• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.285.2-286
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• 2001

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.327.1-327.1
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• 2002

Glycosaminoglycans(PT -Gag) were isolated from the porcine testis. From the PT -Gag, we obtained two different types of Gag fractions using Dowex macro porous Resin MSA-1 column, PT -Gag-1.5% NaCl and PT -Gag-16% NaCl. Various biological activities of the GAGs were examined in aspect of anticoagulant and immunomodulating activity. The anticoagulant activity of the GAGs was evaluated by activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT ) assay and thrombin time (TT) assay. The GAGs of porcine testis markedly incresed the clotting times of both of aPTT and TT. showing that PT-Gag-16% NaCl was more effective than PT-Gag-1.5% NaCl. The immunomodulating activityof the GAGs was examined in relation to regulation of xytoxine prodution of murine peritoeal maerophages. Taken together. GAGs isolated from porcine testis possess bilolgical functions such as anticoagulant and immunomodulating activity.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.276.2-276.2
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• 2002

Glycosaminoglycans(PT -Gag) were isolated from the porcine testis. From the PT -Gag. we obtained two different types of Gag fractions using Dowex macroporous Resin MSA-1 column. PT-Gag-1.5% NaCl and PT -Gag-16% NaCl. Various biological activities of the GAGs were examined in aspect of anticoagulant and immunomodulating activity. The anticoagulant activity of the GAGs was evaluated by activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT ) assay and thrombin time (TT) assay. The GAGs of porcine testis markedly increased the clotting times of both of aPTT and TT. showing that PT-Gag-16% NaCl was more effective than PT-Gag-1.5% NaCl. The immunomodulating activity of the GAGs was examined in relation to regulation of cytokine production of mutine peritoneal macrophages. Treatment with the GAGs promonently enhanced the prodution of cytokines. IFN-${\gamma}$, from macrophages. Taken together. GAGs isolated from porcine testis possess biological functions such as anticoagulant and immunomodulating activity.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.669-674
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• 2002

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) were isolated from the porcine testis, and their immuno-modulating and anticoagulant activity was investigated. From anion exchange chromatography (Dowex Macropolous Resin) used for further isolation of porcine testis GAGs (PT-GAGs), two fractions (PT-GAG-1.5 and PT-GAG-16) eluted by different salt concentration were obtained. In immunomodulating activity test, PT-GAG-1.5, but not PT-GAG-16, significantly enhanced the growth of murine peritoneal macrophages. In addition, treatment with PT-GAG-1.5 induced the production of cytokines, interleukin-1$\beta$ (IL-1$\beta$), interferon-${\gamma}$ (IFN-${\gamma}$) and tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$ (TNF-$\alpha$), from murine microphages. Unexpectedly, both of PT-GAGs had no effect on the growth of murine splenocytes. The anticoagulant activity of PT-GAG-1.5 and PT-GAG-16 was examined by activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) assay and thrombin time (TT) assay. Both of PT-kGAGs significantly increased the clotting times of aPTT and TT in a dose-dependent manner. The anticoagulant activity of PT-GAG-16 was found to be higher than that of PT-GAG-1.5. These results suggest that PT-GAGs possess biological activities such as immunomodulating activity and anticoagulant activity.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.182-186
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• 2000

Chondroitin sulfates proteoglycans were isolated from human placenta. For the identification of enzymatic digestion products of isolated proteoglycan, strong anion exchange-high performance liquid chromatography (SAX-HPLC) was performed. By the action of chondroitin ABC and chondroitin B lyase, three unsaturated disaccharides 2-acetamide-2-deoxy-3-O-($\beta$-D-gluco-4-enepyranosyluronic acid)-D-galactose ($\delta$Di-OS), 2-acetamide-2-deoxy-3-O-($\beta$-D-gluco-4-enepyranosyluronic acid)-6-O-su lfo-D-galactose ($\delta$Di-6S) and 2-acetamide-2-deoxy-3-O-($\beta$-D-gl uco-4-enepyranosyluronic acid)-4-O-sulfo-D-galactose ($\delta$Di-4S) were produced from the human placenta proteoglycan. The anticoagulant activity of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan was evaluated by activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) assay and thrombin time (TT) assay. The clotting times of aPTT and TT were increased from 72 to 144 sec and 19 to 27 sec, respectively. The Immune-modulating activity of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan was examined by cell proliferation assay and these results suggest that it may play a role in suppression of the function of immune-related cells.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.199-214
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• 1998

This study was performed to prove the antithrombotic effects of DoHongYeum fluid by way of experimental methods. The thrombosis was induced by injection of collagen the mixture (0.1ml/10g, 2mg/kg B.W)plus serotonin (5mg/kg B.W) into the caudal vein of rat, 2 hours after liquid extract of DoHongYeum was oral administration. The effect of the fluid of DoHongYeum was rxamined by the number of RBC and platelets, bleeding time, blood clotting time, death rate, platelet aggregation, plasmacoagulation factor activity, exvivo and fibrinolytic activity of englobulin fracture in the rats. The results were summerized as followings. 1. The number of RBC and platelets was significantly increased in DoHomeYeum group incomparison with the control group. 2. Bleeding time was significantly shortened in DHY group in comparison with the controlgroup. 3. Blood clotting time was significantly prolonged in DHY group in comparison with the control group. 4. The death rate of mouse was inhibited in DHY group in comparison with the control group. 5. The platelet aggregation was inhibited in DHY group in comparison with the control group. 6. The prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time on the test of plasmacoagulation factor activity was prolonged but was not valuable in DHY group. 7. Fibrinogen lyses time of rat was reduced and lyses area was increased in DHY group incomparison with the control group. 8. Fibrinogen lyses time of rat in vitro assay was reduced in DHY group. From the above results, it was thought that the DoHongYeum could be applied effectively in the thrombosis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.1126-1131
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• 2003

In this study, we investigated the effects of detoxified puffer liver (PL) oil on fatigue, hepatotoxicity and hyperlipidemia. There are no toxicities in both raw and purified PL oil. The test of swimming time was extended in detoxified PL oil pretreated group compared to the non-treated group. When rats treated with PL oil, the hepatic injuries induced by carbon tetrachloride or DL-galactosamine were reduced. The increased serum triglyceride and total cholesterol by poloxamer-407 were lowered by treating with PL oil remarkably. Also the bleeding time of hyperlipidemic animals was extended and plasma clotting time was delayed by PL oil.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.157-166
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• 1984

These biologic test procedures are designed to test the suitability of P.V.C. made in Korea intended for parenteral preparation, which were based on the U.S. Pharmacopeia XIX "Biologic Test-Plastic Container", Official from July 1, 1975. Healthy adult human blood and rabbits weighing 2\ulcorner.2Kg were used for test materials. Sample P.V.C. were sampled from the medical equipments made in Korea randomly and Control P.V.C. were sampled from the standardized Cobe and Polystan P.V.C. tubes. P.V.C. extract was prepared from a homogeneous P.V.C. samples by incubating 60 square centimeters of the sample per 20 millimeters of sterile pyrogen-free saline at 70\ulcorner for 72 hours or autoclaving at 120\ulcorner for 1 hour. The Implantation Test was designed to evaluate the reaction of living tissue to the plastic by the method of the implantation of the Sample itself into animal tissue. The Systemic Injection Test, the Intracutaneous Test, and the remainders were designed to determine the biological response of animals to plastics by the single-dose injection of specific extracts prepared from a Sample. The results are as follows; 1.Implantation Test - No significant difference for reactions was noted between the Sample treated animal and the Control after 72 hours of implantation. 2.Systemic Toxicity Injection Test - No sign of toxicity and/or death immediately after injection and at 4, 24, 48 hours respectfully after injection. 3.Intracutaneous Test - None of the animals treated with the Sample showed a significantly greater reaction than the observed in the animals treated with Blank. 4.Pyrogen Assay-Only one animal treated with the Sample showed the maximal rise of rectal temperature about 0.2\ulcorner after 3 hours of injection, but remainders showed no change. 5.Hemolytic Index - The positive Control tube of distilled water exhibited complete hemolysis while the negative Control tube and P.V.C. extract were negative demonstrating no hemolysis. 6.Cell Morphology of Erythrocytes and Leukocytes on Stored, Heparinized Human Blood -- There was no significant difference in the morphology of either the Control or Sample extract. 7.Clotting Mechanism of Human Blood in vitro - After allowing to the P.V.C. extract at room temperature for 5 Hours and at 10\ulcorner for 24 hours, there was no appreciable difference in Prothrombin Time under these conditions. 8.Clotting Mechanism of Rabbit in vivo - At the termination of 5 days after intraperitoneal injection of the P.V.C. extract, no significant changes in Clotting Time were observed. According to the above results, it could be concluded that the P.V.C. made in Korea was acceptable for parenteral preparation, especially treated with physiologic saline and/or human blood.man blood.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.1262-1267
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• 2004

An anticoagulant was purified from corn silk which has been used in Oriental Medicine. The anticoagulant from corn silk has a molecular mass of 135 kDa, and purified by 24 folds with a recovery of 11%. It was not sensitive to heat and protease treatment. However, periodate oxidation of the anticoagulant resulted in loss of activity significantly, implying that a carbohydrate was responsible for an anticoagulant activity. Galactose, glucose, mannose, fucose, glucosamine, and galactosamine were detected after acid hydrolysis by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and Bio-LC. It was confirmed that anticoagulant had OH and NH bonds by IR, supporting that the anticoagulant is composed of neutrosugar and aminosugar. Its anticoagulating activity was measured by delay in thrombin time (TT) and prothrombin time (PT) without affecting clotting by snake venom and delay in activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). TT was more sensitive than PT, and was delayed two and three times at the concentration of 60 and 88 nM, respectively. The anticoagulating activity was reduced in the thrombin-induced clotting assay using purified fibrinogen according to the increase of fibrinogen concentration with the apparent Ki value of 23 nM.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.515-521
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• 2014

The oriental traditional medicine, Aruncus dioicus var kamtschaticus (ADK) is used for hemostasis (blood stopping) and the promotion of blood circulation. Recently, the demands of the aerial part of ADK as edible mountain herbs are rapidly increased due to its unique fragrance and bioactivity. In this study, to evaluate the anti-thrombosis activity of ADK, ethanol extract and organic solvent fractions were prepared from aerial parts of ADK, and their anticoagulation and anti-platelet aggregation activities were determined. In an anticoagulation activity assay, the ethanol extract of ADK increased the thrombin time, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) 1.4-2.3 times at a concentration of 5 mg/ml. Among the fractions, the ethylacetate fraction showed strong inhibitory effects against blood clotting factors, as shown in an extension of the aPTT. In contrast, the butanol fraction strongly promoted blood clotting. In an anti-platelet aggregation assay, the activity of the ethanol extract was comparable to that of aspirin, a commercial anti-platelet aggregation agent, and the butanol fraction showed 2-fold higher aggregation inhibitory activity than aspirin. The aforementioned ethanol extract and active fractions have ignorable hemolytic activity against human red blood cells up to a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml. Considering the high content of total polyphenol, total flavonoid, and total sugar of the ethylacetate and butanol fractions, the purified active substances have potential as safe and novel anti-thrombosis agents. This report provides the first evidence of anti-thrombosis activity of ADK.