• 한국작물학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.214-222
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• 1998

These experiments were conducted to investigate water uptake, electrical conductivity, germination percentage, seedling growth, and seedling establishment rate in direct seeding cultivation of rice. The rice seeds of six japonica type varieties were coated with 12 kinds of polymers in a standard concentration of 0.2% using seed coating machine. The water absorption of the polymer-coated seeds under saturation conditions was not different among varieties, and was the highest in kulcel, maltrin, and waterlock on the polymer-coated seeds. The electrical conductivity with waterlock (55.0 $\mu scm^{-1}g^{-1}$) was higher than the control plot (45.6 $\mu scm^{-1}g^{-1}$) and other treatments. The germination of the polymer-coated seeds was 95.9% at control plot, 92.7% at low temperature and 35.7% at high temperature. The total dry weight of seed decreased in the order of low temperature, control plot, and high temperature, and was effective in pvp (polyvinyl pyrrolidone), opadry, and sacrust. The seedling establishment rate in direct seeding cultivation ranged from 74.9 to 81.0% in flooded paddy surface, and ranged from 64.7 to 76.6% in dry paddy. In both cases, it decreased in the order of early, medium and medium-late varieties, but was enhanced in daran 8600, sepirect, and sacrust. According to this study the recommended polymers for direct seeding cultivation of rice are daran 8600, sepirect, and sacrust.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.3553-3558
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• 2014

The reduced graphene oxide(rGO)/aluminum phosphate($AlPO_4$)-coated $LiMn_{1.5}Ni_{0.5}O_4$ (LMNO) cathode material has been developed by hydroxide precursor method for LMNO and by a facile solution based process for the coating with GO/$AlPO_4$ on the surface of LMNO, followed by annealing process. The amount of $AlPO_4$ has been varied from 0.5 wt % to 1.0 wt %, while the amount of rGO is maintained at 1.0 wt %. The samples have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The rGO/$AlPO_4$-coated LMNO electrodes exhibit better cyclic performance compared to that of pristine LMNO electrode. Specifically, rGO(1%)/$AlPO_4$(0.5%)- and rGO(1%)/$AlPO_4$(1%)-coated electrodes deliver a discharge capacity of, respectively, $123mAhg^{-1}$ and $122mAhg^{-1}$ at C/6 rate, with a capacity retention of, respectively, 96% and 98% at 100 cycles. Furthermore, the surface-modified LMNO electrodes demonstrate higher-rate capability. The rGO(1%)/$AlPO_4$(0.5%)-coated LMNO electrode shows the highest rate performance demonstrating a capacity retention of 91% at 10 C rate. The enhanced electrochemical performance can be attributed to (1) the suppression of the direct contact of electrode surface with the electrolyte, resulting in side reactions with the electrolyte due to the high cut-off voltage, and (2) smaller surface resistance and charge transfer resistance, which is confirmed by total polarization resistance and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.250-254
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• 2006

Purpose: The treatment of diabetic foot ulcers with total contact cast has been reported to be associated with numerous undesirable complications. This study shows that our technique of total contact casting that incorporates high concentration silver coated foam dressing. Materials and Methods: Forty-four diabetic foot ulcers were treated with total contact cast along with high concentration silver coated foam dressing. Complication and healing rates were evaluated. Results: Eighty five percent of the ulcers healed within 6 weeks with an overall complication rate of 7%. There were only two cases (5%) of infection and no recurrent ulceration and no another site new pressure ulcer in our study. Conclusion: Total contact casting incorporates high concentration silver coated foam dressing resulted in fewer complications rate and healing rate that is comparable to other studies.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 1997

The objective of this study was to observe the differences in growth of creeping bentgrass turf to 'polymer coated urea fertilizer' and 'uncoated urea fertilizer', and to analyze durability of fertilizer effect with the 'polymer coated urea'. The experiment was initiated on June 3, 1996, at the Iowa State University Horticulture Research Station, north of Ames, Iowa. The experiment was conducted on an area of 'Penneagle' Creeping bentgrass(Agrostis palustris) maintained at fair-'way mowing height (1.3cm). The study was repeated at the same arrangement beginning on July 25, 1996. Visual quality data, clipping fresh and dry weight, and nitrogen(N) content in the clippings were taken weekly. Quality of the turf increased with increasing N rate. While quality ratings were higher for turf receiving polymer coated urea than for turf receiving uncoated urea at several times following treatment, but not significant. Fresh and dry clipping weights were quite variable during the trial. Visual quality rating and clipping yields improved with increasing rates of N but these differences were not statically significant between polymer coated and uncoated urea treatment. The durability of fertilizer efficiency in polymer coated urea was not last longer compare with uncoated urea from two weeks after treatment. Higher rates of N application increased the concentration of N in tissue but no significant differences between turf plots receiving polymer coated and uncoated urea. Key words: Polymer coated urea, Creeping bentgrass, Fertilizer, Turfgrass.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.222-228
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• 2000

The life time of cutting tool was studied in the relation with the properties of TiN coating tools. The purpose of this study is to compare the cutting conditions of the TiN coated tools with those of the non-coated tools and to find out the optimal cutting condition of the TiN coated tool. The coated tools were prepared by the sputtering process at $4$\times$10^{-3}$Torr. When the cutting speed is increased 22.2% from 90m/min, the limited life of coating bite was decreased by 60.61%, but non-coating bite was decreased by 64.05%. In the tool lifetime equation of the coated tools "a"(exponent of feed rate) was not much changed in comparison with that of the non-coated tools but "n" (exponent of tool′s life) was increased by 9.3% and "b" (exponent of cutting depth) was increased by 2.4%. It was thought to be that TiN coated tools was used for higher cutting speed than non-coated tools to improve the lifetime of the coated tools.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.103-112
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• 2003

리튬이차전지 음극활물질로 사용되는 합성흑연입자에 여러종류금속을 코팅하여 그 전기화학적특성을 조사하였으며, 구체적인 코팅방법으로는 가스분산스프레이 코팅법을 적용하였다. 본 연구범위내에서 금속을 코팅한 입자로 제조된 전극은 충방전시 형성되는 계면저항을 감소시킴으로서 결과적으로 원시료에 비해서 높은 방전용량을 나타내었다. CV실험을 통해서 은과 주석은 리튬과의 합금반응을 확인할 수 있었으나, 2.5 중량$\%$ 이하의 낮은 코팅량을 고려했을 때, 높은 분산도를 지닌 금속 물질의 코팅을 통한 전극 활물질 표면의 균일한 전도도의 증가가 주요원인인 것으로 사료되었다. 단일계 금속으로 코팅하였을 경우 은코팅한 전극활물질이 가장 높은 방전용량과 사이클특성을 나타내었고, 은을 기본으로 하는 이성분계에서는 은-니켈전극이 가장 높은 고율특성을 나타내었다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2023

This study aimed to evaluate corrosion resistance of steel coated with GI and Zn-Al-Mg alloy using cyclic corrosion test (CCT) with electrochemical polarization and impedance measurements. Results showed that the Zn-Al-Mg alloy coated steel had a much higher corrosion rate than GI coated steel in early stages of corrosion. With prolonged immersion, however, the corrosion rate of the Zn-Al-Mg alloy coated steel greatly decreased, mainly owing to a significant decrease in the cathodic reduction reaction and an increase in polarization resistance at the surface. This was closely associated with the formation of protective corrosion products including Zn₅(OH)₈Cl₂·H₂O and Zn₆Al₂(OH)₁₆CO₃. Moreover, when the steel substrate was locally exposed due to mechanical damage, the kinetics of anodic dissolution from the coating layer and the formation of protective corrosion products on the surface of the Zn-Al-Mg alloy coated steel became much faster compared to the case of GI coated steel. This could provide a longer-lasting corrosion inhibition function for Zn-Al-Mg alloy coated steel used in plant farms.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2001

가식성 코팅 처리가 신선절단 배의 품질특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 단백질 소재인 albumin, 탄수화물 소재인 dextrin, 지질 소재인 SPE(Sucrose polyester) 그리고 WSF(Whole soy flour)를 코팅재료로 선택하여 일정 농도로 조제한 코팅용액을 배를 dipping하여 코팅처리 한 후 $4^{\circ}C$에서 10일간 저장하면서 품질변화를 측정하였다. 중량감소율은 모든 코팅 처리구에서 대조구에 비해 억제되었다. 배의 경우는 2% dexrin 및 1% WSF 및 1% albumin 및 3% dextrin 코팅처리가 효과적이었다. $\Delta$E 값은 코팅처리 후 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 증가하는 경향이었으며 코팅재료에 따른 뚜렷한 차이를 나타나지 않았다. 과육의 경도는 1% 및 2% dextrin 처리구를 제외한 모든 처리구에서 대조구와 같이 높은 경도를 유지하고 있었으며 저장 5일 후에는 경도가 큰 폭으로 감소하는 경향이었다. 총 산도는 코팅처리 후 저장 중 감소하며 pH는 증가하는 경향이었으며 코팅처리에 의해 그 변과학 다소 억제되었으나 처리구에 따른 뚜렷한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 가용성 고형분의 함량은 저장 기간동안 뚜렷한 변화가 없었으며 vitamin C의 함량은 큰 차이가 없었다. 코팅 재료의 농도에 따른 관능평가 결과 0.5% albumin, 4% dextrin, 1.0% SPE, 0.5% WSF 처리구가 좋은 성적을 나타내었으며 그 중 4% dextrin 처리구가 모든 항목에서 가장 좋은 평점을 기록하였다. 가식성 코팅 처리한배의 호흡속도를 측정한 결과 dextrin 및 WSF 처리구에서 이산화탄소의 발생량이 낮게 나타나 호흡이 억제되었다. 이상의 결과에서 배의 코팅에 사용한 소재 중 과실의 중량 및 갈변억제 측면에서는 2-3% dextrin, 당, 산 비타민 등 성분 및 경도유지 측면에서는 1% albumin, 그리고 관능적 특성에서는 4% dextrin 처리구가 가장 양호한 것으로 여겨졌다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2020

In order to improve the electromagnetic shielding rate of Carbon Fiber (CF), it was produced using the nickel nano-powder impregnating method. Using two types of nickel powder having thicknesses of 50 ㎛ and 100 ㎛, and a thermoplastic elastomer resin, a compound containing 10-20% nickel content was mixed and then manufactured through an extruder. The CF coated with the compound was woven and manufactured using a 1-ply specimen. The final nickel content of the specimen was verified using TGA and the distribution of nickel powder on the CF surface was verified using SEM. The metal shows a high shielding rate in the low-frequency band, but the shielding rate decreases at higher-frequency bands. The CF improves at the higher frequency band, and metals reflect electromagnetic waves while carbon absorbs electromagnetic waves. The study of shielding materials, which are stronger and lighter than metal, by using CF lighter than metal and enabling the shielding rate from low-frequency band to high-frequency band, confirmed that the larger the area coated with nickel nano-powder, the better the electromagnetic shielding performance. In particular, CF coated with a thickness of 100 ㎛ has a shielding rate similar to that of copper and can also be used for EV/HEV automotive cables and other applications in the future.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.347-352
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• 2011

Health insurance review & Assessment service (HIRA) has enforced cutting the drug costs when physicians prescribe split extended release drugs, starting from December, 2010. The objective of this study is to analyze extended release and enteric coated drugs on pharmaceutical reimbursement list in Korea, and to investigate the impact and barriers of the health insurance review on splitting extended-release formulation drugs. By using the ingredient code, extended release and enteric coated formulations make up 7.8% of all drugs in April, 2011. The most frequently used drugs are agent affecting circulatory and digestive system. From the extended release and enteric coated formulations (n=112), 34.8% (n=39) were not available in other dosage forms. According to questionnaire survey for 169 pharmacists (response rate: 73.8%), the rate of splitting and crushing of extended release and enteric coated drugs decreased. When pharmacists correct physician's prescription errors, the biggest problem was lack of other dosage forms. So it is necessary to develop variety of other dosage forms, and computerized checking system for splitting extended-release drugs. It is also important to inform physicians and patients in regard to the problems of split prescription of extended release and enteric coated drugs.