• ETRI Journal
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.518-524
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• 2009

Single parity check (SPC) product codes are simple yet powerful codes that are used to correct errors and/or recover erasures. The focus of this paper is to evaluate the performance of such codes under erasure scenarios and to develop a closed-form tight upper bound for the post-decoding erasure rate. Closed-form exact expressions are derived for up to seven erasures. Previously published closed-form bounds assumed that all unrecoverable patterns should contain four erasures in a square. Additional non-square patterns are accounted for in the proposed expressions. The derived expressions are verified using exhaustive search. Eight or more erasures are accounted for by using a bound. The developed expressions improve the evaluation of the recoverability of SPC product codes without the need for simulation or search algorithms, whether exhaustive or novel.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.49-56
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 비등방성 에너지가 Ksin2$\theta$로 표현되는 일축 비등방성 자성체의 자기행동을 기술하는 닫힌형태 (closed-form)의 양함수들 (explicit functions)을 구하였다. 인가 자기마당, 포화 자기화량, 비등방성 에너지뿐만아니라, 자기화역전 기구에도 의존하는 돌림형, 자기화방향, 자기화갑수율을 나타내는 닫인형태의 양함수들과 결정하였다. 개발된 단힌형태의 양함수들과 실험적으로 측정 가능한 물리량들에 대한 그들의 편미분 함수들은 최소제곱맞춤법에 의한 포화 자기화량 및 비등방성 측정법의 개발, 자성 집합체의 분산된 자기적 특성 측정법의 개발 뿐만 아니라, 자기이론 계산에도 큰 기여를 하리라 사료된다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.293-303
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• 2017

Maximum deflection in a beam is a serviceability design criterion and occurs generally at or close to the mid-span. This paper presents a methodology using neural networks for rapid prediction of mid-span deflections in reinforced concrete beams subjected to service load. The closed form expressions are further obtained from the trained neural networks. The closed form expressions take into account cracking in concrete at in-span and at near the interior supports and tension stiffening effect. The expressions predict the inelastic deflections (incorporating the concrete cracking) from the elastic moments and the elastic deflections (neglecting the concrete cracking). Five separate neural networks are trained since these have been postulated to represent all beams having any number of spans. The training, validating, and testing data sets for the neural networks are generated using an analytical-numerical procedure of analysis. The proposed expressions have been verified by comparison with the experimental results reported elsewhere and also by comparison with the finite element method (FEM). The proposed expressions, at minimal input data and minimal computation effort, yield results that are close to FEM results. The expressions can be used in every day design since the errors are found to be small.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권12A호
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• pp.1223-1228
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 독립적이며 주파수 비선택적인 정적 MIMO Rayleigh 페이딩 채널 가정 하에 다중사용자 다이버시티가 적용된 MRT/MRC MIMO의 capacity bound를 closed-form 형태의 수식으로 표현하였다. 분석 결과는 수치 검증 결과와 정확히 일치하며 MRT/MRC가 다중 사용자 다이버시티에 미치는 영향을 명확히 보여준다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제8권10호
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• pp.3342-3360
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• 2014

In this paper, the capacity and BER performance of downlink distributed antenna systems (DAS) with transmit antenna selection and multiple receive antennas are investigated in MIMO composite channel, where path loss, Rayleigh fading and lognormal shadowing are all considered. Based on the performance analysis, using the probability density function (PDF) of the effective SNR and numerical integrations, tightly-approximate closed-form expressions of ergodic capacity and average BER of DAS are derived, respectively. These expressions have more accuracy than the existing expressions, and can match the simulation well. Besides, the outage capacity of DAS is also analyzed, and a tightly-approximate closed-form expression of outage capacity probability is derived. Moreover, a practical iterative algorithm based on Newton's method for finding the outage capacity is proposed. To avoid iterative calculation, another approximate closed-form outage capacity is also derived by utilizing the Gaussian distribution approximation. With these theoretical expressions, the downlink capacity and BER performance of DAS can be effectively evaluated. Simulation results show that the theoretical analysis is valid, and consistent with the corresponding simulation.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2022

이 논문에서는 선형 이상체에 대한 벡터 중력과 중력 변화율 텐서 반응식을 유도하였다. 축대칭성을 가지는 이상체를 멀리서 관측하면 선형 이상체로 근사가 가능하므로 선형 이상체에 대한 중력 및 중력 변화율 해석해가 필요하다. 선형 이상체에 대한 중력 퍼텐셜을 1차원 적분식으로 정의하고 이를 직교 좌표계에서 미분하여 벡터 중력을 유도한다. 중력 변화율 텐서 반응식은 벡터 중력을 직교 좌표계에서 한번 더 미분하여 유도한다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.50-58
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• 2007

Robust adaptive beamforming based on worst-case performance optimization is investigated in this paper. It improves robustness against steering vector mismatches by the approach of diagonal loading. A closed-form solution to optimal loading is derived after some approximations. Besides reducing the computational complexity, it shows how different factors affect the optimal loading. Based on this solution, a performance analysis of the beamformer is carried out. As a consequence, approximated closed-form expressions of the source-of-interest power estimation and the output signalto-interference-plus-noise ratio are presented in order to predict its performance. Numerical examples show that the proposed closed-form expressions are very close to their actual values.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.351-364
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• 2019

We derive full closed-form expressions for the prices of European symmetric power quanto call options with four different forms of terminal payoffs under the assumption of the classical lognormal asset price and exchange rate model.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1113-1134
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• 2016

A methodology using neural networks has been proposed for rapid prediction of inelastic bending moments in reinforced concrete continuous beams subjected to service load. The closed form expressions obtained from the trained neural networks take into account cracking in concrete at in-span and at near the internal supports and tension stiffening effect. The expressions predict the inelastic moments (considering the concrete cracking) from the elastic moments (neglecting the concrete cracking) at supports. Three separate neural networks are trained since these have been postulated to represent all the beams having any number of spans. The training, validating, and testing data sets for the neural networks are generated using an analytical-numerical procedure of analysis. The proposed expressions are verified for example beams of different number of spans and cross-section properties and the errors are found to be small. The proposed expressions, at minimal input data and computation effort, yield results that are close to FEM results. The expressions can be used in preliminary every day design as they enable a rapid prediction of inelastic moments and require a computational effort that is a fraction of that required for the available methods in literature.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.67-71
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• 2020

이 논문에서는 축 방향 대칭성을 가지는 원통형 이상체에 대한 자력 변화율 텐서의 해석해를 유도하였다. 일정한 방향으로 자화된 원통형 이상체에 대한 3성분 벡터 자력 반응식을 기존 연구에서 이미 유도하였으므로, 이를 직교좌표계에서 각 축 방향으로 미분하여 자력 변화율 텐서 반응식을 유도하였다. 원통형 이상체가 가지는 축 방향 대칭성 때문에 벡터 자력 반응식은 원통 좌표계의 변수를 포함한 식으로 표현되어 있으므로 직교 좌표계와 원통 좌표계 사이의 변수 미분 관계를 적용하여 자력 변화율 텐서를 유도하였다.