• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.369-377
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• 2011

Purpose: Childbirth self-efficacy plays an important role in women's ability to cope with labor and delivery. Coaching has been gaining popularity as a way to promote cognitive, emotional and behavioral change. This study aimed to test the effects of a Coaching-based childbirth program on anxiety and childbirth self-efficacy among primigravida women. Methods: The study design was a quasi-experimental pre-post design. A coaching-based childbirth program was developed synthesizing concepts and techniques from the literature on coaching and was verified by an expert panel. It consisted of four weekly 2-hour small group sessions. Pregnant women were recruited from H hospital in Seoul. Childbirth self-efficacy and state anxiety were measured before and after the program. Results: Although there was a no significant reduction in anxiety, there were statistically significant increase for childbirth self-efficacy in the experimental group when compared to the control group. Conclusion: The program appears to increase childbirth self-efficacy for pregnant women. Future studies may benefit from using mixed coaching modalities and consider measuring health behaviors and obstetric outcomes to gain insights on its long-term impact.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.1119-1130
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was done to develop the concept of grief focusing on the process of spousal bereavement in Korea. Methods: The Hybrid model was used for analysis according to the 3 phases. An extensive literature review was done for the Theoretical phase. In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 participants whose spouses died within the past 3 years in the Field phase. In the Final analytic phase, the results in the Theoretical and the Field phases were compared, analyzed, and integrated according to the process of grief. Results: The antecedent of the concept of spousal grief was spousal death. The dimensions of grief were classified to inner dimensions related to oneself, relational dimensions related to family and others, and existential dimensions related to the meaning of being. The attributes of grief were physical suffering, decline of cognitive ability, heartbreaking sorrow, expectations and conflicts of a new life, social stigma, dependence on or resentment towards God, etc. The empirical referent of grief was physical, psychological, social, and spiritual health status. The grieving progressed through 3 phases-shock-emancipation, suffering, and integration. Conclusion: Nurses should recognize the importance of their unique position as supporters for grievers, and try to assess individual characteristics and to provide tailored nursing interventions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2012

Haptic device is regarded as the human machine interface technology for easier, more accurate, and intuitive operation. The purpose of this study is to define driver's affection on the haptic device in terms of its design factor : the color of haptic lighting as independent factor. This paper is studied to improve the cognitive ability of existing vehicle haptic device used by only a tactile feedback. On the color feedback usability evaluation, the lmino haptic device is used by adding color feedback to the existing vehicle haptic device. The emotional factor that driver has on the haptic device is extracted by the sensibility analysis. As a result, it is possible to suggest the design direction that satisfies the driver.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.46 no.1 s.116
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• pp.33-52
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• 2007

This study is based on the grade 3 National Diagnostic Assessment of Basic Competency(NDABC) in 2005. The purpose of this study is to analyze the results of NDABC by students' gender. It was 19,257 grade 3 students that participated in this study. The average scores are 89.41 and 88.34 for each male and female. The percentage of Below-Basic level for male students is 4.6% and for female 5.6%. The percentage of female students at Below-Basic level is increasing for 3 years. In particular, the percentage of females at Below-Basic level is higher than that of males in the content of measurement, the cognitive domain of reasoning and problem solving, and the situation of real life. The item difficulty for males is lower in fraction, polygon, and right triangle than for females. But female students need to improve the space sense and the problem solving ability in real life. As for the background of students, males think that mathematics is exciting and not difficult in comparison with what females think. And parents of mates are more concerned about children's learning than those of females.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.13-19
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to develop and apply a make-a-thon program based on engineering problem solving for science high school students and to analyze the changes of participating students. Through the consultation of teachers and experts, a team-based and student-driven engineering problem-solving-oriented make-a-thon program was developed. And, the program operated using KAIST's human and material resources for 51 students. Students composed of 12 teams studied 12 topics through an engineering problem-solving process, and the overall program satisfaction was very high, on average 4.62. Through this program, students' creative leader competency have been positively changed, especially in cognitive characteristics (diffusion thinking, problem solving ability) and social characteristics (pursuit of social values). Attitudes toward engineering also changed positively, especially in terms of difficulty of engineering, interest in engineering, gender role in engineering, and engineering and occupational factors. In conclusion, it was confirmed that this program is very effective for science high school students with high demand for engineering education.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.731-747
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• 2004

The scientific inquiry enterprise consists of formulating hypotheses, testing hypotheses, evaluating evidence, and revising hypothesis. Scientific inquiry in the science classrooms requires students' background experience and knowledge with the phenomenon in order to ask appropriate questions, identify and define variables operationally, formulate hypotheses, and design clear and complete experiment. The ability to test hypotheses has been postulated to play a central role in cognitive processes. The purpose of this study was to analyze what the change of the quantity and quality of the hypothesis, the rejecting or accepting of the hypothesis, and the use results in the repetitional hypothesis activity experiments. To examine the problems, this study analyzed 5 classes which were designed and administered to 16 students of the 7th grade. The results of this study showed that students preferred the engineering method to scientific method and the quality of a second hypothesis got low. The quality of the hypothesis came to be higher through a repetitional hypothesis and the number of hypothesis was reduced. The results of the experiments did not play central roles in revising hypotheses and accepting or rejecting hypothesis.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.12-21
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• 2017

Purpose: This study attempts to examine the effects of a horticultural program on activities of daily living (ADL) and depression among older patients with mild dementia. Methods: This study adopted a quasi-experimental design-based nonequivalent control group pretest and posttest design, enrolling 30 older patients with mild dementia. The Korean Form of Geriatric Depression Scale was utilized, while the data was collected from the experimental group for 60 minutes, twice weekly for 6 weeks in 12 sessions. ADL and depression were assessed for both the experimental and the control group. Overall functions were assessed only for the experimental group. Results: The experimental group showed improvement in physical function, cognitive function, as well as psychological, emotional function and social function following each session (p<.001). The horticulture program was effective in both ADL ($Z^2=5.65$, p<.001) and depression (t=-5.24, p<.001). Conclusion: In this study, the horticultural therapy based on the Cox's interaction model had positive effects for older patients with mild dementia. Therefore, horticultural therapy may be commendably applied to older patients with mild dementia as a nursing intervention.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.496-508
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• 2020

This study reviews studies on the core stabilization of respiratory muscle training for the elderly health. Previous research data and presenting basic literature data suggest that respiratory activation is an important mechanism for core strengthening via exercise interventions for the elderly. The review found that first, the mechanism of improving the respiratory muscles weakened by aging to address the loss of core function due to old age sarcopenia among the elderly results entails promoting the autonomic nervous system by focusing on the respiratory muscle activation pattern, the core muscle sensation mobilized for body centering. Second, nerve roots, intraperitoneal pressure, and deep muscles in the trunk of the body can be promoted while controlling respiratory stimulation with cognitive feedback. Effortful inspiration increases the activation of respiratory assistive muscles and effortless exhalation can improve the core muscle mobilization by involving abdominal muscles. Third, through respiratory muscle training, the elderly can increase their awareness of spinal centering and improve the ability to control the deep core muscles that must be mobilized for core stabilization. In conclusion, respiratory muscle training to increase the utilization of the trunk muscles seems to be a useful core stabilization exercise for the elderly with chronic tension and joint degeneration.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 2009

Protecting an infant from a risk of accident was an absolute responsibility and duty of parents in the past. As increase in the ratio of entering kindergartens, the demand of all day program also increases. In infancy, safety concerns are higher than other periods since infants are curious about objects and environments and that have stronger impulse of the spirit of inquiry. Since baby's functioning is poor, an ability of balance maintenance and an exercise function are not sufficiently developed. Further more, they lack a cognitive power about self-control or situation. According to Korea Consumer Agency, safety accidents in infant institution have increased in 115% as 294 cases compared with 137 cases in 2004. Major causes of infant deaths are street accidents, drowning, and deaths from a fall in order. Considering this situation, we need to prevent and deal with accidents. Therefore this thesis grasp the situation and analyze an actual condition of an safety education about teachers who work in such institutions and infants who are educated in institutions to prevent from accidents and make up pleasant environments. Then, it will suggest all efficient safety education plans for infants to them.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.384-393
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• 2008

We examined the effect of green tea extract (GTE) and L-theanine combination on the $A{\beta}_{1-42}$-induced memory dysfunction. GTE and combination were administrated into mice for 3 weeks followed by injection of $A{\beta}_{1-42}$ to induce memory impairment. GTE and L-theanine administration significantly improved cognitive ability and reduced $A{\beta}_{1-42}$ level accompanied with the inhibition of neuronal cell death and activities of secretase. These results suggest that GTE and L-theanine combination may be a useful for preventing for the development or progression of Alzheimer's disease.