• School Mathematics
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.485-500
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate how elementary mathematics teachers use and implement a reform-oriented mathematics curriculum material, Everyday Mathematics, and to examine what features the curriculum material has. Eight elementary mathematics teachers in the United States participated in the study. Data sources consist of teacher classroom observation write-ups, interviews, and the curriculum material. The results from the analysis of the curriculum material suggest that 80 percent of the tasks are at the high-level in terms of cognitive demand and 26 percent of tasks are identified as transparent. The results also show that the teachers appeared to adapt the curriculum material and partially take suggestions or activities out of the curriculum material in enacting them in their mathematics classrooms. The analysis of enacted tasks suggests that the levels of cognitive demand were shifted from high-level to low-level; 27 percent of the high-level tasks in the curriculum material were maintained at the high-level as enacted in the mathematics classrooms. The level of cognitive demand shifted in many cases; shifts from high-level to low-level occurred. This contributes to the curriculum material not being transparent to teachers.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.58-67
• /
• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the effects of a mindfulness-based Body-Mind Intervention Program using marine resources on the improvement of quality of sleep, mood symptoms, and cognitive function in Korean female emotional labor workers. Methods: Twelve female workers who experienced excess emotional labor participated at the training camp program for five days in Danghangpo-ocean park, Goseung-gun, Gyeongnam Province in South Korea. Participant sleep quality, mood symptoms, and cognitive functioning before, after, and 1.5 months later were evaluated and analyzed. Results: After participating in the marine resource program, participants reported significantly decreased sleep latency. Global sleep quality, cognitive functions (attention, flexibility, and inhibition control), and mood states, including depression, tension, anger, fatigue, were also improved. These effects were generally maintained after 1. 5 months (PSQI t = 2.63, p = 0.02 ; HAM-D t = 5.92, p < 0.001). Conclusion: A Body-Mind Intervention Program using marine resources was effective in relaxing emotion-related tension and improving cognitive function. To advance this pilot study, it is necessary to carry out further research to investigate the use of marine resources in mental health interventions.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.497-520
• /
• 2006

The purpose of the study was to construct future research basis for large scale assessment framework by analyzing current domestic and international large scale assessment frameworks. Six frameworks were compared and analyzed. The characteristics of TIMSS, PISA, NAEP, NECAP were described in detail, and three frameworks, Korea, the United States, and International, were compared and analysed.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2003.07c
• /
• pp.2875-2878
• /
• 2003

In this paper, we propose an EEG-based mental state prediction method during a mental tasks. In the experimental task, a subject goes through the process of responding to visual stimulus, understanding the given problem, controlling hand motions, and hitting a key. Considering the subject's varying brain activities, we model subjects' mental states with defining selection time. EEG signals from four subjects were recorded while they performed three mental tasks. Feature vectors defined by these representations were classified with a standard, feed-forward neural network trained via the error back-propagation algorithm. We expect that the proposed detection method can be a basic technology for brain-computer interface by combining with left/right hand movement or cognitive decision discrimination methods.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.483-498
• /
• 2018

Nowadays, with progresses in robotic science, the design and implementation of a mechanism for human-robot interaction with a low workload is inevitable. One notable challenge in this field is the interaction between a single human and a group of robots. Therefore, we propose a new comprehensive framework for single-human multiple-robot remote interaction that can form an efficient intelligent adaptive interaction (IAI). Our interaction system can thoroughly adapt itself to changes in interaction context and user states. Some advantages of our devised IAI framework are lower workload, higher level of situation awareness, and efficient interaction. In this paper, we introduce a new IAI architecture as our comprehensive mechanism. In order to practically examine the architecture, we implemented our proposed IAI to control a group of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) under different scenarios. The results show that our devised IAI framework can effectively reduce human workload and the level of situation awareness, and concurrently foster the mission completion percentage of the UAVs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
• /
• 2000.04a
• /
• pp.126-132
• /
• 2000

This paper presents a facial expression recognition based on Gabor wavelets that uses a fuzzy C-means(FCM) clustering algorithm and neural network. Features of facial expressions are extracted to two steps. In the first step, Gabor wavelet representation can provide edges extraction of major face components using the average value of the image's 2-D Gabor wavelet coefficient histogram. In the next step, we extract sparse features of facial expressions from the extracted edge information using FCM clustering algorithm. The result of facial expression recognition is compared with dimensional values of internal stated derived from semantic ratings of words related to emotion. The dimensional model can recognize not only six facial expressions related to Ekman's basic emotions, but also expressions of various internal states.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.67-73
• /
• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review and identify the meaning and components of the concept, Frailty. Method: We conducted literature review of studies that concluded the word of 'frail' or 'frailty between 1980 and 2008, and used MEDLINE, CINAHL database to select the articles. Results: Frailty is defined as a concept with multidomains, which are physical, cognitive, psychological, social. Critical characteristics of Frailty include multidominal deficiency, combined accumulation, diminished ability to keep up the independence of daily living, states beyond one's reserve capacity, dynamic relativity, proximity to adverse health outcome, aggregated symptoms. Frailty is caused by decreased physical activity, loss of sensory function, Chronic symptoms or signs, relationship with Caregiver, social isolation. Moreover, Frail elderly is at risk of falls and institutionalization. Conclusion: Frailty is very useful concept, because it has the potential to identify the elderly population at risk of adverse health outcomes. Based on this results, the appropriate tool for screening Korean Frail elderly and Nursing intervention for them needs to be developed.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.229-235
• /
• 2003

We designed a family of completely autonomous mobile robots with local intelligence. Each robot has a number of on-board sensors, including vision, and does not rely on global positioning systems The on-board embedded controller is sufficient to analyze several low-resolution color images per second. This enables our robots to perform several complex tasks such as navigation, map generation, or providing intelligent group behavior. Not being limited to playing the game of soccer and being completely autonomous, we are also looking at a number of other interesting scenarios. The robots can communicate with each other, e.g. for exchanging positions, information about objects or just the local states they are currently in (e.g. sharing their current objectives with other robots in the group). We are particularly interested in the differences between a behavior-based approach versus a traditional control algorithm at this still very low level of action.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.69-84
• /
• 2002

This study investigated characteristics of daily life activity experiences and their relations to stress in early adolescence. A sample of 134 8th graders carried electronic watches programmed to signal 7 times a day for a week at random times and reported their daily life activity experiences when signaled. Boys spent 33% of their waking hours in schoolwork, 46% in leisure, and 21% in maintenance activities. Girls spent 32% in schoolwork, 43% in leisure, and the other 25% in maintenance. Both boys and girls experienced more positive affect, cognitive, and motivation during leisure, whereas more negative psychological states during schoolwork. The major stress was schoolwork-related. The stress was significantly related to objective and subjective experiences of daily life activity.

• Korean Journal of Logic
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.273-293
• /
• 2013

This paper briefs the history of LEET(Legal Education Eligibility Test), describes its basic design, classifies the problems of its three subjects: Reading Comprehension, Reasoning and Argumentation, Essay according to their content categories and to their cognitive element categories, and states important features and traits of the whole set of problems, and finally raises some questions about the validity and relevancy of the test.