• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.18-22
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• 2009

Oxaliplatin is a tolerable and effective drug of choice in the treatment of advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. However, it has many dose-limiting neurotoxicities. This study was performed to assess the incidence and types of oxaliplatin-related neurotoxicities. Sixty-four patients receiving oxaliplatin-involved regimen as salvage therapy on metastatic gastric cancer or as the first-line therapy on advanced gastric cancer were evaluated during the period between September 1, 2006 and February 29, 2008. The patients were treated with oxaliplatin 100 $mg/m^2$ and leucovorin 100 $mg/m^2$ simultaneously as 2-hour-lasting infusion on Day-1 followed by 5-FU 1200 $mg/m^2$ as a 22-hour-lasting continuous infusion both on Day-1 and Day-2 by every other week. We developed questionnaires to evaluate patient-recognized neurotoxic symptoms rather than the observer-described events. Surveys were completed at bedside or via telephone interview. Acute and chronic neurotoxicities were graded according to the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria (NCI-CTC, version 3) as well as the Oxaliplatin-specific Neurotoxicity Scale. The Grade-3 neuropathy was reported in 19% of the patients (n=12) and grade-1/2 neuropathy occurred in 70% (n=45). The most common symptom was cold-related dysesthesia (83%) regarded as nociperception by the patients. Some patients (19%) experienced functional impairment affecting activities of daily living such as writing, buttoning, and walking. Even though 74% of the patients (42/57) were prescribed with gabapentin to reduce these peripheral symptoms, it did not appear to derive any benefit from this medication. It is suggested that notify the patients about their oxaliplatin-associated, debilitating symptoms, and educate them any self-care strategy at the initiating phase of the chemotherapy. Moreover, it needs to design the intervention studies regarding the prevention and management of the peripheral neuropathy.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2022

Objectives: Bee venom (BV) is a widely used therapy in Traditional East Asian Medicine (TEAM). We previously reported that BV was clinically effective for treating Parkinson's disease, that phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) was the main component of BV, and that it induced regulatory T cells (Tregs) by binding CD206 on dendritic cells (DCs). Therefore, we aimed to reconfirm our findings in human blood samples and investigate the relationship between CD206⁺ DCs and clinical syndrome differentiation in TEAM. Methods: We surveyed 100 subjects with questionnaires on cold-heat patternization and obtained their blood samples. The obtained human peripheral blood monocytes (hPBMCs) were washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). After resuspension with ex vivo media, numbers of cells were counted. Tregs were counted after culturing the samples in a 37℃ CO₂ incubator for 72 h. Results: We divided the subjects into a relatively high CD206⁺ group or a relatively low CD206⁺ group. The heat factor scores of high CD206⁺ group were significantly higher than that of low CD206⁺ group (high vs low: 239.2 ± 54.1 vs 208.4 ± 55.1, p=0.023). After culturing with PLA₂, Tregs increased in the high CD206⁺ group but decreased in the low CD206⁺ group. Conclusion: In this study, we reconfirm that CD206⁺ DCs induced Treg differentiation by incubating human blood samples with PLA₂ and that they showed an association with syndrome differentiation, especially with heat patterns, in TEAM. A heat pattern in TEAM might be one indication for PLA₂ therapy because its score was elevated in the high CD206⁺ group.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.173-182
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• 2014

Objectives : There are few reports on treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome in the field of traditional Korean medicine. The aim of this study is to report a case of a 29-year-old male patient diagnosed with thoracic outlet syndrome, whose symptoms were relieved after 3-week integrated Korean medical treatment. Methods : A patient diagnosed with thoracic outlet syndrome was admitted into the Korean medicine hospital. The patient had left shoulder pain and left arm numbness. The pain was worse if it had become cold. The patient was treated using Sa-am acupuncture(Daejangseunggyeok), sweet bee venom acupuncture, herbal medicine and other treatment including physical therapy from September 7th to 27th of 2012. Improvement of the patient's symptoms was evaluated by verbal numerical rating scale(VNRS), skin surface temperature difference between the left and right symmetric part of digital infrared thermographic image(DITI). Results : After 3-weeks of treatment, VNRS decreased and skin surface temperature difference between the left and right symmetric part of DITI showed moderate improvement. Conclusions : The results suggest that integrated Korean medical treatment may affect to reduce the symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome. Further study is needed to evaluate the importance of this report.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.7-12
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• 2016

Objectives : Secondary amenorrhoea is the absence of menses for three months in a woman with previously normal menstruation or nine months for women with a history of oligomenorrhoea. It can be caused by stress, extreme weight loss, and excessive exercise. The purpose of this study was to report the clinical effects of herbal medicine on secondary amenorrhoea.Methods : We employed oriental medical treatments; herbal - medication (Hyunburikyungtang gamibang), acupuncture and moxibustion. We treated the patients one or two times a month with oriental therapy method. They took medicine three times a day after a meal. During taking medicine, we let the patients avoid fatty food, flour based food and alcohol. We evaluated the status of the patient, on the basis of the state of menstration and F2 level of Yangdorak. Because we diagnosed the condition of patients with the pattern of liver depression and qi stagnation, so F2 level of Yangdorak was an important point of the diagnosis. Yangdorak machine was Tormeter Iw - zen at Towatech Co.,Ltd.Results : After taking treatment - several times acupuncture and moxibustion during some period and taking herbal-medicine, they had menstrain naturally without taking any hormone drug. Also the amount of menstration has gradually increased. The F2 level of Yangdorak returned to normal range. The feeling of cold on hands, feet and lower abdomen was much improved.Conclusions : Herbal medicine (Hyunburikyungtang gamibang) with oriental medical treatments, acupuncture and moxibustion was effective in the treatment of secondary amenorrhoea.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.277-288
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• 2013

Objectives This study was aimed to propose the guideline of the diarrhea in Sasang Constitutional Medicine. Methods 1) Literature search It was investigated that the prescriptions stated the diarrhea as a main and accessory symptoms to be treated in "Donguisasangshinpyun", "Donguisusebowon Sasang Chobongwon", "Donguisusebowon Gabobon", "Donguisusebowon Sinchukbon", "Dongmuyugo" 2) Clinial paper search (1) The foreign papers were searched by using the search word with 'Sasang AND Diarrhea' in pubmed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/) and The Cochrane Library(http://www.thecochranelibrary.com) (2) The domestic papers were searched by using the search word with 'Soeumin AND Diarrhea', 'Soyangin AND Diarrhea', 'Taeeumin AND Diarrhea', 'Taeyangin AND Diarrhea', 'Sasang AND Diarrhea' in NDSL (http://www.ndsl.kr), KISS(http://kiss.kstudy.com), Oasis(http://oasis.kiom.re.kr), RISS(http://www.riss.kr) (3) The extracted factors were the evaluations on the mainly complained symptom, adopted four constitutional therapy and efficacy. Results & Conclusions The guidelines for treating the diarrhea in the Four Constitutional Medicine are as follows. 1) It is to categorize the constitution. 2) The diarrhea of taeeumin is prescribed with 'A Series of Taeeumjowi-tang, Galgeunhaegi-tang, Cheongsimyeonja-tang, Sahyang-san, etc'. by classifying into cold, fever, consumption and addiction. 3) The diarrhea of soyangin is regarded as an internal disease and it is prescribed with 'Baekhaobuja-tang, Baekhaobujaijung-tang, etc'. by classifying taeeum symptom and so-yin symptom. 4) The diarrhea of soeumin is Mangeum-disease and 'Jeoryeongchajeonja-tang, Hyeongbangsabaek-san, Hwalseokgosam-tang, Hyeongbanggihwang-tang, etc'. is prescribed depending on the complication.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.95-116
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• 2017

Objective: Middle school girls who belonged to the concerned group in their school assessment were treated by sandplay for relieving their emotional and behavioral difficulties. The purpose of this study was to explore the change of the internal world of the girls through sandplay. Methods: Analytical psychology and sandplay theories were used for this exploration, especially Turner's (2005) content themes in sandplay. The participants were four first-grade girls. Pre-test measures, a 12-session sandplay program, and post-test measures were administered. Results: For the first girl, the initial phase was 1-6 (time trip), the intermediate phase was 7-9 (seeking for an inner island), and the final phase was 10-12 (seeking for a real stone). For the second girl, the initial phase was 1-5 (my heart was like cold weather), the intermediate phase was 6-10 (fallen, sick, and risen), and the final phase was 11-12 (trophy given to me). For the third girl, the initial phase was 1-5 (seeking for oasis), the intermediate phase was 6-10 (difficult trip for climbing with camel), and the final phase was 11-12 (discovering oasis). For the fourth girl, the initial phase was 1-3 (an island drowning shortly ), the intermediate phase was 4-10 (my unknowable mind), and the final phase was 11-12 (a tree growing well). Conclusion: This study showed psychological phenomena in the sandplay of four girls such as opposites and the union of masculinity and femininity as they explored their own identity. Drawing tests and counselling objects indicated positive changes; thus, these findings support the effectiveness of sandplay therapy for transforming the psyche of middle school girls.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.59-69
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• 2006

Objectives & Methods : I investigated 45 literature of Oriental and Western medicine about the treatment of pain in shoulder and arm. Result and Conclusion : 1. The etiological causes of Pain in Shoulder and Arm based on literatures of Oriental medicine are attack of wind-heat on the lung, wind cold, damp-heat struggle between the vital energy and pathogenic factor and six pathogenic factors. And all these causes are the conception of blockage syndrome, Qi and blood stagnating in meridian system. 2. The treatment of Pain in Shoulder and Arm based on Oriental medicine is mainly composed of both medical therapy for Bi syndrome due to pathogenic wind, deficiency of both Qi and blood, consumption of the liver and the spleen, and also acupuncture and moxibustion treatment by selection for acupoint. And those treatments are for treating etiology. And also there are treatments using the meridian system and Twelve Muscle Region and Ashihyeol for the purpose of treating the symptoms. 3. The etiological causes of Pain in Shoulder and Arm based on literatures of Western medicine are degenerative cut of tendon and nerve symptoms caused by tendonitis, bursitis, calcification, ruptured cervical disc and thoracic outlet syndrome. 4. The treatment of Pain in Shoulder and Arm based on Western medicine is for alleviation of pain, such as giving an anodyne, steroid products, local anesthetic injection and stretching and strengthening the muscles.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.173-185
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• 2009

Objectives : Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis(ALS) is a progressive disease that causes degeneration of the motor neurons of the brain and spinal cord. The purpose of this case study is to improvement of oriental mediacl treatment on ALS. Methods : The patients were treated by acupuncture, moxibustion, cupping therapy, herbal medication, physical treatment. To determine the effects of Oriental medical treatment, we evaluated weekly used by Korean version of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised(K-ALSFRS-R), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Severity Scale(ALSSS). Results : Symptoms such as cervical and shoulder pain, knee pain, cold sweating, insomnia etc were improved after above treatment. But K-ALSFRS-R and ALSSS were no improvement after above treatment. Conclusions : The Oriental medical treatment is effective on local symptoms of ALS, but there were no functional improvement of ALS in this case study. It is necessary to have more examination about ALS.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.97-110
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• 2011

Rhinitis, inflammation of the nasal cavity caused by the disease in our country that a recent trend is the rapidly increasing number of patients. It causes multiple complications and interfere with daily life and social life in case of being viewed as a mild cold. The rhinitis treatment for symptomatic therapy in modern medicine is staying because the situation is exposing the limitations. so traditional medicine is trying to find a solution but that is not easy. In modern medicine, rhinitis is defined as a set of histological lesions and clinical symptoms, but traditional medicine has developed in dealing with each symptoms in disease. The treatment that doesn't distinguish any treatment in growing numbers of patients does not seem to validate, because doctors treat without considering the difference of recognition. Looking at the symptoms for each, I found that each symptoms and causes are varied according to doctors and era. In spite of considering all of that in treatment, it was ignored or underestimated in modern medicine. Furthermore, in traditional medicine, they just conjugated certain period theory and only had limited treatment by a lack of integrated awareness about definition and mechanism. In addition, in case of mentioning about the causes of prescription in each medical books, there were not enough explain about pathological states. Therefore, these causes should be made to further the research about the validity, pathogenesis and treatment. We can see that theory could be established and modified by the accumulation of clinical experience, observations through classification by each of the causes, prescription and treatment. In traditional medicine simply does not pay attention only to nasal inflammation, such as the impact of Meridian and organs considered to have focused on the fundamental treatment. This increased immune resistance to the modern rhinitis patients may offer new therapeutic approaches. I hope this paper would be helpful to find the treatment with uncovered theory in modern medicine.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.196-203
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• 2005

Gunggui-tang has been used for the therapy of blood disorders in Hangbang medicine for long time. Also, Glycyrrhiza uralensis has been used for deficientblood patterns with an irregular pulse or palpitations, coughing and wheezing, and heat or cold in the lungs. Melanogenesis is a physiological process resulting in the synthesis of melanin pigments. We investigated whether the water extract of Gunggui-tang plus G. uralensis inhibited melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells. Because the molecular events connecting the regulation in tyrosinase activity remain to be elucidated, we also aimed to determine whether Gunggui-tang gamibang(GTG) affects tyrosinase at the gene activation level in the cells. First, we showed that GTG inhibited the tyrosinase promoter activity and further, down-regulated the tyrosinase protein activity in ${\alpha}-melanocyte-stimulating$ hormone $({\alpha}-MSH)-treated$ B16 melanoma cells. GTG also resulted in a decrease of melanin content in MSH-induced melanogenesis, indicating that GTG may be a useful drug in studying the regulation of melanogenesis. The pretreatment of GTG significantly prevented phosphotransferase activity of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK1) and transcriptional activation of activating protein-1 (AP-1) in MSH-treated B16 melanoma cells. These findings indicate that GTG inhibits melanogenesis of B16 melanoma cells via suppression of phosphotransferase activity of JNK1 and transcriptional activation of AP-1.