substances were identified as aloe-emodin and barbaloin by Mass Spectrometer, $^1H-NMR$ and FT-IR. Aloe-emodin and barbaloin. $IC_{50}$ values of aloe-emodin and barbaloin against hyaluronidase activity were 40 and $70\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Leuckocyte elastase, which is related to the destruction of various tissue, $IC_{50}$ values of them were 50 and $60\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. $IC_{50}$ values of aloe-emodin and barbaloin against collagenase activity were 40 and $60\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. and $IC_{50}$ values of aloe-emodin and barbaloin aganist the prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase, which play an important role in inflammatory reactions, were 40 and $70\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Inhibitory effects of aloe-emodin, barbaloin and aspirin against carrageenan paw edema were 74.9, 52.9 and 51.9% as inhibiton percentage, respectively, at dose of 100 mg/kg and that of indomethancin was 49.7 at dose of 10 mg/kg. Cell cytotoxicity of barbaloin against human gingival cells was lower than that of aloe-emodin. Aloe-emodin and barbaloin did not show cytotoxicity against human gingival cells at concentration of 1.0 and $5.0\;{\mu}g/mL$, However, aloe-emodin and barbaloin showed less cytotoxicity than chlorhexidine, which usually have been used as the agent of anticaries and antiinflammation. These results suggested that aloe-emodin and barbaloin from Aloe vera peel have the effect of anticaries and antiinflammation.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.353-360
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• 2021

In this study, the skin whitening and anti-wrinkle activity of Abelmoschus manihot (A. manihot) flowers were evaluated as a cosmetic material. A. manihot flowers were extracted using water and 70% ethanol. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity was evaluated to increase concentration-dependent inhibitory activity in both water (AMW) and 70% ethanol extracts (AME), and was found to inhibit melanin biosynthesis at concentrations that did not affect survival in B16F10 cell lines at 10, 25, 50, 75, and 100 ㎍/mL. As a result of measuring the anti-wrinkle effectiveness of A. manihot flowers, 70% ethanol extract (AME) showed higher anti-wrinkle activity than water extract (AMW). Through the results of this study, it is considered that the A. manihot flower extract can be used as a functional cosmetic material with whitening and anti-wrinkle activity.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.377-385
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• 2016

In order to investigate the possibility of Sesamum indicum L. (S. indicum) extract as an active ingredient for wrinkle-care cosmetics, we prepared 70% ethanolic extract of S. indicum and measured its elastase inhibitory activity and collagenase inhibitory activity. We also evaluated the effect of S. indicum extract on protein and mRNA expression of MMPs in fibroblast cell (CCD-986sk). For anti-wrinkle effects, elastase inhibition activities and collagenase inhibition activities were 37.8% and 45% at a dose of $1,000{\mu}g/mL$ of S. indicum 70% ethanol extract. For a cell viability test, measured on fibroblast cell by ethanol extract of S. indicum, results showed 96% with cell viability at $100{\mu}g/mL$ concentration. According to the results of western blot of ethanol extract from S. indicum the expression of the matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) protein was decreased by 63%, 43%, 49% at $100{\mu}g/mL$ concentration. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of ethanol extract from S. indicum showed that the expression of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3 mRNA was decreased by 82%, 79%, 82% at $100{\mu}g/mL$ concentration. The findings suggest that 70% ethanol extract from S. indicum has potential as a cosmeceutical ingredient with anti-wrinkle effects.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.170-179
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to investigate the physiological activities of Cnidium officinale Makino extracts on extraction solvents. The yield of ethanol extract, 87.54%, was higher than that of the hot water extract(83.06%) and of the methanol extract(78.32%). In the inhibitory activity of xanthine oxidase, the ethanol extracts and methanol from Cnidium officinale Makino appeared to show significantly higher activity than hot water extract at $1,000{\mu}g/mL$. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of the ethanol and the methanol extracts at $50-2,000{\mu}g/mL$ were 19.96-89.01% and 19.41-88.21%, respectively. The SOD-like activities of all the extracts improved with an increase in the treatment concentration. Both collagenase and elastase inhibitory activities were shown higher from the ethanol and methanol extract compared to that of hot water extract. The tyrosinase inhibitory activity of ethanol extract, 12.04-73.85%($50-2,000{\mu}g/mL$), was higher than that of the other extracts. Taken together, these data suggest that Cnidium officinale Makino extract is effective in whitening and anti-wrinkle effect, thus it might strongly be considered as potential functional cosmetic components.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.539-544
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• 2010

In this study, we evaluated the anti-oxidative, anti-wrinkle and whitening effect of Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke extract. Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke was extracted by two different solvents which were n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The anti-oxidant activity was measured by free radical scavenging activity using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical). And the inhibitory activities of tyrosinase for whitening effect and collagenase for anti-wrinkle were investigated. For anti-oxidant activity and whitening activity, ethyl acetate fraction of Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke extract showed more significant activity than n-hexane fraction of Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke extract. For anti-wrinkle activity, ethyl acetate fraction of Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke extract exhibited strong inhibition effects compared with reference. Therefore, Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke extract may be useful as a new antioxidant and anti-aging agent.