• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.276-283
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• 2017

Objective: Dyslipidemia is recognized as a prominent risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases but it is manageable through therapeutic and lifestyle intervention. Interpreting the latest guidelines is essential for an application of recommendation from guidelines into clinical practice. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the most recent guidelines on dyslipidemia treatment recommendations in Korea and USA. Methods: This study analyzed and compared 2015 Korean guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia, 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guideline and 2016 supportive guidelines from ACC. Results: A comparison was made focused on the following: target patients based on cardiovascular risk assessment, target goal, and treatment strategies including statin and non-statin therapies. Four target patient groups by risk were suggested in 2015 Korean guideline and cardiovascular risk factors were also considered for initiation of lipid lowering therapy. Titrated statin regimen was recommended by Korean guideline to reach LDL cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol target level. In 2013 ACC/AHA guideline, four statin benefit group was introduced considering ASCVD risk and high intensity statin or intermediate intensity statin use were recommended without dose titration. 2016 update was to support non-statin therapy based on updated evidence and new consideration of ezetimibe, PCSK9-inhibitor and bile acid sequestrant was brought up. Conclusion: Guidelines are continuously updating as new and important clinical data are constantly released along with the advent of newly approved drugs for lipid disorder. This article provides resources that facilitates uptake of these recommendations into clinical practice.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2007

Background Clinical practice guidelines (CPG) are systematically developed statements to assist practitioners and patients on healthcare decisions. They provide recommendations for the average patient, which should take into account individual clinical judgment and the patient's values and expectations. Ephedra has sympathomimetic effect and has been used for weight loss worldwide. However, its safety is controversial especially in autonomic and cardiovascular systems. Therefore, the need of appropriate CPG for ephedra prescription in obesity was advocated in Korean Traditional Medicine. Methods The committee comprised of specialists of obesity, oriental herbology, oriental cardiology, constitutional medicine. The committee collected all relevant references about adverse effect and safety of ephedra in the forms of meta-analysis, systematic review, randomized controlled trial, case-control study and observational study from international and domestic databases and paper journals. 11 English- and 5 Korean-language references were gathered and categorized by PICO (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) method. We could not complete strength of recommendation which should be clarified according to the evidence grade estimation. Result The first version of CPG for ephedra prescription in obesity was issued by Korean Oriental Association for Study of Obesity. It includes topics of introduction, pharmacokinetics, side effects and adverse events, constitutional aspect and recommendations for dose, indication and contraindication. Conclusion There should be periodic upgrade of this CPG from now on. Although there are some drawbacks in this version of CPG, it has significance as the first CPG in Korean Traditional Medicine.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.293-303
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to understand and to explain how were nursing students experienced and accepted the fundemental nursing practice. In addition to, the results of this study are attempted to contribute for offer of basic data in projecting and accomplishing to promote quality practice education. The participants were 79 freshmen of S College of Nursing in kyungi-do. They presented record of feeling and thinking on their the fundemental nursing practice experience. The data were collected from 29, J une to 10, July in 1998. Collected data was analyzed by means of Van Kaam's phenomenological method. The results of this study was founded 423 descriptive expression and they were grouped under 42 common factors and they were grouped under 9 categories. By means of the frequency on the categories. the higher category is Anxiety. next Solemn. Flutter. Pride. Usefulness, Recognition of reality in nursing-system. Lack of practice environment. Self-accusation. Comprehension of nursing spirit were founded. 5 common factors. Tension. Difficulty, Dread. Apprehension, Burden were grouped under Anxiety. 7 common factors, Pledge, Memory, Importance of practice, Sincerity, Restriction of dress, Acceptance, Active attitude were grouped under solemn. 5 common factors, Interest, Strange, Beanimated, Waiting, Curiosity were grouped under Flutter. 5 common factors, Conceit, Self-confidence, Skilled, Worth, Accomplishment were grouped under Pride. 6 common factors, Acknowledge of nursing affairs, Expectation of furture, Fascination of nursing. Acquirement of disposition of nurse, Association of injection, Actual feeling of dept. of nursing were grouped under Recognition of reality in nursing-system. 4 common factors, Lack of practice time, Many persons of practice, Lack of practice instrument, Lack of reality were grouped under Lack of practice envirnment. 5 common factors, Inconvenient, Reflection, Loss of pride, Shyness, Feeling sorry were grouped under Self-accusation. 3 common factors, Utility, Connection of practice and theory, Various experience were grouped under Usefulness. 2 common factors, Comprehension on the dignity of human, Comprehension on a point of view of patient were grouped under Comprehension of nursing spirit. In conclusion, the following recommendation should be necessary a supplementary study to approach on the type of students that has a firm view and care about client prior to clinical nursing practice.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.159-170
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was designed to examine the validity of the evidence-based guideline on pain developed by Registered Nurses Association of Ontario(RNAO) translated into Korean based on the experts' opinions. Methods: The panel consisted of experts of 60 registered nurses in surgical units, medical doctors and nursing managers who were experts in pain assessment and management. The validity of translated RNAO guideline was evaluated in terms of appropriateness, applicability, and utilization in current practice. Appropriateness and applicability of each recommendation were measured with 9 point scale, whereas utilization was measured by yes/no question. Data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, and percent. The experts' opinions were analyzed by content analysis method. Results: In general, most of the recommendations in the guideline received above 7 point in appropriateness and applicability. However, above 20% of recommendations showed less than 50% of utilization rates in current practice. Conclusion: The reasons for low utilization of recommendations in current practice are in need for investigation. This study can be used for the development of guideline more acceptable in Korean health care settings and improve the quality of care for the abdominal surgery patients suffering from pain in Korea.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2009

Purpose: This study investigated the perception, practice and attitude of nurses towards oriental nursing. Methods: Nurses (N=162) from a localized region were surveyed during June, 2008. Collected data was statistically analyzed using t-test, one-way ANDVA, and Sheffe test. Results: The perception of surveyed nurses to the following aspects of oriental nursing varied significantly: "chances to hear of oriental nursing", "treatment function of oriental medicine", "necessity of clinical application", "treatment method", and "educational demand on oriental nursing". Nurses' interest in the following aspects of oriental nursing was significantly different: "experiences undertaken in the treatment of oriental medicine", "treatment result", and "clinical result from the patients who were under the oriental medicine treatments". Nurses' attitude toward oriental nursing varied significantly in response to the following: "recommendation by other nurses or neighbors" and "experiences being questioned by patients on oriental nursing question". Conclusions: Support for oriental nursing and systematic education for nurses would be beneficial in light of a changing medical environment.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.296-303
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• 2014

Background: The first pharmacy student practice undergoing 6 year pharmacy school curriculum have begun in the hospital pharmacy, community pharmacy, pharmaceutical company and administrative office since 2013. Although most of practice sites have prepared the program of pharmacy student practice education for several years under guideline of Korean Association of Pharmacy Education, generally community pharmacies which start the pharmacy student practice education have difficulty in performing the desirable student practice program due to absent experience for it. So we reported the comparison of student practice programs between mono pharmacy and multiple pharmacies conducted by Gyeongsang National University College of Pharmacy to provide the future design information of the ideal pharmacy student practice in community pharmacy. Method: Students who practiced both multiple (multi) and mono pharmacy (mono) programs for each 5 weeks were participated the survey to evaluate the student practice programs. Results: The results of the survey on the student practice program reported that students were much more satisfied with the multiple pharmacies program than mono pharmacy program in both practical contents ($4.12{\pm}0.72$ : $3.27{\pm}1.28$; multi : mono) and satisfaction ($4.54{\pm}0.54$ : $3.54{\pm}1.3$; multi : mono) and they all gave the highest points ($5.00{\pm}0.00$) to multiple pharmacies program for recommendation because the multiple pharmacies program was significantly helpful for their experience to plan the future career. Conclusion: Mono and multiple pharmacy practice programs would be a great helpful for student's future career. However, the disadvantages of each program should be amended gradually for the unified and specialized program to be established the ideal community pharmacy student practice in Korea. The results will be affected the pharmacy practice program for students in community pharmacy and the other colleges of pharmacy to design the ideal community pharmacy practice program.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2021

Pharmacogenetics is opening a new era of precision medicine in psychiatry. Drug-metabolizing enzymes are characterized by genetic polymorphisms, which render a large portion of variability in individual drug metabolism. Dose adjustment based on pharmacogenetics knowledge is a first step to translate pharmacogenetics into clinical practice. However, diverse factors including cost-effectiveness should be addressed to provide clinical recommendation. To address current challenges in pharmacogenetics testing in psychiatry, this review provides an update regarding genotyping (SNP analysis, array, and next-generation sequencing), genotype-phenotype correlations, and cost-effectiveness. The current updates on pharmacogenetics in psychiatry will provide guidance for both clinician and researchers to have a consensus in harmonizing efforts to advance the pharmacogenetics field in a part of precision medicine in psychiatry.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2021

본 연구는 치매환자에게 적합한 인지 프로그램 실무지침을 개발하는 과정에서의 효과성을 검증하는 절차를 기술한 방법론적 연구이다. 근거중심의 임상진료지침 신규개발 방법에 기초하여 국내 치매환자용 인지프로그램 실무지침 예비 권고안을 개발하였다. 이후, 효과검증을 위해 전문가 내용타당도 및 실무자 현장 적용성 검증을 수행하였다. 실무지침은 최종 4개 유형으로 구성하였으며 구성항목의 내용타당도는 0.87-1점을 나타냈다. 현장 적용성의 하위항목에서는 적절성이 3.95-4.34점, 적용가능성이 3.57-4.27점, 효과성예측이 3.84-4.22점이었다. 전문가 내용타당도 및 현장 적용성 예측 조사를 통해 본 연구에서 개발한 실무지침이 임상에 종사하는 치매 인지프로그램 관리자의 중재 계획수립과 임상 근거로 활용할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 추후 연구에서는 치매환자에게 최적의 치료적 활동을 제시하기 위한 근거중심의 실무지침 개발연구가 더욱 활성화되어야 할 것이다.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.57-69
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• 2021

목적 : 본 연구는 임상지침 중 뇌졸중 환자의 작업치료를 다룬 지침을 확인하고, 확인된 지침들의 질과 특성에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 본 연구는 2008년부터 2019년까지 국내·외의 재활 치료 지침을 살펴보았으며, 검색어는 'stroke', 'guideline', 'practice guideline', 'recommendation', 'protocol compliance', 'practice guideline', '뇌졸중 가이드라인', '뇌졸중 지침' 등으로 하였다. 결과 : 검색을 통해 총 708편의 논문이 검색되었고, 자료 선정 기준에 부합한 지침 8편을 최종적으로 선정하였다. 선정된 논문은 캐나다, 미국, 영국, 한국, 호주 등에서 개발한 지침이었으며. 8개의 지침 중 1개는 작업치료 지침이었고, 나머지 7개는 재활치료 지침이었다. 지침에서 다룬 내용을 총 36개의 주제로 분류하였으며, 이 중 호주 뇌졸중 재활치료 지침은 28개, 영국과 미국심장협회(AHA)의 지침은 24개, 한국에서 개발한 뇌졸중 재활치료 지침은 23개 등의 내용을 포함하고 있었다. 결론 : 본 연구에서는 기존의 뇌졸중 환자를 위한 작업치료 지침을 확인하고, 지침들의 질과 특성을 비교해 보았다. 이는 추후 뇌졸중 작업치료 지침 개발을 위한 중요한 기초자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.22-30
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• 2023

Ultrasonography (US) is a primary imaging modality for diagnosing nodular thyroid disease and has an essential role in identifying the most appropriate management strategy for patients with nodular thyroid disease. Standardized imaging techniques and reporting formats for thyroid US are necessary. For this purpose, the Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology (KSThR) organized a task force in June 2021 and developed recommendations for standardized imaging technique and reporting format, based on the 2021 KSThR consensus statement and recommendations for US-based diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules. The goal was to achieve an expert consensus applicable to clinical practice.