• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.323-332
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• 2014

The Nobi fault zone, which generated the 1891 Nobi Earthquake (M8.0), includes five or six faults distributed in and around Gifu and Aichi prefectures, Japan. Because large cities are located near the fault zone (e.g., Gifu and Nagoya), and because the zone will likely be reactivated in the future, relatively thorough surveys have been conducted on the 1891 Nobi earthquake event, examining the fault geometry, house collapse rate, and the magnitude and distribution of earthquake intensity and fault displacement. In this study, we calculated the earthquake slip along faults in the Nobi fault zone by applying a 3D numerical analysis. The analysis shows that a zone with slip displacements of up to 100 mm included all areas with house collapse rates of 100%. In addition, the maximum vertical displacement was approximately ${\pm}1700mm$, which is in agreement with the ${\pm}1400mm$ or greater vertical displacements obtained in previous studies. The analysis yielded a fault zone with slip displacements of > 30 mm that is coincident with areas in which house collapse rates were 60% of more. The analysis shows that the regional slip sense was coincident with areas of uplift and subsidence caused by the Nobi earthquake.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.145-148
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• 2016

Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a rare and potentially fatal condition characterized by skin rash, fever, eosinophilia, and multiorgan involvement. Various drugs may be associated with this syndrome including carbamazepine, allopurinol, and sulfasalazine. Renal involvement in DRESS syndrome most commonly presents as acute kidney injury due to interstitial nephritis. An 11-year-old boy was referred to the Children's Hospital of Pusan National University because of persistent fever, rash, abdominal distension, generalized edema, lymphadenopathy, and eosinophilia. He previously received vancomycin and ceftriaxone for 10 days at another hospital. He developed acute kidney injury with nephrotic range proteinuria and hypocomplementemia. A subsequent renal biopsy indicated the presence of acute tubular necrosis (ATN) and late exudative phase of postinfectious glomerulonephritis (PIGN). Systemic symptoms and renal function improved with corticosteroid therapy after the discontinuation of vancomycin. Here, we describe a biopsy-proven case of severe ATN that manifested as a part of vancomycin-induced DRESS syndrome with coincident PIGN. It is important for clinicians to be aware of this syndrome due to its severity and potentially fatal nature.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.493-507
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• 2018

Due to high spatio-temporal variability of amount and optical/microphysical properties of atmospheric aerosols, satellite-based observations have been demanded for spatiotemporal monitoring the major aerosols. Observations of the heavy aerosol episodes and determination on the dominant aerosol types from a geostationary satellite can provide a chance to prepare in advance for harmful aerosol episodes as it can repeatedly monitor the temporal evolution. A new geostationary observation sensor, namely the Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI), onboard the Himawari-8 platform, has been observing high spatial and temporal images at sixteen wavelengths from 2016. Using observed spectral visible reflectance and infrared brightness temperature (BT), the algorithm to find major aerosol type such as volcanic ash (VA), desert dust (DD), polluted aerosol (PA), and clean aerosol (CA), was developed. RGB color composite image shows dusty, hazy, and cloudy area then it can be applied for comparing aerosol detection product (ADP). The CALIPSO level 2 vertical feature mask (VFM) data and MODIS level 2 aerosol product are used to be compared with the Himawari-8/AHI ADP. The VFM products can deliver nearly coincident dataset, but not many match-ups can be returned due to presence of clouds and very narrow swath. From the case study, the percent correct (PC) values acquired from this comparisons are 0.76 for DD, 0.99 for PA, 0.87 for CA, respectively. The MODIS L2 Aerosol products can deliver nearly coincident dataset with many collocated locations over ocean and land. Increased accuracy values were acquired in Asian region as POD=0.96 over land and 0.69 over ocean, which were comparable to full disc region as POD=0.93 over land and 0.48 over ocean. The Himawari-8/AHI ADP algorithm is going to be improved continuously as well as the validation efforts will be processed by comparing the larger number of collocation data with another satellite or ground based observation data.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.207-215
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• 2002

Ocean color properties can be quantified by the relationship between the band ratios of the sensor on the ocean color satellites and the measured field ocean color parameters, A tool to determine the abundance of primary organism using the observed ocean color properties from satellite is presented. Coincident to ocean color satellite passes over the Korean waters, the research vessels were deployed to survey the East Sea, the South Sea and the West Sea around the Korean waters, We have been able to have more than 101) data sets containing coincident in situ chlorophyll a and the estimated chlorophyll a derived from SeaWiFS (Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor) from february, 1999 to October, 2001. We were able to develop three proper regional algorithms for the East Sea, the South Sea and the West Sea of the Korean peninsula to estimate chlorophyll a, and set up regional algorithms to quantify the suspended solid in the southern sea of the Korean peninsula, Futhermore we were successful in finding out a simple way of estimating chlorophyll a in the turbid water (Case 2 water) using the relationship between in situ chlorophyll a and the estimated chlorophyll a from the processed level 2 data, using the NASA's global algorithm.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.778-786
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• 2006

In Korea, the ozone profiles have been acquired by using ozonesonde at Pohang station of the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) since 1995. These ozone soundings were performed at 0500 UTC on a weekly basis (every Wednesday) in a clear sky. The ozonesonde is equipped with the model 5A ECC sensor, which is one of the most common ozonesonde systems. There have been no attempts to evaluate the Pohang ozonesonde profiles compared with satellite. This paper will provide the first evaluation results for the ozonesonde profiles against HALogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) measurements over Korea. During 1995-2004 periods, a total of 450 and 188 ozone profiles were obtained from the ozonesonde measurements from HALOE measurements over Korea, respectively. Hence, a total of 34 coincident profile pairs are extracted. Among those total profiles, 26 profiles from ozonesonde are compared against nearly coincident HALOE measurements in time and space. For ozone profiles, the results of statistical analyses showed that the best agreement between two measurements occurs in the 20-25 km and 30-35 km region, where the mean and RMS percent differences are less than ${\pm}5$ and 14%, respectively. For temperature profiles, the mean and RMS percent differences in 20-25 km region are estimated to be about -0.1 and 1.7%, respectively. According to the scatter plots between two measurements, ozone data are strongly correlated each other above 20 km altitude range with more than 0.8 correlation coefficients. It is found that the altitude (pressure level) differences between two measurements would mainly lead to the discrepancy (over 40% below 18 km) below 20 km in ozone profiles.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.20 no.2 s.69
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• pp.59-65
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• 2006

Steel, as a reinforcing mechanism in concrete, provides the tensile strength that is lacking in concrete, alone, and the high alkaline environment (pH 12.5) in concrete offers satisfactory protection against most corrosion of the steel. However, the corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete can occur by chloride attack or carbonation, and it can cause a loss of integrity a section and concrete failure through cracking and spalling. In this study, a transient electro magnetic method (TEM) of a nondestructive technique is adapted to study the measuring method of steel corrosion in mortar. The sensor was made of an enameled wire, with a diameter of 0.25mm and anacril. He sensor configuration used was a coincident loop type. The secondary electro motive force (2nd EMF) was measured with SIROTEMIII, which equipped the accelerator. The accelerator allowsthe transmitter to turn off approximately $10\sim15$ times faster than normal. The high-resolution time series, used for very shallow or a high resistivity investigation was selected. After steels were corroded by the salt spray, during 4, 8, 15 and 25 days, they were embedded in mortar. The content results acquired in this study are as follows. The variation of the secondary electro motive force (2nd EMF) was shown by the change of steel surface with different corrosion time steel. It was confirmed that measurement of steel corrosion in mortar by a transient electro-magnetic method (TEM) can be possible.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.71-81
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• 2008

In the paper, we designed a context aware task-role based access control system(CAT-RACS) which can control access and prevent illegal access efficiently for various information systems in ubiquitous computing environment. CAT-RACS applied CA-TRBAC, which adds context-role concept for achieve policy composition by context information and security level attribute to be kept confidentiality of information. CA-TRBAC doesn't permit access when context isn't coincident with access control conditions, or role and task's security level aren't accord with object's security level or their level is a lower level, even if user's role and task are coincident with access control conditions. It provides security services of user authentication and access control, etc. by a context-aware security manager, and provides context-aware security services and manages context information needed in security policy configuration by a context information fusion manager. Also, it manages CA-TRBAC policy, user authentication policy, and security domain management policy by a security policy manager.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.2E
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• pp.53-58
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• 1998

In this paper, we study the response of several anisotropic systems to buried transient line loads. The problem is mathematically formulated based on the equations of motion in the constitutive relations. The load is in form of a normal stress acting with arbitrary axis on the plane of monoclinic symmetry. Plane wave equation is coupled with vertical shear wave, longitudinal wave and horizontal shear wave. We first considered the equation of motion in reference coordinate system, where the line load is coincident with symmetry axis of the orthotrioic material. Then the equation of motion is transformed with respect to general coordiante system with azimuthal angle by using transformation tensor. The load is first described as a body force in the equations of the motion for the infinite media and then it is mathematically characterized. Subsequently the results for semi-infinite spaces is also obtained by using superposition of the infinite medium solution together with a scattered solution from the free surface. Consequently explicit solutions for the displacements are obtained by using Cargniard-DeHoop contour. Numerical results which are drawn from concrete examples of orthotropic material belonging to monoclinic symmetry are demonstrated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2003.03a
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• pp.265-272
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• 2003

In this study, the rock mass classification results from the face mapping and the resistivity inversion data are compared and analyzed for the reliability investigation of the determination of the rock support type based on the surface electrical survey. To get the quantitative correlation, rock engineering indices such as RCR(rock condition rating), N(Rock mass number), Q-system based on RMR(rock mass rating) are calculated. Kriging method as a post processing technique for global optimization is used to improve its resolution. The result of correlation analysis shows that the geological condition estimated from 2D electrical resistivity survey is coincident globally with the trend of rock type except for a few local areas. The correlation between the results of 3D electrical resistivity survey and the rock mass classification turns out to be very high. It can be concluded that 3D electrical resistivity survey is powerful to set up the reliable rock support type.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.169-176
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• 2014

Counting processes are widely used in many fields, whose properties are determined by the intensity function. For estimation of the parameters of the intensity functions when the process is observed continuously over a fixed interval, the likelihood function is of interest. However in the literature there are only heuristic derivations and some results are not coincident. We thus in this note derive the likelihood function of the counting process in a rigorous way. So this note fill up a hole in derivation of the likelihood function.