• 대한간호학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.836-847
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between utilization of home care services under the national long-term care insurance system and family caregiver distress. Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted in this study using data collected in 2011 and 2012 from the Korean version of International Resident Assessment Instrument (interRAI) Home Care assessment system. The study sample included 228 clients receiving community based home care and their family caregivers in Korea. Descriptive statistics, $x^2$ test, t-test, and Heckman selection model analysis were conducted using SAS 9.3. Results: Presence of family caregiver distress was significantly associated with days of nurse visits (${\beta}$=-.89, p=<.001) and home helper visits (${\beta}$=-.53, p=.014). Level of caregiver distress was also significantly associated with days of nurse visits (${\beta}$=-.66, p=.028). Other factors which were significantly associated with caregiver distress were depression, cognitive function, inadequate pain control, social support for older adult, and caregiver relationship to the older adult. Conclusion: The results of this study show that visiting nurse service and appropriate support programs for Older Adults and family caregivers experiencing caregiver distress should be developed and provided to families based on the health care needs of older adults and their family caregivers for effective and sustainable home care.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제47권
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• pp.71-106
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• 2001

The purposes of this study were to provide information on the prevalence and change of Korean adolescent alcohol use and to identify related factors to adolescent alcohol use. This study collected data from a total of 4,373 adolescents nationally. Followings are the major findings of this study. First, 75.7 percent of respondents reported that they tried alcohol in their life time. More male respondents tried alcohol in their lifetime than female respondents, but there was no big difference. Findings on alcohol consumption by grade showed that as adolescents get older, they are more likely to try alcohol. Second, this study also found that whereas the drinking rates of male adolescents and higher graders were steady, the rates of female adolescents and lower graders were increased since 1997. Third, this study compared its findings with adolescent alcohol use in the United States. Little differences existed in measures of adolescent alcohol use in the two countries, but the differences in the rates of the past-month alcohol use and heavy drinking was greater in Korean adolescents than in American adolescents. Finally, this study found that peer related factors such as friend's alcohol use was the strongest factor related to respondents' alcohol use. Family-related factors and respondents' levels of psychosocial resources (cognitive control, coping skills, social support) were also significantly related to their alcohol use. This study suggest that future studies consider cultural aspects and regional differences in order to understand adolescent alcohol use in more depth.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.1481-1487
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• 2017

본 논문은 VR 인터랙티브 스토리텔링 콘텐츠 개발에서 특히 독자 (또는 플레이어)와 스토리 캐릭터간 공감 형성에 목표를 갖고, 공감 기반 VR 인터랙티브 스토리 개발을 위한 실질적 지침으로 4가지 주요 요소를 다음과 같이 제안한다. 첫째는 서사 요소로서 서사학자인 제넷의 초점화 (focalization)를 적용한 서사 이론이고, 둘째는 인터랙티브 스토리텔링에서 서사와 플레이어 제어 사이의 균형을 고려한 양방향성 (interactivity)이며, 셋째는 인간과 컴퓨터의 상호작용에서 고려하는 가상 현실 요소이며, 넷째는 심리학과 인지과학 측면에서 고려한 공감 (empathy) 요소이다. 본 논문은 또한 전래 동화인 빨간 망토 이야기를 기반으로 한 VR 인터랙티브 스토리 시나리오를 소개하고, 언리얼 게임 엔진과 HTC Vive를 활용한 VR 구현을 논의한다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.341-349
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• 2015

본 연구는 융복합 시대에 중요한 능력인 비판적 사고와 관련되어 국내 간호대학 교육에서 연구된 논문(1996-2014) 75편을 분석한 문헌고찰 연구이다. 고찰 결과 2006년을 기점으로 비판적 사고 관련 연구가 크게 증가하였으며, 연구 설계는 관련 요인을 탐색하는 수준에서 경로모형 구축까지 진행되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 비판적 사고에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 학력, 연령, 교우관계, 학업성적, 임상실습 기간, 전공만족도, 자아존중감, 자기효능감, 학습방법 등이 확인되었으며, 비판적사고 성향이 높을수록 임상실습 스트레스, 인지된 스트레스가 낮아지고, 문제해결 능력, 임상수행능력, 감정조절, 의사소통 능력이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 비판적 사고는 단기간에 획득, 향상되기 어려우므로 지금까지 연구에서 확인된 비판적 사고와 관련된 원인 및 결과변수를 바탕으로 간호교육과정에서 장기적이고 체계적으로 비판적 사고를 향상시키기 위한 교육 프로그램을 개발할 것을 제언한다.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.70-78
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• 2010

Objectives : This study investigated the differences of working memory among the subtypes of ADHD. Methods : Eighty-one children and adolescents with ADHD and thirty normal controls were recruited. Children with any cognitive disorders and low intelligence were excluded. In order to evaluate the verbal and visuospatial working memory, Digit span and Finger windows tasks were measured, respectively. Performances on these measures between children with ADHD and controls were compared. Further, performances among the groups of ADHD predominantly inattentive(ADHD-IA)(n=40), predominantly hyperactive-impulsive(ADHD-HI)(n= 10), and combined type(ADHD-C)(n=31), were compared. Results : Scores of Finger windows forward task were lower in the ADHD group as compared to the control group, whereas, the Digit span forward showed no difference. Both scores of Digit span backward and Finger windows backward task were lower in the ADHD group than the controls. Children with ADHD-IA performed poorer than children with ADHD-C on the Finger windows backward task. Conclusion : The results of this study showed that children with ADHD have deficits in spatial short-term memory and verbal and visuospatial working memory when compared to normal children. The deficits were evident in children with ADHD-IA subtype and in particular, performance on the visuospatial working memory task in this group was poorer than the ADHD-C group.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.109-118
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 Ajzen(1991)의 계획된 행동이론을 바탕으로 로컬 푸드를 구매와 관련한 기초적인 인지적 근거를 조사하는 것이다. 개방형 문항으로 이루어진 온라인 설문조사를 통해서 163명의 응답자로부터 자료를 수집하였으며, 수집된 로컬 푸드 구매와 관련한 소비자의 핵심적인 행동적 신념, 규범적 신념, 통제적 신념에 대한 자료를 분석하고 평가했다. 응답자들의 가장 핵심적인 행동적 신념은 지역경제 발전에 이바지함으로 나타났으며, 뒤를 이어 신선함, 식품의 원산지와 취급과정에 대한 지식, 환경혜택, 건강혜택으로 나타났다. 규범적 신념으로는 지역 사업가, 지역 농부, 가족, 지역민, 친구의 순으로 로컬 푸드 구매를 지지하는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 로컬 푸드 구매와 관련한 장애물로는 불편한 로컬푸드 상점의 위치와 영업시간, 높은 가격, 상품의 제한성과 다양성, 구매처에 대한 제한된 지식등이 주로 거론되었다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.170-183
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• 2018

Purpose: Although innovative interventions using technologies have been introduced in long-term care settings, available evidence is still anecdotal. The purpose of this study is to investigate and synthesize the outcomes of interventions using technologies delivered to nursing home residents. Methods: Published clinical trials were identified through PubMed, CINHAL, Cochrane and PsycINFO databases and manually hand-searching. Eligible studies were articles published between 1997-2016 in English or Korean with a randomized controlled trial or quasi-experimental design in which interventions using technologies were delivered to nursing home residents. Results: A total of 20 studies were selected for this review. Types of interventions using technologies were classified into the electronic documentation technology (n=1), the clinical decision support system (n=1), the safety technology (n=1), the health and wellness technology (n=10), and the social connectedness technology (n=7). Overall resident outcomes indicated that interventions using technologies improved behavioral symptoms and psycho-social outcomes, but mixed results were shown in the aspects of physical function, cognitive function, social relationship and quality of service. Conclusion: This review demonstrates that incorporating technologies into nursing home care have positive effects on residents' psycho-social outcomes and behavioral symptoms. To disseminate the effectiveness of interventions using technologies, further research is needed to determine what mechanisms underlying such relationships exist.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.219-226
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• 2012

Objectives: To evaluate the risk of fractures related with zolpidem in elderly insomnia patients. Methods: Health claims data on the entire South Korean elderly population from January 2005 to June 2006 were extracted from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database. We applied a case-crossover design. Cases were defined as insomnia patients who had a fracture diagnosis. We set the hazard period of 1 day length prior to the fracture date and four control periods of the same length at 5, 10, 15, and 20 weeks prior to the fracture date. Time independent confounding factors such as age, gender, lifestyle, cognitive function level, mobility, socioeconomic status, residential environment, and comorbidity could be controlled using the case-crossover design. Time dependent confounding factors, especially co-medication of patients during the study period, were adjusted by conditional logistic regression analysis. The odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for the risk of fracture related to zolpidem. Results: One thousand five hundred and eight cases of fracture were detected in insomnia patients during the study period. In our data, the use of zolpidem increased the risk of fracture significantly (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.72; 95% CI, 1.37 to 2.16). However, the association between benzodiazepine hypnotics and the risk of fracture was not statistically significant (aOR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.21). Likewise, the results were not statistically significant in stratified analysis with each benzodiazepine generic subgroup. Conclusions: Zolpidem could increase the risk of fracture in elderly insomnia patients. Therefore zolpidem should be prescribed carefully and the elderly should be provided with sufficient patient education.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.32-38
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• 1994

Male rats aged 15 months, which had been over-trained with 12 arm radial maze up to the criterion of 1 or 2 errors an average per trial, were divided into two groups and 7 months after the over-training and were studied the effect of red ginseng trial saponin fraction (PT) on the spatial memory function. The rats which could be improved the performance of 9.75$\pm$1.26 (within 185$\pm$8.2 1 sec) were classified into "normal group" (n=4) and the ones, which showed R-maze performance of 7.0$\pm$2.87 within 300 sec, "deteriorated memory group" (n=5). PT was dissolved in distilled water and injected into the deteriorated memory group intraperitoneally at 30 min before R-maze for 3 consecutive days. The injected amount of PT on the 1st day was 10mg/rat, 1mg/rat both on the 2nd the 3rd day. As results, the performance was restored to 9.4$\pm$2.0 after stopping ginseng administration, although the lower performance values (1.4$\pm$0.89, 2.8$\pm$0.83, 3.8$\pm$0.84, respectively) were exerted during the three days of PT administration than before PT administration (7.0$\pm$2.87) since 1 day after administratitan of PT. The restored performance values were continuously maintained up to the level of the "normal group". However, any lower performance values were not observed when PT was administered via intraperitoneal route to the normal group in about of 2 mg/rat except 10mg1ra1. The number of errors when the foods in arms were put at only 6 places was clearly reduced during the 9 days of consecutive administration of PT as compared with untreated control. These results indicated that PT administration may enhance their cognitive function after a long lapse of time not only in the memory deteriorated rats but also in normal ones. The reason exerted lower performance values during PT administration in this paper was discussed as compared with the results of T-maze behavior of another 3-month-aged rats. of another 3-month-aged rats.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2018

본 연구는 10회의 전학급동료교수학습이 간호대학생의 학업성취와 셀프리더십 및 대인관계능력에 미치는 효과 확인을 위한 원시실험연구로, 수집된 자료를 SPSS/WIN 19.0으로 Mann-Whitney U와 Kruskal-Wallis 검정 결과, 변수의 평균 순위값의 영향요인은 입학동기였다. Wilcoxon Signed Ranked Test 결과, 실험처치 전후 전학급동료교수학습은 학업성취에 유의한 효과가 있었고(p<.001), 셀프리더십의 하위영역 중 인지적 전략과, 대인관계능력의 하위영역 중 관계촉진의 평균순위값에 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며(p=.020; p=.040), 셀프리더십과 대인관계능력 간 양의 상관관계가 있었다(r=.296, p=.041). 본 연구 결과 전학급동료교수학습은 간호대학생들의 학업성취도를 향상시켰고, 셀프리더십과 대인관계능력에 효과가 있는 중재로 볼 수 있으나, 대상자 수를 확대하고, 대조군을 설정한 유사실험연구로 실험결과를 재확인하는 연구를 제언한다.