• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.136-144
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• 2011

The purpose of this research is to analyze the manifestation of children's color education in the software in order to evaluate conditions of color education as well as improvement of its direction. The procedure and method of the research is begun from evaluating the characteristic of children's developmental stage, content analysis of the nation's organization of color education and analysis and evaluation of education program through the investigation on 8 different softwares in reward for the tournament. The results are as followings; First, the research shows that the elementary school stage of color education is inadequate in comparison to children's cognitive developmental stage. Second, most of the color theory was composed of characteristic of a color, stimulation of emotion and effects of psychology. Considering of children's cognitive development, it is necessary to make up for the basic of color theory and the system of color. Third, Softwares of color education program for 1 st. and 2nd grade in elementary school was so rare that it should be properly developed and made for systematic contents. Fourth, color education for the 5th and 6th grade children remained in understanding basic characteristics of the color which is below the par and brings the necessity for more professional and structural contents.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2017

Objective: Elderly people with dementia experience not only cognitive dysfunction but also motor function deficits, such as balance and gait impairments. Recently, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been used to reduce pain as well as to control muscle spasm, spasticity and motor performance in various types of subjects. The purpose of this study determined the effect of a single trial TENS on balance and gait function in elderly people with dementia. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Methods: Twenty-two subjects with dementia were assigned to the TENS group (n=12) and ten subjects were assigned to the control group (n=10) randomly. Subjects were classified into two groups: the TENS group (n=12) and the placebo-TENS group (n=10). The TENS group had electrical stimulation applied on the calf muscle for 15 minutes, while the placebo-TENS group had not received real electrical stimulation. The timed up and go test (TUG) and functional reach test (FRT) were used to measure the balance function, and the 10 meters walk test (MWT) and 6MWT were used to assess gait ability. All tests were performed before and after intervention under a single-blinded condition. Results: After intervention, there were significant improvements in TUG, FRT, 10MWT, and 6MWT results in the TENS group (p<0.05), while the placebo-TENS group did not show significant changes in all outcome measurements. There were also differences in all tests between the two groups at post-measurements (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that a single trial TENS application on the calf may be used to improve balance and gait function in elderly people with dementia.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.164-168
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• 2017

Purpose: Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a device that activates the sensorimotor cortex through electrodes attached to the surface of the skin. However, it is difficult to expect positive changes if the recipient is not attentive to the motion. To complement the perceived cognitive limitations of FES, we attempted to investigate the changes of sensorimotor cortex activity by simultaneously providing action observation with FES. Methods: Electroencephalogram was measured in 28 healthy volunteers. Relative band power over the sensorimotor cortex was analyzed and compared in three conditions: during rest, during FES alone, during action observation with FES. Results: The results showed significant differences in each relative band power. Relative alpha power and relative beta power were the lowest by application of FES combined with action observation, while the relative gamma power was the highest. Conclusion: These results suggest that combining FES with observation could be more effective than FES alone in neurorehabilitation.

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.27-38
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• 2017

As the use of digital media is becoming more universal and is being used in early-childhood education, understanding the effects of digital media on development is required. The purpose of this study was to examine whether child performance on a spatial cognition task depends on the type of media used to present the task and if the effect of media type is different depending on child's age and sex. To do this, a spatial cognition task set (consisting of direction, rotation, symmetry, conjugation, and part/whole tasks) was prepared, and these tasks were presented to 60 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children using paper- and tablet-based measures. Our results showed that the correct answer rate of task performance differed significantly when completing the task on a tablet than when completing the task on paper. Generally, response times when completing the tasks on a tablet was significantly shorter than when completing the tasks on paper. Although there was no interaction between the type of media and age, and partial interaction was found between the type of media and sex. This result implies an influence of digital stimulation on child performance on the spatial cognitive task. This study provides a basic understanding for follow-up studies to examine the consequences of exposure to digital stimulation.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.499-515
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• 2020

This study develops and empirically tests a comprehensive model of consumers' brand page experiences that illuminates dynamics among perceived values (practical value, stimulation, enjoyment, and social identification), brand page engagement dimensions (cognitive engagement, affective engagement, and behavioral engagement) and brand loyalty. An online survey was employed for data collection. We collected 358 usable responses for data analysis. Structural equation modeling results show that three dimensions of perceived values (practical value, perceived enjoyment, and social identification) positively affect brand engagement dimensions, while perceived stimulation affects affective engagement only. As for the roles of brand page engagement, affective and behavioral engagement positively influence brand loyalty. This study demonstrates how consumers' perceived values of brand page experience influence each dimension of brand page engagement and how each dimension has a different impact on brand loyalty. The results of this study provide substantive contributions to the consumers' brand page experience and engagement literature and brand page management on social media for developing brand loyalty.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2022

본 연구는 국외 경도인지장애 노인의 우울증상을 위한 비약물적 중재에 대한 특성과 효과를 분석하기 위해 무작위 대조군 실험연구에 대한 체계적 고찰을 시행하였다. 3개의 검색 데이터베이스를 사용하여 2011년 1월부터 2021년 7월까지 출간된 문헌을 분석하였다. 총 1,455편의 문헌이 검색되어 총 11편의 문헌을 최종 분석하였다. 문헌의 질 평가는 Risk of bias(RoB)를 사용하였다. 우울증상 평가도구는 Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS)이 가장 많이 사용되었다. 분석된 문헌에서 사용된 중재는 요가, 심리사회적 중재, 인지훈련, 건강교육, 다중요소 중재, 게임훈련, 유산소/심폐물리치료, 미술치료, 음악회상 활동, 기억특이성 훈련, 인지자극, 수면교육이 적용되었다. 그 중 요가, 다중요소 중재, 게임훈련이 우울증상 개선에 효과적이었다. 본 연구는 경도인지장애 노인의 우울증상에 대한 중재계획 및 실행에서 임상적 근거를 제시하였다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2013

목적 : 본 연구는 노년층의 여성에게 신맥(BL62), 조해(KI6)혈에 대한 저주파자극이 뇌파에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보고 뇌 기능을 개선하는데 비화학적이고 비침습적인 자극 방법의 후보로써 가능성을 탐구해보고자 실시된 탐색적 연구이다. 방법 : 31명의 건강한 여성 피험자(평균연령, 54.5세)를 대상으로 이중맹검 무작위배정 임상연구가 12세션동안 실시되었다. 시험군에서는 감지할 수 없는 최대의 저주파자극이 실시되었으며(평균전류량, $0.04{\mu}A$), 대조군에서는 거짓자극이 실시되었다. 결과분석을 위해 12세션을 전후로 배경뇌파가 측정되었다. 결과 : 12세션의 자극이 실시된 후 대조군에 비해 실험군의 알파파 상대값은 11채널에서 유의한 증가를 보였으며(p<0.05), 감마파의 상대값은 7채널에서, 세타파의 상대값은 10채널에서 유의한 감소를 보였다. 결론 : 발목관절에 있는 신맥(BL62), 조해(KI6)혈에 대한 저주파 자극은 노년의 여성의 뇌에 베타, 세타, 감마파의 감소를 일으키는 반면 알파파를 선택적으로 증가시켜 뇌를 안정시키는 효과가 있는 것으로 보인다. 이러한 결과는 저주파자극이 향후 스트레스와 관련된 인지 문제를 치료하는 비침습적이고 비화학적인 도구로써의 가능성을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 보이며, 그 기전에 대한 추가적 연구가 필요할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제27호
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• pp.162-167
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• 2001

The true space is the physical world affected a gravity but the cyber space is the world that rise above physical status and show developed space. This study shows that the factors of objective valuation and the indicators for the behavior analysis. It is established that the structural design indicators using the simulation have 4 steps; The indicator of complex space, the diagram of cognitive image, is the analysis of emotion and stimulation, and the dependent variables. Moreover the indicator of complex space is illustrated the connection degree, the symmetry, the axis of sight, and the degree of space division. For the effective analysis, the simulation is to be made matched with the true environment. Thus the simulation has the capability of the objective and correct more than those of true architectural environment. And it could establish immediately the experimental data and response.

• 대한치매학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to examine interventions and supporting systems by dementia stage, take a look at dementia insurance policies in Korea and the United States, and present Korean private insurance programs for dementia patients. According to the study, our suggestions of a design of private insurance products for Korean dementia patients are as follows. First, the products should support people aged 80 and older. Second, new products should include the mild stage dementia in the insurance coverage. Third, non-pharmacological treatments, such as the cognitive stimulation, the cognitive training, and exercises need to be covered through the new private insurance. Fourth, the private insurance should be contained home health care services in its coverage. These suggestions can reduce the dependence of the public insurance, help people choose appropriate treatments for themselves, and give people a good opportunity to improve the effect of dementia treatment and to increase the satisfaction of patients and their families.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2006

Objective : Audio-evoked potential is technique used for measuring brain functions such as memory, attention, and concentration. Although a number of studies on acupuncture for pain, there are few reports on the effect of acupuncture cognitive function. Methods : Fifteen healthy volunteers with no neurological condition took part of the study. $(23.27{\pm}2.09)$. In this study, we examined the changes in auditory P300 by acupuncture stimulation to 'Oegwan' on the left hand. Auditory P300 was recorded before, during and after acupuncture. The amplitude and latency of P300 at Fz, Cz, Pz point were calculated. Results : Auditory P300 amplitude decreased during and after acupuncture, but there was no statistical significance.(P< .05) Auditory P300 latency significantly decreased during and after acupuncture.(P< .05) Conclusions : The decrease of Auditory P300 latency time suggests that acupuncture at Oegwan has some effects on the cognitive function.