• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.13-23
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• 2010

2009년에 개정된 7차 정보 교육과정에서는 학생들이 일상에서 접할 수 있는 다양한 문제를 정보기기를 활용하여 해결할 수 있도록 하고, 문제해결능력 향상을 위한 프로그래밍 교육을 포함하고 있다. 프로그래밍 교육은 문제해결능력 향상과 함께 사고력의 발달을 기대할 수 있다. 하지만 일반적인 언어 기술 중심의 프로그래밍 교육이 교사 중심적이며, 학생들에게 많은 인지부담을 주어 학습의 흥미를 저하할 수 있다. 본 연구는 프로그래밍 교육의 효과를 기대하기 위하여 구체적 조작기에 해당하는 초등학생에게 흥미를 유발하고, 접근성이 좋은 로봇을 이용한 프로그래밍 교육방법을 제시한다. 또한 실험을 통하여 제안한 교수방법이 초등교육 현장에서 활용될 수 있음을 보여주었다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.67-71
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• 2009

Using driving simulator, we analyzed the driving behavior of an older driver on intersection and measured the pychological load to HRV. As a results, older drivers started to enter the more complex intersection on a great distance and on low velocity for safety driving. On the other hand, the value of HRV would be lower on more complex intersections. It suggested that an older driver allowed for his own losses of physiological and cognitive function and recognized low level of driving confidence relatively.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.158-169
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze the uses of the external representations in the $3{\sim}6th$ grade science textbooks developed under the 7th National Curriculum on the basis of the theories and the research results on learning with the multiple representations. The results showed that the frequencies of the macroscopic external representations were higher than those of the symbolic external representations. The external representations with drawing and/or writing, especially writing, were used more frequently than those without drawing and/or writing. However, the most of the external representations were rarely used according to the principles and/or the theories (e.g., personalization principle, dual coding theory, cognitive load theory, and social constructivism theory) for effective uses of the multiple external representations in the science textbooks. The present study provides the guideline to establish the effective uses of the external representations in the science textbooks that not only meet learners but also teachers.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2009

알고리즘의 추상적 속성은 학습자의 동기와 학습 증진을 저해하는 요소로 작용할 수 있다. 따라서 학습자의 내적 인지 부담을 감소시키고 동기를 유발하기 위한 교수 학습 방법에 관한 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 전문계 고등학생들의 동기와 성취수준 향상을 위해 놀이를 통한 알고리즘 교수 학습 프로그램을 개발하였다. 개발한 프로그램을 적용한 결과, 놀이 중심 알고리즘 학습 프로그램을 수행한 집단이 전통적인 알고리즘 학습을 수행한 집단에 비해 학습동기와 학업성취 면에서 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 이는 놀이와 같은 구체적인 활동 수행이 추상적이고 어려운 개념 학습에 긍정적인 영향을 준 것으로 해석할 수 있다.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2018

Hotel consumers tend to rely on online reviews to reduce the risk to hotel products when they book hotel rooms because hotel products are high-risk products due to their intangibility. However, the development of ICT has caused information load, and it is an important issue to be perceived as useful information to consumer because a large amount of information complicates the decision making process of consumers. Drawn from Heuristic-Systematic Model(HSM), the present study explored the role of heuristic and systematic cues composing an online review influencing consumers' perception of hotel online reviews. More specifically, this study identified reviewers' identity, level of the reviewer, review star ratings, and attached hotel photo as heuristic cue, while review length, cognitive level of review and negativity in review as systematic cues. The binary logistic regression was adopted for analysis. This study found that only systematic cues of online review were found to affect the usefulness of it. Moreover, we preceded further study examining the moderating effect of seasonality in the relationships between systematic cues and usefulness.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.1156-1166
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• 2022

In this study, we examined voice shopping interaction in which consumers can be involved in the decision-making process. Sixteen kinds of voice shopping interaction were designed with differences in the existence of screen/product involvement/conversation style. Their effects on trust, cognitive load, satisfaction, and continuous intention to use were evaluated through a survey experiment. The main effect of conversation style was significant, and it was found that the more deeply involved users have higher trust. The interaction effect between conversation style and product involvement was also significant. Low involvement product buyers had the most positive user experience from the conversation style that included 'Ask for preference,' while high involvement product buyers had the most positive user experience from the conversation style that included both 'Ask for preference' and 'Question and Answer.' The main effect and interaction effect of the existence of screen was not significant. The results indicate that a positive user experience can be obtained when users are deeply involved in consumer decision-making, especially in purchasing high-involvement products.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.281-293
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• 2023

This study addresses the optimal design methodology for switching between active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar operating modes to easily select the necessary information to reduce pilots' cognitive load and physical workload in situations where diverse and complex information is continuously provided. This study presents a procedure for defining a hidden Markov chain model (HMM) for modeling operating mode changes based on time series data on the operating modes of the AESA radar used by pilots while performing mission scenarios with inherent uncertainty. Furthermore, based on a transition probability matrix (TPM) of the HMM, this study presents a mathematical programming model for proposing the optimal structural design of AESA radar operating modes considering the manipulation method of a hands on throttle-and-stick (HOTAS). Fighter pilots select and activate the menu key for an AESA radar operation mode by manipulating the HOTAS's rotary and toggle controllers. Therefore, this study presents an optimization problem to propose the optimal structural design of the menu keys so that the pilot can easily change the menu keys to suit the operational environment.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.205-214
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• 2024

This paper delves into the application of Gestalt psychology principles in logo design. It analyzes how these principles refine design elements to bolster the efficiency and impact of visual communication. Drawing from Gestalt psychology perspectives, the theoretical foundations and application methods of logo design simplification strategies are discussed. Through the analysis of Gestalt psychology effects in various types and styles of logo designs, this study compares the applicability and differences of logo design simplification strategies under different cultural and social contexts. Furthermore, it evaluates their role and value in enhancing the innovativeness and communicative impact of logo designs. The findings suggest that strategies informed by Gestalt psychology significantly improve the organization rules within logo designs, such as the relationship between figure and ground, proximity, similarity, and continuity. Thereby they enhance perceptual clarity, cognitive load, and aesthetic satisfaction. Moreover, these strategies promote creative thinking and problem-solving abilities in logo design. The results indicate that simplified design methods not only enhance aesthetic appeal but also improve the adaptability and recognizability of logos across different media and environments. This approach aligns with the minimalist and flat design trends of today's information age, meeting the evolving needs and aesthetic preferences of consumers.

• 대한치매학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.87-99
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• 2023

Background and Purpose: According to the amyloid cascade hypothesis, fibrillary amyloid-beta load in the brain causes Alzheimer's disease (AD) with toxic effects. Recently, perivascular spaces (PVSs), fluid-filled cavities around small penetrating arterioles and venules in the brain, and the glymphatic system relationship with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and AD has been an important research topic from a physiopathological point of view. There are two types of PVSs that are associated with sporadic atherosclerosis and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between the number and localization of enlarged PVSs in AD. Methods: A total of 254 patients with AD and 125 healthy controls were included in this study All the patients were evaluated with neurological and cognitive examinations and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). PVSs on MRI were graded by recording their number and location. The study was a retrospective study. Results: In our study, the number of white matter convexity-central semiovale localized PVSs was higher in patients than in the control group. In addition, the number of PVSs in this localization score was higher in patients with DM2. Cerebral PVS counts were higher in patients with AD than in the control group. Conclusions: These results suggest the important role of cerebral amyloid angiopathy, one of the vascular risk factors, and the glymphatic system in the pathogenesis of AD. In addition, the results of our study suggest that the evaluation of PVSs levels, especially at the (centrum semiovale), using imaging studies in AD is a potential diagnostic option.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.413-422
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• 2014

로봇교육과 프로그래밍교육이 학습자들에게 미치는 긍정적인 효과는 거의 동일하지만, 로봇교육은 프로그래밍교육에 비하여 로봇구입이라는 경제적 비용과 학습자의 인지적 부담을 증가시키는 로봇 제작 과정이 포함되기도 하는 차이점이 있다. 이러한 차이점으로 인하여 모든 학교급 또는 모든 학습 목표에 대하여 프로그래밍교육이 동일한 효과를 갖지 않을 수도 있을 것이다. 이러한 가정을 확인하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 국내에서 발표된 로봇교육의 효과에 대한 논문을 메타분석하여 효과크기를 산출하고 프로그래밍교육의 효과크기와 비교한다. 비교 결과를 바탕으로 로봇교육의 방향을 제시하고자 한다. 로봇교육과 프로그래밍교육의 평균 효과크기는 각각 0.6664과 0.4060로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 초등학생의 경우 평균 효과크기가 로봇교육은 0.373, 프로그래밍교육은 0.667로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 중학생이 로봇교육과 프로그래밍교육 모두에서 가장 큰 효과를 보였으며, 학교급이 높아질수록 프로그래밍교육에 비하여 로봇교육의 효과가 커짐을 알 수 있었다. 목적별 분석 결과 프로그래밍교육은 모든 영역에 고르게 중간의 효과를 보인 반면 로봇교육은 인지적 영역보다 정의적 영역에 더 큰 효과가 있었다. 교육방법별로 분석한 결과 로봇제작의 효과크기는 1.3294로 높은 효과를 보이며, 로봇제작과 프로그래밍, 로봇프로그래밍, 로봇활용의 순으로 중간의 효과를 보였다. 본 연구의 결과에 따라, 프로그래밍교육이 로봇교육에 비하여 전반적으로 효과가 크고, 로봇교육은 중학생 이상의 대상에 대하여 프로그래밍 교육보다 효과가 크며, 로봇교육은 정의적 영역의 향상에 효과가 있다. 또한 로봇교육은 단순 로봇활용보다는 로봇제작, 로봇프로그래밍을 포함하여, 다양한 주제에 적용할 때 더 큰 효과가 있음을 알 수 있다.