• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.627-638
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• 2019

Estimation of representative elementary volume (REV) of jointed rock masses is critical to predict the mechanical behavior of field-scale rock masses. The REV of jointed rock masses at site is strongly influenced by stress state. The paper proposed a method to systematically studied the influence of confining stress on the REV of jointed rock masses with various strengths (weak, medium and strong), which were sourced from the water inlet slope of Xiaowan Hydropower Station, China. A finite element method considering material heterogeneity was employed, a series of two-dimensional (2D) models was established based on the Monte-Carlo method and a lot of biaxial compressive tests were conducted. Numerical results showed that the REV of jointed rock masses presented a step-like reduction as the normalized confining stress increased. Confining stress weakened the size effect of jointed rock masses, indicating that the REV determined under uniaxial compression test can be reasonably taken as the REV of jointed rock masses under complexed in-situ stress environment.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.31-45
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• 1996

This paper presents the results from a hydrodynamic model study to predict the impacts of coastal reclamation in Pusan harbor system using RMA2 which is a tidal flow model of the US Army Corps of Engineers' TABS-2 system. A finite element mesh was constructed and refined to cover the complicated geometry of Pusan harbor system and the proposed reclamation area. The model was calibrated to tidal elevations and currents measured during spring fall syzygys. Under the three different tidal conditions including summer winter syzygys, spring fall quarters, and summer winter quarters, the model predictions were compared with the field measurements both in tidal elevation and current. In all cases, there were excellent agreements between the model predictions and the field measurements. The validated model was then used to predict the changes in tidal current and elevation that might occur due to the coastal reclamation. It was predicted that there would be no change in tidal elevation of this system after the reclamation. In tidal current, however, discernible changes were predicted near the proposed reclamation area both in magnitude and direction.

• Ocean Science Journal
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.245-254
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• 2006

Long term wave climate of both extreme wave and operational wave height is essential for planning and designing coastal structures. Since the field wave data for the waters around Korean peninsula is not enough to provide reliable wave statistics, the wave climate information has been generated by means of long-term wave hindcasting using available meteorological data. Basic data base of hindcasted wave parameters such as significant wave height, peak period and direction has been established continuously for the period of 25 years starting from 1979 and for major 106 typhoons for the past 53 years since 1951 for each grid point of the North East Asia Regional Seas with grid size of 18 km. Wind field reanalyzed by European Center for Midrange Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) was used for the simulation of waves for the extra-tropical storms, while wind field calculated by typhoon wind model with typhoon parameters carefully analyzed using most of the available data was used for the simulation of typhoon waves. Design wave heights for the return period of 10, 20, 30, 50 and 100 years for 16 directions at each grid point have been estimated by means of extreme wave analysis using the wave simulation data. As in conventional methodsi of design criteria estimation, it is assumed that the climate is stationary and the statistics and extreme analysis using the long-term hindcasting data are used in the statistical prediction for the future. The method of extreme statistical analysis in handling the extreme vents like typhoon Maemi in 2003 was evaluated for more stable results of design wave height estimation for the return periods of 30-50 years for the cost effective construction of coastal structures.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2005년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2005
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• pp.671-674
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• 2005

Atmospheric correction over the ocean part is more important than that over the land because the signal from the ocean is very small about one tenth of that reflected from land. In this study, the Spectral Shape Matching Method (SSMM) developed by Ahn and Shanmugam (2004) is evaluated using Landsat imagery acquired over the highly turbid Saemangeum Coastal Area. The result of SSMM is compared with COST model developed by Chavez (1991 and 1997). In principle, SSMM is simple and easy to implement on any satellite imagery, relying on both field and image properties. To assess the potential use of these methods, several field campaigns were conducted in the Saemangeum coastal area corresponding with Landsat-7 satellite's overpass on 29 May 2005. In-situ data collected from the coastal waters of Saemangeum using optical instruments (ASD field spectroradiometer) consists of ChI, Ap, SS, aooM, F(d). In order to perform SSMM, we use the in-situ water-leaving radiance spectra from clear oceanic waters to estimate the the path radiance from total signal recorded at the top of the atmosphere (TOA), due to the reason that the shape of clear water-leaving radiance spectra is nearly stable than turbid water-leaving radiance spectra. The retrieved water-leaving radiance after subtraction of path signal from TOA signal in this way is compared with that estimated by COST model. The result shows that SSMM enabled retrieval of water-leaving radiance spectra that are consistent with in-situ data obtained from Saemangeum coastal waters. The COST model yielded significantly high errors in these areas.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.224-235
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• 2014

본 연구는 낙동강 진우도 자연 해빈에 내습하는 해양파랑, 해안표착물(해양쓰레기), 배후 식생대 전선의 변화 과정에 대한 상호작용에 대해서 고찰하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 해빈단면 측량, 입사파랑 수치모의실험, 해안표착물 분포 현장 조사, 자연해빈 식생대선 현장 조사 등을 수행하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. (1) 진우도 자연해빈의 지반고는 상승하고 있으며 이에 따라서 해안사구 식생대 전선도 전진하는 경향을 나타내고 있다. 지반고가 표고 1.5 m이상이 되는 상황에서 대체적으로 식생대의 전선이 외해방향으로 발달하는 경향이 강하게 나타났다. (2) 진우도 전면 수심에 의해 파랑변형된 입사파랑이 공간상으로 상이하고 소상대에서의 처오름 현상도 공간상으로 복잡한 변화를 야기할 것으로 생각할 수 있다. 해양쓰레기는 파의 처오름이 큰 경우 배후 식생대 전선에 표착물이 도달하고 그렇지 못한 경우에는 해빈상에 독립적인 섬의 형태로 표착물을 침적/퇴적시킬 가능성이 있다. 따라서 이렇게 침적된 표착물은 배후 식생대전선의 전진과 후퇴를 결정짓게 하는 요인이라 할 수 있다. 최종적으로 본 연구에서는 조사결과를 바탕으로 해안표착물과 식생대 전선의 상호작용에 대한 개념적 모식도를 제시하였다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2006년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.46-55
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• 2006

There are many kinds of braced cut wall methods as the sheet pile, SCW, CIP and slurry wall which is adoptable for a deep excavation construction in a coastal filled land. The braced cut wall which has a strong stiffness is very stable but it has the weak point that the construction cost is high. Thus when a braced cut wall is designed, the geotechnical engineers choose the braced cut wall which has more safe and economic in the consideration of surrounding buildings near the construction site. Especially, when the sheet pile method as a braced cut wall is cheesed, the layer order and consistence of a coastal deposit stratum are considered and the pile driving method is also considered. This paper introduces the case that the originally box-type sheet pile wall was changed to U-type and high strength material after the pilot test at the subway construction site in a coastal filled land. This paper also introduces the case that the sheet pile's driving method was changed to special method in the section of the temporary coffer dam which had made when the present coastal filled land was formed.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.627-634
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• 2005

Gunsan-Janghang Harbor is located at the mouth of Gum River, on the central west coast of Korea The harbor and coastal boundaries are protected from the effects of the open ocean by natural coastal islands and shoals due to depositions from the river, and two breakwaters. The navigation channel commences at the gap formed by the outer breakwater and extends through a bay via a long channel formed by an isolated jetty. For better understanding and analysis of wave transformation process where a wide coastline changes appear due to on-going reclamation works, we applied the spectral wave model including wind effect to the related site, together with the energy balance models. This paper summarizes comparisons of coastal responses predicted by several numerical wave predictions obtained at the coastal waters near Gunsan-Janghang Harbor. Field and numerical model investigations were initially conducted for the original navigation channel management project. We hope to contribute from this study that coastal engineers are able to use safety the numerical models in the area of port and navigational channel design.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.489-497
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• 2008

정부는 지역제조산업 육성을 목적으로 기존 부지를 개선 확장하거나 해안지역 매립을 통하여 신설하는 방향으로 산업단지조성을 위한 정책을 펼치고 있다. 따라서, 물리적 환경적인 특성의 관점에서 해안지역매립으로 인한 영향의 분석은 반드시 필요하다. 본 논문도 임해지역 국가산업단지 조성에 따른 영향을 인근 해역의 해양물리적 특성, 퇴적 및 확산 체계 변화, 해양환경 변화 등의 현상을 현장관측조사 및 수치시뮬레이션을 통하여 분석하고자 한다. 적용대상역은 울산광역시의 온산국가산업단지 인근의 해안선경계역이다. 검증을 위해 조석, 조류 및 퇴적에 관한 기존의 관측자료를 확보하였으며 일부 특정지점에서는 현장관측도 수행하였다. 검증한 모델로 실제대상해역에 적용하고 장래변화를 분석하였다.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2007

천해파랑을 산정하기 위하여 천수, 굴절, 회절, 반사 및 쇄파 등의 파랑변형요소를 고려하는 대부분의 수치모델은 천해역에서의 바람장을 수치모델과 결합하여 천해파랑을 산정하고 있다. 그리고, 일반적으로 천해역에서 바람장을 산정하는 경우에 태풍모델로부터 얻어진 바람장을 해상풍으로 변환하여 사용하고 있다. 그러나, 이러한 해상풍 산정법은 해상풍의 평가에 중요한 요소로 작용될 수 있는 육상지형의 영향에 대해서는 고려하고 있지 않다. 본 연구는 천해역에서의 해상풍 산정에 대하여 육상지형의 영향을 고려함으로써, 결과적으로 정도 높은 천해파랑산정을 목적으로 한다. 먼저 지역적으로 차폐 및 개방되어 있는 해역을 대상으로 태풍모델로부터 얻어진 해상풍과 본 연구에서 적용하는 육상지형의 영향을 고려할 수 있는 MASCON모델로 산정된 해상풍의 결과를 상호 비교 검토한다. 그리고, 각 모델로부터 얻어진 해상풍을 SWAN모델에 적용하여 천해파랑을 산정하며, 이의 결과를 상호 비교 검토한다. 검토된 결과로부터 정도 높은 천해파랑산정을 위한 MASCON모델의 필요성을 논의한다.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.301-307
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• 2009

국내에서는 조류속이 강한 곳이 다수 존재하여 조류발전 가능성이 높다. 이러한 조류발전은 유속이 빠른 곳에 터빈과 발전기를 설치하여 해수의 운동에너지로부터 전기를 생산하는 발전방식이다. 본 연구에서는 조류발전 시스템에 사용되는 헬리컬 터빈의 효율과 특성치 등을 현장실험을 바탕으로 파악하고자 하였다. 현장실험을 위하여 지름 2.2 m, 높이 2.5 m의 터빈을 제작하고, 울돌목 협수로의 한 쪽 면에 쟈켓구조물을 설치하여 터빈에 대한 실험을 실시하였다. 3-blade 헬리컬 터빈은 1.5 m/s와 2.1 m/s 사이의 유속에서 30 %정도의 효율을,6-blade 터빈은 25 %정도의 효율을 나타내었으며, 이러한 효율은 유속의 변화에 따라 변함없이 거의 일정한 수준을 나타내었다. 3-blade 터빈의 TSR은 2.4정도인 것으로 파악되었고, 6-blade 터빈의 TSR은 1.9정도로 관찰되었다. 이러한 터빈들의 TSR은 유속이 1.5 m/s에서 2.1 m/s로 변화해도 거의 일정하게 측정되었다.