• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.32-42
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• 2016

In Korea, the absence of BIM use in existing civil structures and buildings is driving a demand for as-built BIM. As-built BIMs are often created using laser scanners that provide dense 3D point cloud data. Conventional static laser scanning approaches often suffer from limitations in their operability due to the difficulties in moving the equipment, the selection of scanning location, and the requirement of placing targets or extracting tie points for registration of each scanned point cloud. This paper aims at reducing the manual effort using a kinematic 3D laser scanning system based on graph-based simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) for continuous indoor mapping. The robotic platform carries three 2D laser scanners: the front scanner is mounted horizontally to compute the robot's trajectory and to build the SLAM graph; the other two scanners are mounted vertically to scan the profiles of surrounding environments. To reduce the accumulated error in the trajectory of the platform through loop closures, the graph-based SLAM system incorporates AdaBoost loop closure approach, which is particularly suitable for the developed multi-scanner system providing more features than the single-scanner system for training. We implemented the proposed method and evaluated it in two indoor test sites. Our experimental results show that the false positive rate was reduced by 13.6% and 7.9% for the two dataset. Finally, the 2D and 3D mapping results of the two test sites confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed graph-based SLAM.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.740-745
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• 2010

Patent ductus arteiosus (PDA) is the persistent opening of ductus arterious located between pulmonary artery and descending aorta after birth. Although PDA can be occluded by surgical ligation, interventional closure of PDA using various devices is being rapidly replaced to surgical ligation, because of its non-invasive nature of treatment and minimal post-care after treatment. Main problem encountering in interventional treatment in toy breed dogs is vascular inaccessibility due to small size of artery. Although transvenous approach using jugular veins has been developed, this technique requires experienced skill to locate occlude devices into PDA and has high risk of accidental dislodgement of occluding devices (i.e. embolization coils or vascular plugs). Therefore, in this study, we developed a modified technique for coil embolization using mini-angiocatheter with trans-femoral approach in toy breed dogs (< 3.0 kg of body weight). With this modified method, we were successfully treated two toy breed (Maltese) dogs with the left to right shunted PDA.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.1226-1229
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• 1998

50 days old, 4.5kg male patient was admitted at department of pediatrics due to congenital heart disease with congestive heart failure. The echocardiographic finding was perimembranous type ventricular septal defect. The patient underwent open heart surgery for patch closure of VSD. Immediately postoperatively, junctional ectopic tachycardia developed and the patient was in hemodynamically unstable state with decreased urine output. We used inotropics, digitalis and diuretics, however these treatments were not effective in recovering the unstable state. Therefore, we tried a mild hypothermic treatment(34℃). During the POD #2, mild hypothermia method was repeated four times. The junctional ectopic tachycardia was converted to normal sinus rhythm, hemodynamic state was stable, and urine output was increased. The patient was discharged at POD #8.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.271-277
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• 1996

In selected cases, early corrective surgery is indicated in the management of infants having large ventricular septal defects. The risk of any surgical procedure in infancy is acknowledged to be great and should be avoided whenever possible. However this greater surgical risk is justified when the patient presents with intractable congestive heart failure, severe pulmonary hypertension, marked growth retardation, and recurrent prolonged lower respiratory infections. We analyzed 31 patients with ventricular septal defect in infancy who underwent surgical correction from January 1991 through December 1994. Age ranged from 6 months to 12 months with mean age of 9.2 months. Of the thirty-one patients, 23 patients were male and 8 patients were female. Mean body weight was 7. 4kg. The most common type of ventricular septal defect was perimembraneo s (64.5%). Associated cardiac anomalies were found in 17 patients (55.8%). Mitral regurgitation was the most commonly associated cardiac anomaly (16.1 %) and followed by patent ductus arteriosus (12.9%). When cardiac catheterization data were analysed, the most common range of Qp/qs, RpiRs, Pp/ps were 2.1∼ 3.0, 1-0.25, above 0.70 respectively. Among the indications of surgical correction, there were pulmonary hypertension in 20 patients, congestive heart failure in 3 patients, intractable respiratory infection in 10 patients and growth retardation in 14 patients. The most common surgical approach and method for closure of ventricular septal defect .were right atriotomy (58%) and Dacron patch closure (94%). Postoperative complications occurred in 10 cases (32%) and overall mortality was 12.9% (4 cases). All operative deaths in this series occurred in infants under the age of 8 months and weight of 8 kilograms.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to present the potential application of tissue adhesive in the management of traumatized gingival wound in clinical dental hygiene practice. Cyanoacrylate adhesive has been used for closure of superficial laceration without suturing, which is available in periodontal and oral surgery. Small gingival or mucosal lacerations may occur by improper or excessive instrumentation of the dental hygienist during scaling and root planing procedure. In this circumstances, tissue adhesive is very effective, simple, and convenient method as an alternative to conventional wound closure by suturing. The tissue adhesive consists of monomeric n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate, which polymerizes quickly in contact with tissue fluid. The sutureless treatment of gingival laceration with tissue adhesive has advantages of good esthetic results, less trauma, time saving, antibacterial and hemostatic effects. In addition, local anesthesia as well as re-visit for dressing and removal of suture are not required. Use of tissue adhesive could be beneficial to both dental hygienist and patient in the management of procedural error.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.79-84
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• 2000

Background: Esophageal perforation is an extremely lethal injury that requires careful management for survival,. Material and Method: We performed a retrospective clinical revi-ew of 14 patients treated for esophageal perforation at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery hanyang University Hospital between July 1986 and August 1998. Cardiovascular Surgery Hanyang University Hospital between July 1986 and August 1998. Result: The ration between male and female patients was 12:2 and their ages ranged from 9 to 68 years( average: 446 years). Iatrogenic perforations were found in 6 patients(42.9%) spontaneous perforations in 3 patients(21.4%) traumatic perforations in 2 patients(14.3%) and caustic perforations foreign body origin and esophagel cancer in 1 patient (7.1%) each. Four of the patients(28.6%) had esophageal ruptures located cancer in 1 patient (7.1%) each. Four of the patients (28.6%) had esophageal ruptures located in the cervical esophagus and 10 patients (71.4%) in the thoracic esophagus, The most frequent location was in the mid third portion of the esophagus (35.7%) there were also 2 patients(14.3%) in the upper third portion and 3 patients(21.4%) in the lower third portion. Complications encountered included mediastinitis empyema or pleural effusion mediastinal or lung abscess sepsis and aspiration pneumonia. The most frequent complication that occurred was mediastinitis in 9 cases (57%) Three patients underwent conservative treatment. Among the patients who underwent surgical treatment 5 patients underwent primary closure 6 patients underwent open drainage and 2 patients underwent reconstrumction (1 patients had an initial primary closure and 1 patient had an initial open drainage procedure). The mortality rates for those with conservative and surgical treatment were 66.7% (2cases) and 9.1% (1 cases) respec- tively. Conclusion: Perforation of the esophagus although very rare has a high mortality rate and thus aggressive operative therapy is necessary.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.785-791
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• 2000

Left ventricular dysfuction is common in immediate postoperative periods after surgical correction of heart diseases with chronic left ventricular volume overload. We speculated postoperative changes of left ventricular volume and unction in patients with patent ductus osus(PDA) who had underwent surgical repair at ages older than 16 years. Factors influencing postoperative left ventricular volume and function were also analyzed. Material and Method: From August 1989 to August 1999 thirty-siz adult patients with PDA 28 females and 8 males. were enrolled in this study. Their age ranged from 16 years to 57 years(mean :32 years). Types of surgical repair were division with primary closure in 22, division with patch closure in 6, internal obliteration using cardiopulmonary bypass in 4 and ligation in 4. Aortic clamping was combined during surgical repair in 22(61%) and cardiopulmonary bypass was used in 8(22%) Two-dimensional echocardiography studies were performed in 34(94%) preoperatively and in 25(66%) immediate postoperatively to assess postoperative changes of left ventricular internal dimensions. left ventricular volume and ejection fraction. Duration of postoperative follow-up ranged from 1 month to 99 months (mean:22 months) and 10 patients underwent 16 echocardiographic evaluation during this period Result : Preoperative and postoperative left ventricular systolic dimensions(LVIDs) were 42$\pm$8.0mm and 42$\pm$8.3mm left ventricular diastolic dimensions(LVIDd) were 64$\pm$10.0mm and 56$\pm$7.4mm left ventricular end systolic volumes(LVESV) were 62$\pm$19cc (z=1.87$\pm$0.06) and 59$\pm$24cc(z=1.78$\pm$0.08) left ventricular end diastolic volumes(LVEDL) were 169$\pm$40cc(z-1.17$\pm$0.1) and 112$\pm$29cc(z=0.85$\pm$0.1) and ejection fractions(EF) were 66$\pm$6.7% and 48$\pm$12.6% respectively. There were statistically significant differences between preoperative and postoperative values in LVDIDd(p=0.001) LVEDV(p=0.001) and EF(p=0.0001) while no significant difference is LVIDs and LVESV. Postoperative depression of ejcection fraction was significantly related with z-score of preoperative LVESV and LVEDV by univariateanalysis while LVEDV only was significant risk factor for postoperative LV dysfunction by multiple regressioin analysis ($\Delta$LVEF=-13.3-4.62$\times$LVEDV(z), p=0.001) During the follow-up periods ejection fractions become normalized in all except one patients. Conclusion ; Left ventricular function is usually deteriorated after the surgical correction of PDA in adult age and preoperative LVEDV is a major determinant of postoperative LV function.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.586-591
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• 2002

Bruxism can be generally regarded as a diurnal clenching or nocturnal teeth grinding or a combination of both. Clenching of the teeth is forceful closure of the opposing dentition in a static relationship of the mandible to the maxilla, whereas grinding of the dentition is forceful closure of the opposing dentition in a dynamic maxillo-mandibular relationship as the mandibular arch moves through various excursive positions. The causes of bruxism are not yet discovered clearly, but most consistently mentioned cause is psychological stress. Bruxism can be also associated with sleep disorders, medication, and disturbances of the central nervous system. There is no permanent treatment method of bruxism, so the objectives for management of bruxism are reduction of psychological stress and treatment of signs and symptoms of bruxism by occlusal adjustment, occlusal splint, systemic medication and physical therapy. These cases report present three cases of children with bruxism. The bruxism was reduced in these patients wearing occlusal splint.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.2 s.259
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• pp.111-116
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• 2006

Background: Perforation of the esophagus is a deadly injury that requires expert management for survival. The mediastinal contamination with microorganisms, gastric acid, and digestive enzymes results in a mediastinitis that is often fatal if untreated. Material and Method: Between January 1990 and June 2004, 38 patients with esophageal perforation were treated in our hospital. Retrospective review of these cases has been performed. Result: There were 28 males and 10 females. The mean age was 43.84$\pm$18.89 years (range $1{\~}73$ years). Spontaneous rupture was found in $34\%$ of perforations, iatrogenic perforation in $32\%$ and traumatic perforation in $34\%$. Perforation occurred in the cervical esophagus in 8 cases, thoracic esophagus in 29 and abdominal esophagus in 1. In the cervical esophageal perforation, managements were primary closure in 8 and drainage in 2. In the thoracic esophageal perforation, managements were primary closure in 14, resection in 3 and conservative management in 12. The mortality rate was $25\%$ in cervical esophageal perforation and $34.5\%$ in thoracic esophageal perforation. We revealed risk factor of esophageal perforation to be peropertaive septic condition (p=0.005). Conclusion: Most important risk factor of esophageal perforation was preoperative septic condition. Preoperative prompt and aggressive preoperative treatment may improve the survival rate of esophageal perforation.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.432-442
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• 2006

Statement of problem: One of common problems associated with dental implant is the loosening of abutment screws that retain the implants. Purpose : This study was performed to investigate the influence of abutment screw length and repeated tightening on screw loosening in dental implant. Material and method: Forty nine Hexplants (13mm length, 4.3mm diameter, Ti grade IV, Warantec. Co. Ltd. Seongnam, Korea) and cementation type abutments(straight abutment) and abutment screws (0.4mm/pitch) were divided into 7 groups, depending on abutment screw length. Each implant and abutment was tightened to 30Ncm by torque controller(MGT50, MARK-10 Inc., USA) and the removal torque values were measured during 10 consecutive closure/opening trials. Results and Conclusion: The results of comparing the removal torque value are as follows : 1. There is no significant difference in the removal torque value between groups in 10 consecutive closure/opening trials (p = 0.97). 2. If the fractured abutment screw is engaged in longer than 2.425 thread length, there is no significant difference in the preload between the fractured abutment screw and the new abutment screw when both are equally tightened to 30 Ncm. 3. The removal torque value in the 1st trial(24.510 Ncm) was lower than that in the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th trials and the removal torque value in the 2nd trials(25.551 Ncm) was maximum and was decreased in 1311owing trials. The removal torque value in the 1st trial was significantly lower than that in the 2nd, 3rd, 4th trials and was significantly higher than that in the 8th, 9th, l0th trials(p<0.05). 4. In the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th trials, the abutment screw was mainly influenced by settling effect and the higher preload was obtained In the 8th, 9th, l0th trials, the abutment screw was mainly influenced by adhesive wear and the progressively lower preload was obtained.