• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2022

Objectives This study aimed to examine the differences in the distribution of metabolic syndrome(MetS) and cold hypersensitivity in the hands and feet(CHHF) according to Sasang constitution, and to determine whether CHHF and MetS have an inverse association. Methods MetS and its components, CHHF, Sasang constitution data from 1,998 participants in the Korean medicine Daejeon Citizen Cohort study(KDCC) were obtained. The participants were divided into a non-CHHF(n = 1,270, 63.6%), intermediate(n = 220, 11.0%) and CHHF(n = 508, 25.4%) group according to the thermal sensitivity questionnaire. Sasang constitution was diagnosed by Korea Sasang Constitutional Diagnostic Questionnaire(KS-15). One-way ANOVA and the chi-square test were used for participants' general characteristics and thermal sensitivity and MetS related factors. ANCOVA and logistic regression were used to compare the differences and the odds ratios(ORs) for MetS and its components. Results The MetS and CHHF prevalence rates of the Taeeumin, Soeumin, and Soyangin were 27.6%, 3.8%, 7.7%, and 18.3%, 42.3%, 26.4% respectively. The ANCOVA for MetS components showed that the waist circumference was significantly lower in the CHHF group as compared to the non-CHHF group in total and Soyangin. The logistic regression for MetS prevalence showed that CHHF had a significant inverse association in total(OR = 0.611) and Taeeumin(OR = 0.521). Conclusions The MetS prevalence had the highest in Taeeumin, followed by Soyangin and Soeumin, while the prevalence of CHHF was highest in Soeumin, followed by Soyangin and Taeeumin. In addition, it was confirmed that CHHF and MetS had an inverse association independently.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.401-407
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• 2004

Purpose : This study investigated reliability of Oriental DB & GY(obstetrics & gynecology) Questionnaires's items which was used by Dong-Eui OB & GY through analysis of oriental OB & GY books. Method : This study investigated differentiation of syndrome through analysis of oriental OB & GY book's. Result: This study investigated differentiation of syndrome through analysis of oriental OB & GY disease and pathogenesis. This study's pathogenesis was such that deficiency of Ki, deficiency of blood, stagnation of Ki, stagnated blood, deficiency of Yang, deficiency of Um, cold syndrome, heat syndrome, dampness, dryness, phlegm, kidney, liver, heart, spleen, wind, lung. We except lung from Questionnaires's pathogenesis because it is stuck for importance. We except wind from Questionnaires's pathogenesis because it is stuck for preguence. Oriental OB & GY Questionnaires's pathogenesis consist of 15 items such that deficiency of Ki, deficiency of blood, stagnation of Ki, stagnated blood, deficiency of Yang, deficiency of Um, cold syndrome, heat syndrome, dampness, dryness, phlegm, kidney, liver, heart, spleen. Oriental OB & GY Questionnaires construct pathogenesis's question and guide post through we examined it's reasonableness.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.49-105
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• 2007

Objectives : Select and analyze the case record of dyspnea and wheezing asthma recorded in Xu Ming Yi Lei An that is the most abundant and wide in contents in existing case records that are systematic, comprehending relatively modern Traditional Chinese Medicine to secure more deep and objective basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine approach for dyspnea and wheezing asthma to analyze and review possibility for clinical application in this study. Methods: The study was conducted with the case records of dyspnea and wheezing asthma in whole Xu Ming Yi Lei An. Pattern identify and classify selected case records and again classified with deficiency syndrome and excess syndrome. Also analyzed prescriptions and herbs used in the case records. Nature of herbs and properties and flavors that were used in the case records were classified and frequency of each nature of herbs were analyzed. Applicable case records were interpreted and suggested prescriptions, pulse feelings, pattern classification were analyzed and described. Results : Among the 5254 case records stated on the complete collection, it is researched that there are 63 case records for the symptom complex of dyspnea as 1.2% of the whole case records, and the case records on the symptom complex of wheezing asthma are 14 as the 0.27% of the total examples. 63 case record examples related with symptom complex of dyspnea were pattern identified and classified. As a result, deficiency syndrome of the Kidney(33 %), deficiency syndrome of the Spleen(26.0%), Wind-Cold(12.3%), phlegm turbidity(12.3%), Heat in the Lung(8.2%), asthenia of the Lung(8.2%) were investigated as above order. 14 case record examples related with wheezing asthma were pattern identified and classified. As a result, phlegm-Heat(26.3%), upper excess and lower deficiency(26.3%), external affections Wind-Cold(15.8%), Dampness-phlegm(10.5%), Lung asthenia(10.5%), Cold phlegm(5.3%), mutual deficiency and detriment of Heart and Kidneys(5.3%) were investigated as above order. Symptom complex of dyspnea has 67.1% of deficiency syndrome, 32.9% of excess syndrome resulting more deficiency syndrome than excess syndrome. Symptom complex of wheezing asthma has 42.1 % of deficiency syndrome and 57.9% of excess syndrome resulting more excess syndrome than deficiency syndrome. In case of symptom complex of dyspnea prescription used in the case record, the order of frequency is as following. Palmijihwang-tang, Bojung-ikgitang, Yungmijihwang-tang, Ijintang, Sojaganggitang, Igongsan. In case of symptom complex of wheezing asthma prescription in the case record, Yungmijihwang-tang, Ohotang, Dodamtang were mostly used. Herbs used in case records of symptom complex of dyspnea are Ginseng Radix, Poria, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Aconiti Iateralis Preparata Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Rehmanniae Radix Preparat, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens are mostly used. Nature of herb properties used for symptom complex of dyspnea and symptom complex of wheezing asthma are herbs that are warm properties. When the symptom complex of dyspnea and the symptom complex of wheezing asthma were treated. if the patient felt tenderness at Pyesu, doctors conducted pricking blood around the opposite Pyesu or Sipseon acupoint. when the patient didn't have tenderness at Pyesu by soft press, pricking blood was performed both sidees, right and left Pyesu. In case of the treatment of symptom complex of dyspnea and symptom complex of wheezing asthma, when they got treatment, when the symptom complex of disease is severe, a doctor cauterized the opposite Pyesu while the other Pyesu felt tenderness, and decided how the above treatment is performed whether the degree of the symptom compolex of disease is severe or not. In case of the treatment of symptom complex of dyspnea and symptom complex of wheezing asthma, if the person felt tenderness at Pyesu and is caught by the Wind-Cold pathogen, slight acupuncture is treated at relevant Pyesu with Fire needling. When patient with symptom complex of dyspnea and symptom complex of wheezing asthma cannot hawk sputum up from the oral and laryngopharynx, suction method is treated. Conclusion : With this study, actual traditional and clinical pattern identification form and characteristics of symptom complex of dyspnea and symptom complex of wheezing asthma were recognized. Modern case report utilizing in clinical application need to be secured and an incurable disease asthma need to be diagnosed and improvement for treatments have to be searched through other case records.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.263-270
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to investigate the diagnosis and treatment of Raynaud disease such as syndrome differentiation and herbal medicine by reviewing Chinese traditional medicine's journals. The journal search was carried out using China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) and PubMed from January 2008 to August 2013. Searching key words were the various combination of "Raynaud disease", "traditional chinese medicine", "syndrome differentiation", "herbal medicine". The final selection of 38 studies were selected and summarized by researchers. The syndrome differentiation was classified as yang deficiency and cold syncope, qi stagnation and blood stasis. The most frequently prescribed herbal medication was Dangguisinitang.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.145-165
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• 1998

We inquired into the prescription including Radix Aconiti(附子) on the records of the past. According to the role of Radix Aconiti(附子), we can divide into four group. (1) In the case of excess in the upper and deficiency in the lower(上盛下虛), heat in the upper and cold in the lower(上熱下寒), Radix Aconiti(附子) supplies the fire from the gate of life(命門火) and the fire of deficiency type(虛火) is recurred into the origine(根源) by it. (2) In the case that Yang(陽) is kept externally by Yin(陰)-excess in the interior(陰盛格陽), and there is heat syndrome in the exterior with cold syndrome in the interior(裏寒外熱), Radix Aconiti(附子) can remove cold(祛寒) and revitalizes(回陽). (3) In the case of the heat of excess type syndrome(實熱證), Radix Aconiti(附子) treats heat-syndrome(熱證) with heat-clearing(淸熱) drug. (4) In the case of wind-syndrome(風證) and phlegm-syndrome(痰證), Radix Aconiti(附子) supplies the kidney-Yang(元陽) and promotes movement of the other drugs. According to frequency in use of drugs, we can divide into four group. (1) In e case of the fire of deficiency type(虛火), Radix Aconiti(附子) is used with drugs of invigorating-Yin(補陰), invigorating-Yang(補陽) and diuresis(利水), such as Rhizoma rehmanniae(熟地黃), Cortex cinnamomi(肉桂), Fructus comi(山茱萸), Poria, etc. (2) In the case that Yang is kept externally by Yin(陰)-excess in the interior(陰盛格陽), Radix Aconiti(附子) is used with drugs of dispelling cold(祛寒) and revitalization(回陽), such as Rhizoma zingiberis siccatum(乾薑), Radix glycyrrhizae(甘草), Radix ginseng(人蔘), etc. (3) In the case of the heat of excess type syndrome(實熱證), Radix Aconiti(附子) is used with drugs of heat-clearing(淸熱), such as Rhizoma coptidis(黃蓮). (4) In the case of wind-syndrome(風證) and phlegm-syndrome(痰證), Radix Aconiti(附子) is used with drugs of dispersing(發散), invigorating(補氣), enriching the blood(補血), removing the phlegm(去痰), heat-clearing(淸熱). such as Radix oxterici koreani(羌活), Radix ledebouriellae(防風), Radix ginseng(人蔘), Radix angelicae gigantis(當歸), etc. Especially in many of cases, Radix Aconiti(附子) is used with drugs of nourishing-Yin(滋陰), but it is hardly used with drugs of treating middle-jiao energy(中氣).

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.857-866
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• 2002

The main current in the pathology of oriental medicine is composed of etiologic factor, pathogenesis and clinical manifestation. The access of a disease is consist of etiologic factor, location of the lesion, nature of the disease and patient's condition. The nature of disease and the property of a drug are inseparably related to each other. The nature of disease is composed of six exogenous factors, cold and heat, deficiendy and excess, Yinyang and pain. Cold nature is divided into cold symptom due to excess and asthenia cold, fever nature is divided into sthenic fever and asthenic fever. According to the location, cold and heat can be subdivided into heat in the upper and cold in the lower, cold in the upper and heat in the lower, exterior cold and interior heat, exterior heat and interior cold. Yin syndrome characterized by hypofunction of the viscera is generated from insufficiency of yang-qi, excess of yin-coldness, deficiency of both qi and the blood.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.93-103
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• 2012

Objectives Rate of gastroesophageal reflux disease accompanied by irritable bowel syndrome is on the increase. This case study reports significant improvement of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and irritable bowel syndrome who had suffered from chest pain, globus pharyngis and diarrhea after taking Sasang constitutional treatment. Methods This patient was diagnosed as Large Yin type Esophagus Cold pattern(Taeeumin Wiwanhanjeung). Herb medicine(Jowiseungcheong-tang) was taken by the patient, three or two times per day during treatment periods. We assessed the changes of the main symptoms such as chest pain, globus pharyngis, defecation discomfort, insomnia et al. using visual analogue scale(VAS). Results The symptoms of chest pain, globus pharyngis, defecation discomfort, insomnia decreased from VAS 7~8 to VAS 0~1 for about three months. Conclusions This case shows that Sasang constitutional medicine treatment can be effective treatment method for gastroesophageal reflux disease accompanied by irritable bowel syndrome.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.27-41
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• 2009

1. Objectives : This research was proposed to find our the pathology of Soeumin in Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM). 2. Methods : The related contents of the pathology of Soeumin were selected in Je-Ma Lee's literatures such as "Dongmu-YuGo(東武遺稿)"(DYG), "Donguisusebowon-SaSangchobongyun(東醫壽世保元四象草本卷)"(DSS), "Donguisusebowon-GabObon(東醫壽世保元甲午本)"(DGO), "Donguisusebowon-ShinChukbon(東醫壽世保元辛丑本)"(DSC), and the research was written in order to find out the physiology and pathology of Soeumin in SCM. 3. Results and Conclusions : The chronical change of pathologic concept in Soeumin diseases as follows: Pathology in Soeumin diseases was much Cold Qi(寒氣), and more descending Qi, less ascending Qi in DYG, DSS. In "Discourse on the viscera and bowels" of DGO and DSC, Soeumin has a circulation of Water-Food Hot Qi of Spleen Group(脾黨) and Water-Food Cold Qi of Kidney Group(腎黨). Exterior Disease(表病) was the injury of Exterior-Qi such as eye-shoulder Qi(目膂氣) by Pleasure-Nature-Qi(樂性氣), and Interior Disease(裏病) was the injury of Interior-Qi such as spleen-stomach Qi(脾胃氣) by Joy-Emotion-Qi(喜情氣). All diseases of Soeumin are caused by insufficient Warm Yang Qi(陽煖之氣) in Spleen Group(脾黨), so the pathology of Soeumin was focused on Requisite energy(保命之主) and each small viscera and bowels(偏小之臟). In this viewpoint, the schema of Soeumin diseases such as Ulkwang-syndrome(鬱狂證), Mangyang-syndrome(亡陽證), Taeum-syndrome(太陰證) and Soeum-syndrome(少陰證) were designed to explain the mechanism of each syndrome.

• 월간산업보건
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• s.249
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• pp.67-71
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• 2009

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.595-604
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• 2003

We study on the HYUN-GOG's main principles of Differentiation of Syndromes. HYUN-GOG insisted upon the main principles of Differentiation of Syndromes based on the individual-physiology. The system of Differentiation of Syndromes was composed of the Korean oriental medicine's physiological system. The main principles of Differentiation of Syndromes was mutually explained for the standpoint of eight principal syndromes(differentiation of pathological conditions in accordance with the eight principal syndromes) and the system of Syndrome-complexes based on the physiological system. BON-HER(original deficiency-syndrome), BON-HAN(original cold excess-syndrome), BON-YEOL(original heat excess-syndrome), the three representative syndrome-complexes is previously carried out the details of Differentiation of Syndromes. And the oriental medicine history was rearranged centering around the theory of Differentiation of Syndromes by HYUN-GOG. The theory of Syndrome-complexes was closely connected with prescription by the presentation of the basic organical prescription for the three representative syndrome-complexes.