• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.140-148
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• 2014

고조방파제는 폭풍해일이나, 대조시 창조류로부터 내부 해역을 보호하기 위하여 설계된 특수한 형태의 수문 구조물로, 홍수 방지 벽, 방조제 및 다른 구조물로 구성된다. 평상시 고조방파제는 해수 소통을 허용하지만, 폭풍해일이 예상되면 폐쇄된다. 폐쇄시키는 다양한 방법 중 본 연구에서는 이태리 모세프로젝트에 적용한 것과 같은 부유 플랩형 고조방파제를 마산만에 적용할 경우, 폭풍해일 및 파랑이 작용할 때의 고조방파제 거동특성을 3차원 유동해석프로그램인 FLOW-3D를 이용하여 살펴보았다. 수치해석결과, 고조차 2 m인 상태에서 파고 3 m 조건에서도 고조방파제로서의 기능을 발휘할 수 있는 것으로 평가되었다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2020

Due to global climate change, Korea is experiencing flooding and drought severely. It is hard to manage water resources because intensive precipitation during short periods and drought are commonly occurred in Korea, recently. Severe drought occurred in 2015 and 2017 in the islands, and coastal and inland areas in Korea, and the citizens experienced decreased water supply and emergency water service by using bottled water. Therefore, the Korean government provided additional governmental funds such as the grant of drought disaster. In this study, we tried to calculate the cost of water for drought response based on the cost of tap water for the regional local governments in Korea and the grant of drought disaster by the Ministry of the Interior and Safety in Korea, etc. The estimated costs of water for drought responses in coastal and inland areas which have a chance to apply alternative water sources such as brackish or seawater desalination and water reuse in Korea were higher than in other areas in Korea. Additionally, as the novel approach of drought response, the 300 ㎥/day-scale desalination vessel was suggested to provide desalinated water for the islands in Korea. The estimated expenses of water supply for the target island areas (Sinan-gun and Jindo-gun) by the desalination vessel was lower than those by emergency water service by using bottled water.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2022년도 학술발표회
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• pp.329-329
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• 2022

Accurate characterization of terrestrial precipitation variation from high spatial resolution satellite sensors is beneficial for urban hydrology and microscale agriculture modeling, as well as natural disasters (e.g., urban flooding) early warning. However, the widely-used top-down approach for precipitation retrieval from microwave satellites is limited in several hydrological and agricultural applications due to their coarse spatial resolution. In this research, we aim to apply a novel bottom-up method, the parameterized SM2RAIN, where precipitation can be estimated from soil moisture signals based on an inversion of water balance model, to generate high spatial resolution terrestrial precipitation estimates at 0.01º grid (roughly 1-km) from the C-band SAR Sentinel-1. This product was then tested against a common reanalysis-based precipitation data and a domestic rain gauge network from the Korean Meteorological Administration (KMA) over central South Korea, since a clear difference between climatic types (coasts and mainlands) and land covers (croplands and mixed forests) was reported in this area. The results showed that seasonal precipitation variability strongly affected the SM2RAIN performances, and the product derived from separated parameters (rainy and non-rainy seasons) outperformed that estimated considering the entire year. In addition, the product retrieved over the mainland mixed forest region showed slightly superior performance compared to that over the coastal cropland region, suggesting that the 6-day time resolution of S1 data is suitable for capturing the stable precipitation pattern in mainland mixed forests rather than the highly variable precipitation pattern in coastal croplands. Future studies suggest comparing this product to the traditional top-down products, as well as evaluating their integration for enhancing high spatial resolution precipitation over entire South Korea.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2008년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.33-39
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• 2008

Most New Zealanders reside in coastal regions and four of the larger cities are situated on active floodplains. There have been many recent storm events with rainfall AEPs of 1/150 or rarer and there have been recent flood-related disasters. Insurance claim statistics indicate that the frequency of floods is increasing. Such statistics are alarming local government authorities, insurance companies and populations in low-lying areas. The underlying physical and hydrologic causes of the flood disasters are investigated. It is found that the present numbers of rare rainfall events are not unexpected and there does not appear to be any significant trend evident in the occurrence of river floods. What is revealed is that the river floods appear clustered in certain decades. The clusters do not occur at the same times in different parts of the county. Recently there have been more floods in the north of New Zealand which is where more of the population lives. Also, the increase in population has seen more houses built in locations prone to flooding. Thus the increase in flood-related insurance claims is attributed to more people getting in the way of floods, rather than an increase in the number of floods that have occurred.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.298-307
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• 2021

태풍은 7~10월에 집중적으로 발생하며, 이 시기에 해수면도 가장 높게 나타난다. 특히 우리나라 하계 해수면은 연평균과 비교했을 때 서해안 약 14.5 cm, 남해안 약 9.0~14.5 cm, 동해안 약 9.0 cm 내외로 더 높게 나타난다. 하계에 상승하는 해수면과 대형 태풍이 겹치면 연안 저지대에 침수, 범람 등의 피해를 야기할 수 있다. 따라서 연안저지대의 피해를 저감하기 위해 해안 구조물 설계 및 안정성 검토 시 정확한 해일고 산정이 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 태풍이 영향을 미친 하계 해수면 상승이 고려된 해당 월의 평균 해수면으로부터 산정된 해일고(SH_m)를 산정하고 이를 연평균 해수면이 고려된 기존 해일고(SH_a)와 비교하여 특이현상 분석의 타당성을 재검토하였다. 연구 결과, 연평균 해수면 대비 해수면 상승 폭이 가장 큰 8~9월에 발생한 BOLAVEN(SANBA)의 직접 영향을 받은 남서(남동)해안에서 SH_a, SH_m의 해일고(cm) 차이는 7.8~24.5(23.6~34.5), 간접 영향권에 속한 남동(남서)해안에서 -1.0~0.0(8.3~12.2)로 나타난다. 그러나, 연평균 및 월평균 해수면이 비슷한 높이를 가지는 10월에 남동해안에 직접적 영향을 미친 CHABA(KONG-REY)의 경우 5.2~14.2(19.8~21.6), 간접 영향을 미친 서해안에서 3.2~6.3(-3.2~3.7)으로 직·간접 영향권 모두 SH_a와 SH_m의 차이가 작아진다. 연평균 해수면을 기준으로 산정한 기존 해일고는 상승된 하계 해수면이 고려되지 못하여, 실제 태풍 시 발생하는 해일고에 비해 과대 산정된 것으로 평가된다. 따라서 정확한 해일고 개념 정립과 함께 기존의 연평균 해수면을 고려한 해일고 기준으로 설계된 연안 시설물 마루높이 등의 타당성 검토가 재논의되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.169-179
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• 2017

최근 우리나라는 온난화 현상 및 기후변화 등으로 인해 국지성 호우 발생 빈도가 잦아지고 있다. 특히 인구가 밀집되어 있는 도심지역이면서 지형적 지리적 여건, 우수배제능력 부족 등으로 인해 내수침수의 위험도가 높은 지역은 국지성 호우에 취약하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 집중호우에 취약한 장항읍을 시범유역으로 지정하고 대표적인 내수범람 해석모형인 XP-SWMM 모형을 이용한 침수해석을 실시하였다. 또한 해당지역에 알맞은 홍수방어 대책 을 수립하기 위해 다기준 의사결정기법(Multi-Criteria Decision Making)을 이용, 다양한 홍수방어 대안을 비교 및 평가하여 최적의 홍수방어대안을 제시하였다. 해당지역의 침수해소를 위해 구조적 침수방지대책(관로 개량, 우수저류지 설치, 우수펌프장 설치)을 선정하였으며, 대상지역을 3개의 소유역으로 분할하여 최적대안을 결정하였다. 2차원 내수침수 해석모형인 XP-SWMM을 이용하여 각 대안 설치 시 침수모의를 진행하였으며, 다기준 의사결정기법 Compromise Programming 기법을 이용하여 시범지역에 적합한 최적대안 우선순위를 결정하였으며, 그 결과 장항1지구의 경우 우수펌프장 설치, 장항2지구와 3지구의 경우 우수저류지 설치가 홍수방어를 위한 최적대안으로 선정되었다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제51권7호
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• pp.565-574
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• 2018

아시아 지역의 인구증가와 하천주변 및 삼각주 평야 저지대의 인구밀도 집중으로 인해 우기 시 아시아의 많은 지역에서 홍수로 인한 대규모 인명 및 재산 피해가 발생하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 NOAA에서 제공하는 1992년부터 2003년까지의 나이트라이트 위성영상자료를 수집하여 인명 및 재산피해 정보와의 상호 공간분석을 통해 메콩강 유역의 홍수피해에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 인명 및 재산피해 자료는 EM-DAT에서 제공하는 지역 공간분포자료를 활용하였으며, 메콩강 주하천 격자로 부터 모든 임의 격자의 떨어진 거리를 계산하여 해당 격자에서의 나이트라이트 강도와 인명 및 재산피해와의 상관분석을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 나이트라이트 강도가 클수록 홍수피해가 큰 것으로 분석되었으며, 특히, 하천으로부터 가까운 거리에서 나이트라이트 강도가 높게 나타났다. 이는 높은 나이트라이트 강도를 갖는 격자, 즉 인구밀집도가 상대적으로 높은 격자가 메콩강 하천주변으로 분포되어 있으며, 홍수피해와 양의 상관관계를 갖고 있음을 의미한다. 이와 같이 나이트라이트 위성영상정보는 에너지소비, 재해 등 다양한 공간분석을 통해 사회경제적 영향성 평가를 위한 대리변수로 사용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.871-883
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• 2020

Due to recent heavy rain events, there are increasing demands for adapting infrastructure design, including drainage facilities in urban basins. Therefore, a clear definition of urban rainfall must be provided; however, currently, such a definition is unavailable. In this study, urban rainfall is defined as a rainfall event that has the potential to cause water-related disasters such as floods and landslides in urban areas. Moreover, based on design rainfall, these disasters are defined as those that causes excess design flooding due to certain rainfall events. These heavy rain scenarios require that the design of various urban rainfall facilities consider design rainfall in the target years of their life cycle, for disaster prevention. The average frequency of heavy rain in each region, inland and coastal areas, was analyzed through a frequency analysis of the highest annual rainfall in the past year. The potential change in future rainfall intensity changes the service level of the infrastructure related to hand-to-hand construction; therefore, the target year and design rainfall considering the climate change premium were presented. Finally, the change in dimensional safety according to the RCP8.5 climate change scenario was predicted.

• 농촌계획
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.145-155
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• 2014

Since greenhouse gas emissions increase continuously, the authorities have needed climate change countermeasure for adapting the acceleration of climate change damages. According to "Framework Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth", Korean local governments should have established the implementation plan of climate change adaptation. These guidelines which is the implementation plan of climate change adaptation should be established countermeasure in 7 fields such as Health, Digester/Catastrophe, Agriculture, Forest, Ecosystem, Water Management and Marine/Fisheries. Basically the Korean local governments expose vulnerable financial condition, therefore the authorities might be assessed the vulnerability by local regions and fields, in order to establish an efficient implementation plan of climate change adaptation. Based on this concepts, this research used 3 methods which are LCCGIS, questionnaire survey analysis and analysis of existing data for the multiphasic vulnerable assessment. This study was verified the correlation among 7 elements of climate change vulnerability by 3 analysis methods, in order to respond climate change vulnerability in rural areas, Seocheon-gun. If the regions were evaluated as a vulnerable area by two or more evaluation methods in the results of 3 methods' comparison and evaluation, those areas were selected by vulnerable area. As a result, the vulnerable area of heavy rain and flood was Janghang-eup and Maseo-myeon, the vulnerable area of typhoon was Janghang-eup, Masan-myeon and Seo-myeon. 3 regions (i.e. Janghang-eup, Biin-myeon, Seo-myeon) were vulnerable to coastal flooding, moreover Masan-myeon, Pangyo-myeon and Biin-myeon exposed to vulnerability of landslide. In addition, Pangyo-myeon, Biin-myeon and Masan-myeon was evaluated vulnerable to forest fire, as well as the 3 sites; Masan-myeon, Masan-myeon and Pangyo-myeon was identified vulnerable to ecosystem. Lastly, 3 regions (i.e. Janghang-eup, Masan-myeon and Masan-myeon) showed vulnerable to flood control, additionally Janghang-eup and Seo-myeon was vulnerable to water supply. However, all region was evaluated vulnerable to water quality separately. In a nutshell this paper aims at deriving regions which expose climate change vulnerabilities by multiphasic vulnerable assessment of climate change, and comparing-evaluating the assessments.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2018년도 학술발표회
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• pp.145-145
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• 2018

Small islands rely heavily on groundwater resources in addition to rainwater as the source of freshwater since surface water bodies are often absent. The groundwater resources are vulnerable to sea level rise, coastal flooding, saltwater intrusion, irregular pattern of precipitation resulting in long droughts and flash floods. Increase in population increases the demand for the limited groundwater resources, thus aggravating the problem. In this study, the effects of climate change on Tongatapu Island, Kingdom of Tonga, a small island in Pacific Ocean, are investigated using a sharp interface transient groundwater flow model. Twenty nine downscaled General Circulation Model(GCM) predictions are input to a water balance model to estimate the groundwater recharge. The temporal variation in recharge is predicted over the period of 2010 to 2099. A set of GCM models are selected to represent the ensemble of 29 models based on cumulative recharge at the end of the century. This set of GCM model predictions are then used to simulate a total of six climate scenarios, three each (2010-2039, 2040-2069, and 2070-2099) under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. The impacts of predicted climate change on groundwater resources is evaluated in terms of freshwater volume changes and saltwater ratios in pumping wells compared to present conditions. Though the cumulative recharge at the end of the century indicates a wetter climate compared to the present conditions the large variability in rainfall pattern results in frequent periods of groundwater drought leading to saltwater intrusion in pumping wells. Thus for sustaining the limited groundwater resources in small islands, implementation of timely assessment and management practices are of utmost importance.