• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.205-211
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• 2008

Gingival overgrowth can cause dental occlusion and seriously interfere with mastication, speech, and dental hygiene. It is observed in 25 to 81% of renal transplant patients treated with cyclosporine A (CsA). CsA-induced gingival overgrowth (CIGO) is caused by quantitative alteration of the extracellular matrix components, particularly collagen. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of CIGO remain poorly understood, despite intense clinical and laboratory investigations. The aim of the present work is to identify differentially expressed genes closely associated with CIGO. Human gingival fibroblasts were isolated by primary explant culture of gingival tissues from five healthy subjects (HGFs) and two patients with the CIGO (CIGO-HGFs). The proliferative activity of CsA-treated HGFs and CIGO-HGFs was examined using the MTT assay. The identification of differentially expressed genes in CsA-treated CIGO-HGF was performed by differential display reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by DNA sequencing. CsA significantly increased the proliferation of two HGFs and two CIGO-HGFs, whereas three HGFs were not affected. Seven genes, including the beta subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4HB) and testican 1, were upregulated by CsA in a highly proliferative CIGO-HGF. The increased P4HB and testican-1 mRNA levels were confirmed in CsA-treated CIGO-HGFs by semiquantitative RT-PCR. Furthermore, CsA increased type I collagen mRNA levels and suppressed MMP-2 mRNA levels, which are regulated by P4HB and testican-1, respectively. These results suggest that CsA may induce gingival overgrowth through the upregulation of P4HB and testican-1, resulting in the accumulation of extracellular matrix components.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권9호
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• pp.1514-1524
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• 2021

Objective: This study investigated the meat quality characteristics, endogenous proteolytic enzymes, collagen content, and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms of different muscles of Thai native cattle (TNC). Methods: Infraspinatus (IF), Longissimus thoracis (LT), and Supraspinatus (SS) muscles were obtained from two TNC breeds, Kho-Lan (KL, n = 7) and Kho-Isaan (KI, n = 7). The muscle and meat characteristics of TNC breeds and their relationship with MyHC expression were examined. Results: Three MyHC isoforms namely MyHC I, MyHC IIa, and MyHC IIx were detected in the muscles. The KL had higher (p<0.05) MyHC IIx than the KI. The IF muscle had higher (p<0.05) MyHC I compared to other muscles. The LT muscle had the least MyHC I. The LT had higher (p<0.05) MyHC IIx than the IF and SS muscles. The IF presented the least MyHC IIx. The KL had higher (p<0.05) lightness and moisture content and lower crude protein, redness, cooking loss, shear force, and calpastatin than the KI. The glycogen, total collagen, soluble collagen, crude protein, ash contents, and troponin T degradation product of IF and SS were lower (p<0.05) than that of LT. Ether extract in LT was lower (p<0.05) than that of IF and SS. The percentage of MyHC I, MyHC IIa, and MyHC IIx were significantly correlated with muscle and meat characteristics of TNC. Conclusion: These results suggest that the differences in the MyHC isoforms may partly account for the variation in meat quality between breeds and among muscles of TNC.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.287-294
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• 2021

Background: Ginsenoside Rb1 (G-Rb1), one of the major active compounds in Panax ginseng, has already been shown to reduce inflammation in various diseases. Osteoarthritis (OA) has traditionally been considered a degenerative disease with degradation of joint articular cartilage. However, recent studies have shown the association of inflammation with OA. In the present study, we investigated whether Rb1 had an antiinflammatory effect on monoiodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA in ovariectomized rats as a model of postmenopausal arthritis. Methods: G-Rb1 at a dosage of 3 and 10 ㎍/kg body weight was administered every 3 days intraarticularly for a period of 4 weeks to observe antiarthritic effects. Diclofenac (10 mg/kg) served as a positive control. Results: The administration of Rb1 significantly ameliorated OA inflammatory symptoms and reduced serum levels of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, G-Rb1 administration considerably enhanced the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and collagen 2A and reduced the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-13 genes, indicating a chondroprotective effect of G-Rb1. G-Rb1 also significantly reduced the expression of several inflammatory cytokines/chemokines (interferon gamma (IFN-γ), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)/CCL-2, interleukin [IL]-1β, and IL-6). Histological analysis demonstrated that G-Rb1 significantly attenuated the pathological changes in MIA-induced OA in ovariectomized rats. Safranin O and toluidine blue staining further demonstrated that G-Rb1 effectively prevented the degradation of cartilage and glycosaminoglycans, respectively. Conclusion: Overall, our results suggest that G-Rb1 exerts cartilage protective effect on MIA-induced ovariectomized OA rats, by inhibiting inflammatory mediators such as IL-6, IL-1β, MCP-1/CCL-2, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE2). These results shed a light on possible therapeutic application of G-Rb1 in OA.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제56권8호
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• pp.424-431
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• 2018

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is an alkaline topical solution and it derives from the conjunction of silver nitrate and fluoride. It reduces the growth of cariogenic bacteria, inhibits degradation of dentinal collagen, impedes demineralization and enhances remineralization. It is inexpensive due to the low cost of materials and its application to dental surface is very simple and requires relatively short chair time. Previous studies have shown that the dental caries prevention effect of SDF is superior or similar to topical fluoride application. The main disadvantage of SDF is its esthetic result, and it permanently blacken carious enamel and dentin. The use of SDF has not yet been approved in Korea, but it may be helpful to prevent and treat dental caries in patients with special health care needs and uncooperative young patients.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.133.1-133.1
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• 2003

Cathepsin K (CK) is a cysteine protease that plays a major and essential role in osteoclast-mediated degradation of collagen matrix of bone. Its tissue-limited distribution and pivotal contribution to bone resorption meet the requirements as the potential therapeutic target of the disease with excessive bone loss such as osteoporosis. In a search for potent CK inhibitors. we found OST-5440 that effectively inhibited bone resorption in vivo as well as in vitro. (omitted)

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.68.3-69
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• 2003

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis by extracellular matrix degradation. To analyze the effect of DA-125, a anthracyclin derivative, on the invasion or metastasis of cancer cells the expression of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) was investigated in human fibrosarcoma HTl080 cells by RT-PCR or gelatin zymographic methods. As result, DA-125 suppressed the expression of MMP-2 and 9 as well as tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) TIMP-2 and MT1-MMP with a time- and dose-dependent manner. Inaddition, DA-125 inhibited cancer cell migration and colony formation, and also exhibited the inhibitory activities of invasion and motility with a matrigel and type I collagen assay. (omitted)

• 생명과학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.235-240
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• 1998

Matrix metalloproteinases(MMP)는 배발생 및 재조직화 등의 정상적인 생체형성과 관절염, 암전이, 치근막염, 골조송증 등의 질병과정에서 collagen이나 proteoglycan과 같은 세포외기질의 구성성분을 분해하는 아연(zinc)효소군이다. 지금까지 다양한 종에서 mmp의 유전자가 클로닝되고 그 기능이 연구되어 왔지만 아직 어류에서는 연구결과가 보고된 바가 없다. 본 연구에서는 한국의 부산연안에 많은 연골어유 투툽상어(Scylliorhinus toraxzame)로부터 RT-PCR(reverse transcriptase dependent polymerase chain reaction)의방법으로 mmp cDNA의 일부를 클로닝하였다. 이것은 염기서열에서 인간, 쥐 및 닭의 membrane type matrix matalloproteinase-3(mt3-mmps)의 염기서열과 74% 동일성을 보이며, 아미노산서열에서는 90%이상의 동일성을 갖고 있다. 또한 MMP에 나타나는 cysteine switch domain, zinc binding domain(HExGH motif), propeptide cleavage site, and RRKR motif등을 가지고 있다. 이러한 결과로부터 본 연구에서 클로닝된 RT-PCR단편은 두툽상어의 mt3-mmp 또는 이와 유사한 유전자의 cDNA이라 믿어진다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.560-567
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• 2018

In the present study, we tried to examine whether resveratrol regulates the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) through affecting nuclear factor-kappa B ($NF-{\kappa}B$) in articular chondrocytes. Rabbit articular chondrocytes were cultured in a monolayer, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure interleukin-${\beta}$ ($IL-1{\beta}$)-induced gene expression of MMP-3, MMP-1, MMP-13, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-4 (ADAMTS-4), ADAMTS-5 and type II collagen. Effect of resveratrol on $IL-1{\beta}$-induced secretion of MMP-3 was investigated in rabbit articular chondrocytes using western blot analysis. To elucidate the action mechanism of resveratrol, effect of resveratrol on $IL-1{\beta}$-induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ signaling pathway was investigated in SW1353, a human chondrosarcoma cell line, by western blot analysis. The results were as follows: (1) resveratrol inhibited the gene expression of MMP-3, MMP-1, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, and ADAMTS-5, but increased the gene expression of type II collagen; (2) resveratrol reduced the secretion of MMP-3; (3) resveratrol inhibited $IL-1{\beta}$induced activation (phosphorylation) of inhibitory kappa B kinase (IKK), and thus phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitory kappa $B{\alpha}$ ($I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$); (4) resveratrol inhibited $IL-1{\beta}$-induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65. This, in turn, led to the down-regulation of gene expression of MMPs in SW1353 cells. These results suggest that resveratrol can regulate the expression of MMPs through affecting $NF-{\kappa}B$ by directly acting on articular chondrocytes.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.231-242
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• 1994

자연 감염된 가재에서 폐흡충의 피낭유충을 분리하고 개에 경구 감염시켜 성충을 얻었다. 폐흡충 성충의 조효소를 ion-exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography와 gel filtration chromatoglaphy를 실시하여 cysteine proteinase를 순수 정제하였다. 이들 효소의 생화학적 특성과 분해능을 관찰하였으며. 효소면역전기영동이적법을 이용하여 순수 정제한 효소의 항원성을 관찰하였다. 정제된 효소는 저분자 합성기질인 CBZ-arg-arg-AFC 보다 CBZ-phe-arg-AFC에서 높은 활성을 보였으며. 이들 효소는 thiol-dependent이었다. 정제된 효소 및 조효소의 최적 pH는 5.5이었고. 최적 mole 농도는 0.1 M(0.1 M sodium citrate, pH 5.5)이었고, 이들 효소는 $4^{\circ}C$에서 48시간 동안 80%의 안정성을 보였다 정제된 효소의 native 분자량은 20.000 dalton이었고, SDS- PAGE상에 나타난 분자량은 17,500 dalton이었다 정제된 효소는 cysteine proteinase 특이 억제 인자인 E-64, lodoacetic acid, NEM에 의해 활성이 완전히 억제되었으며, serine proteinase, aspartic proteinase 및 metallo proteinase 특이 억제인자에 의해 활성이 억제되지 않았다. 정제된 효소는 collagen(Type I)과 hemoglobin을 분해하였고, 효소면역전기영동이적법으로 정제된 효소의 항원성을 확인하였다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2022

Objectives: Myrrh have been used as a traditional remedy to treat infectious and inflammatory diseases. However, it is largely unknown whether myrrh ethanol extract could exhibit the inhibitory activities against particulate matter (PM)-induced skin injury on human keratinocytes, HaCaT cells. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the inhibitory activity of myrrh ethanol extract on PM-induced skin injury in HaCaT cells. Methods: To investigate the inhibitory effects of myrrh ethanol extract in HaCaT cells, the skin injury model of HaCaT cells was established under PM treatment. HaCaT keratinocyte cells were pre-treated with myrrh ethanol extract for 1 h, and then stimulated with PM. Then, the cells were harvested to measure the cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL) 1-beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-𝛼, hyaluronidase, collagen, MMPs. In addition, we examined the mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and inhibitory kappa B alpha (I𝜅-B𝛼) as inhibitory mechanisms of myrrh ethanol extract. Results: The treatment of myrrh ethanol extract inhibited the PM-induced cell death and ROS production in HaCaT cells. In addition, myrrh ethanol extract treatment inhibited the PM-induced elevation of IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNF-𝛼. Also, myrrh ethanol extract treatment inhibited the increase of hyaluronidase, MMP and decrease of collagen. Furthermore, myrrh ethanol extract treatment inhibited the activation of MAPKs and the degradation of I𝜅-B𝛼. Conclusions: Our result suggest that treatment of myrrh ethanol extract could inhibit the PM-induced skin injury via deactivation of MAPKs and nuclear factor (NF)-𝜅B in HaCaT cells. This study could suggest that myrrh ethanol extract could be a beneficial agent to prevent skin damage or inflammation.