• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.70-81
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• 2024

Objectives: Cognitive impairments, ranging from mild to severe, adversely affect daily functioning, quality of life, and work capacity. Despite significant efforts in the past decade, more than 200 promising drug candidates have failed in clinical trials. Herbal remedies are gaining interest as potential treatments for dementia due to their long history and safety, making them valuable for drug development. This review aimed to examine the mechanisms behind the effect of Polygonum multiflorum on cognitive function. Methods: This study focused primarily on the effects of Polygonum multiflorum and its chemical constituents on cognitive behavioral outcomes including the Morris water maze, the passive avoidance test, and the Y maze, as well as pathogenic targets of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD) like amyloid deposition, amyloid precursor protein, tau hyperphosphorylation, and cognitive decline. Additionally, a thorough evaluation of the mechanisms behind Polygonum multiflorum's impact on cognitive function was conducted. We reviewed the most recent data from preclinical research done on experimental models, particularly looking at Polygonum multiflorum's effects on cognitive decline and AD. Results: According to recent research, Poligonum multiflorum and its bioactive components, stilbene, and emodin, influence cognitive behavioral results and regulate the pathological target of cognitive impairment and AD. Their mechanisms of action include reducing oxidative and mitochondrial damage, regulating neuroinflammation, halting apoptosis, and promoting increased neurogenesis and synaptogenesis. Conclusion: This review serves as a comprehensive compilation of current experiments on AD and other cognitive impairment models related to the therapeutic effects of Polygonum multiflorum. We believe that these findings can serve as a basis for future clinical trials and have potential applications in the treatment of human neurological disorders.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.158-164
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• 2009

Trichotillomania is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by repetitive pulling out of one's hair. We present a trichotillomania case study illustrating the effectiveness of habit reversal training, which has recently been found, in western countries, to be a very effective cognitive behavioral treatment. The refractory patient in our study had previously received 1 year of drug treatment and psychiatric consultation for the disorder. We administered 10 habit reversal training sessions, which was followed by an obvious improvement in the patient's trichotillomania symptoms. Our observations indicate that habit reversal training might be effective in the treatment of trichotillomania.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2021

Sleep disturbance is a common health complaint affecting an estimated 10-25% of the general population. Pharmacotherapy is a traditional treatment and cognitive behavioral therapy is well demonstrated as an efficacious treatment for insomnia. There is a growing interest in the effectiveness of mindfulness meditation for sleep disturbed populations. Mindfulness involves focused, purposeful, nonjudgmental attention to a particular idea. In clinical application of mindfulness practice, mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy are used widely. Clinical trials support the effectiveness of meditation for the treatment of insomnia. The aim of this article is to review the effect of mindfulness meditation on insomnia.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.89-97
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to understand educational changes and effects of cognitive behavioral art therapy using the smart device. The participant of the study was a 4th grade of male elementary school student who had aggressiveness and impulsiveness with emotional instability. The study was conducted one to two times a week for six months with a total of 30 educational sessions. Among 80 minutes per session, 60 minutes of art therapy and 20 minutes of cognitive behavioral therapy were applied, and during the sessions, cognitive action art therapy (drawing and shaping activities), cognitive restructuring, behavioral modification, systemic dullness, social skills training, empathy and landscaping training were applied. For the numeral assessment, Traffic Anxiety Inventory for Children (TAIC), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and emotional instability measures were used. Research showed that cognitive behavioral art therapy using smart devices had the effect of positive emotional change in children with emotional anxiety, and based on this, future development directions including systematic instructional design, scientific analysis and feedback technologies were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.147-154
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• 1998

Objective : This study was designed to find the characteristics of MMPI that could influence the outcome of cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT) for panic disorder. Methods : 34 patients who met DSM-IV criteria for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia had completed 11 weekly sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy. All the patients were assessed with MMPI before the initiation of treatment. Five self-report measures including Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI), Agoraphobic Cognition Questionnarie(ACQ), Body Sensation Questionnaire(BSQ), and Daily Anxiety Selfrating (0 - 8 scales) were also assessed as a pre- and post-treatment assessment. After the completion of treatment, patients were classified by the High End-State(HES) functioning group and the Low End-State(LES) functioning group for the data analysis. Results : 1) The LES group showed significantly higher scores in Hypochondriasis Scale(HS), Depression Scale(D), Hysterical Scale(Hy), Obsessive Scale(Pt), Schizophrenia Scale(Sc) and Validity Scale(F) of MMPI than the HES group. However, these differences gave impressions that the LES group had more severe symptoms rather than that they could be the factors influencing the outcome of CBT. 2) Though, the severity of symptoms of the LES group in the 5 measures of pre-assessment was basically higher than that of the HES group. The fact that both group showed the similar improvement between pre- and post-assessment supported the above interpretation. Conclusion : In regarding the above results, MMPI was not a proper tool that could provide the factors influencing the outcome of CBT. In the future study, the authors need to use a different tool that can find the personality characteristics more directly.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.186-190
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• 2000

Objective : The authors experienced that cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT) could replace medication for controlling panic attacks and anticipatory anxiety symptoms. The objective of this study was finding out predicting factors of discontinuation of medication after CBT for patients with panic disorder. Method : A hundred forty-eight patients who met DSM-IV criteria for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia for at least 3 months had completed 12 weekly sessions of Panic Control Therapy(PCT ; Barlow et al). Eighty-one patients who could discontinue medication and sixty-seven patients who could not discontinue medication were measured with several scales as the pre- and post-treatment aassessment. The scales were Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), Clinical Global Impression(CGI), Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory(STAI-state), Anxiety Sensitivity Index(ASI), Body Sensation Questionnaire (BSQ), Panic Belief Questionnaire(PBQ), Agoraphobic Cognition Questionnaire(ACQ), Fear Questionnaire(FQ), Toronto Alexithymia Scale(TAS). Results : At the pre-treatment assessment, the scores of BDI, CGI, STAI-state, ACQ, BSQ were higher in the patients who could discontinue medication than in the patients who could not discontinue medication(t=-2.68, t=-4.88, t=-3.07, t=-3.68, t=-3.35, p<0.01). Conclusion : Patients with panic disorder who were less depressed, less anxious, less agoraphobic and who had less negative cognitions for the bodily sensation and who had higher scores in the therapist's assessment could discontinue their medications.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.33-39
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• 2023

The global surge in depression and anxiety, intensified by challenges such as cost and stigma, emphasizes the pressing need for accessible, evidence-based digital solutions. The research centers on the creation of a mobile application specifically designed to address mental health challenges. By integrating cognitive behavioral therapy techniques and features like appointment bookings and mindfulness feedback tools, the app is positioned to improve user outcomes. Utilizing platforms like React Native and React, combined with NestJS for enhanced backend security, the application adheres to the rigorous standards required for mental health interventions. Collaborative efforts with experts, notably the counseling unit of IIUM, ensure the app's alignment with contemporary best practices and research. Preliminary findings indicate a promising tool with the potential to address the global mental health treatment disparity.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.41-47
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• 2016

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common causes of dementia. It can exhibit a variety of clinical symptoms including cognitive decline, cognitive fluctuation, visual hallucinations, parkinsonism, REM sleep behavior disorder, hypersensitivity to neuroleptics and autonomic dysfunctions. Despite more well-known criteria for DLB, there are often misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. It gives a lot of clinical burden to the clinician as well as to patients and families. When reducing the misdiagnosis, the burden of all will be reduced. The special concern and solicitation are needed in order not to miss the diagnosis when the cardinal features of DLB may not be volunteered by patients and the caregivers. To control the symptoms, clinicians must find and reduce drugs that can have the negative effects on DLB symptoms. There is limited evidence about specific interventions but available data suggest cholinesterase inhibitors improve the cognitive and behavioral symptoms and menmantine slightly improves the global impression.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.51-55
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• 2018

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is a functional contextual intervention approach based on the behavioral theory on human language, which views human suffering as originating in psychological inflexibility fostered by cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance. Thus, the goal of ACT is to enhance psychological flexibility using six core processes including acceptance, cognitive defusion, self-as-context, contact with present moment, values clarification, and committed action. Recent clinical trials have suggested the efficacy for ACT in the treatment of various mental illness and psychological distress. The aim of this review is to offer more knowledge and better understanding of ACT by presenting its underlying principle and an overview of the research field.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.212-219
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• 2022

Recently, the efficacy of probiotics in treatment of neurodegenerative disorders has been reported in animal and clinical studies. Here, we assessed the effects of Bacillus coagulans JA845 in counteracting the symptoms of D-galactose (D-gal)/AlCl₃-induced Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a mice model through behavioral test, histological assessment and biochemical analysis. Ten weeks of pre-treatment with B. coagulans JA845 prevented cognitive decline, attenuated hippocampal lesion and protected neuronal integrity, which demonstrated the neuroprotective features of B. coagulans JA845 in vivo. We also found that supplementation of B. coagulans JA845 alleviated amyloid-beta deposits and hyperphosphorylated tau in hippocampus of D-gal/AlCl₃-induced AD model mice. Furthermore, B. coagulans JA845 administration attenuated oxidative stress and decreased serum concentration of inflammatory cytokines by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 and MyD88/TRAF6/NF-κB pathway. Our results demonstrated for the first time that B. coagulans has the potential to help prevent cognitive decline and might be a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.