• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.12 no.6
• /
• pp.682-688
• /
• 2012

This study investigates the stressors of dental hygienists and student hygienists during the bedside training by the medical center type. The survey is based on some dental hygienists who are working for dental college hospitals, general hospitals, dental hospitals and dental clinics in Seoul and Gyeonggi area which the Clinical Practice of dental hygienics students is under way in. Included are the students who are studying dental hygienics at Kyungbok University and have taken the bedside training in dental college hospitals, general hospitals, dental hospitals and dental clinics. A statistical analysis shows the following results using SPSS program. By medical center type, dental hygienists described the clinical practice of students as relatively satisfying. It also found that there is a positive correlation between stress zones, and they feel most stressed in the "Role and Activity" zone. Student hygienists felt relatively satisfied with the bedside training, and there is a positive correlation between stress zones except "Practice". It found students, who have taken the bedside training in all types of medical centers except dental clinics, felt most stressed in "Environment". It also found that students who have taken the bedside training in dental clinics felt most stressed in "Role and Activity". In conclusion, most of the dental hygienists are satisfied with students' clinical practice by pattern of hospital. Positive correlation was shown between stress factors. Behavior and attitude and ideal and value are high in stress in college dental hospitals, role and activity and treatment fields are high in stress in dental hospital, and interpersonal relationships are high in stress in dental clinics.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide basic data of oral health policy and effective nonsmoking educational the basic data comparing the subjective oral health recognition and tooth brushing pattern by smoking whether or not, the subjects were adults to visit dental clinic. Methods: The subjects were a total of about 245 adults visited dental clinics in Busan metropolitan city and Gyeongnam province some areas. The datas were collected from December 17, 2012 to February 17, 2013. Data analyses were done with SPSS program through frequency analysis and chi-square test. Results: The tooth brushing pattern of non-smokers were more brushing after meals and snacks, and then brushing within three minutes before bedtime and brushing with more than 3 minutes, brushing with rotating method is pretty more, smokers were not brushing after the meal, a snack, and then within 3 minutes before going to bed without brushing, more than three minutes brushing with rotation method. Subjective oral health status of non-smokers, the more awareness is pretty healthy, but smokers were the more unhealthy side, the greater the smoking amount among smokers subjective oral health were recognized as a bad side. Conclusion: It was necessary to recognize subjective oral health status and to provide a way to practice corrective brushing pattern according to smoking or not and smoking amount. Subjective oral health awareness and brushing pattern directly related to the smoking or not and smoking amounts of the subject, so when dental care, it should be followed to recognize exactly what to give oral health status of subjects and provide a way of effective oral health management in order to improve the oral health and quality of life.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.75-84
• /
• 1985

By observing the correlationships between the characteristics of the facial pattern and the methods of establishing the position of the lower central incisor to the five reference lines on the lateral roentgenocephalograms, the author tried to find the most useful method of them, the criteria of which were the independence of a variation according to facial patterns, the close relationships with soft tissue and lip balance, and the simple and consistent usefulness in clinical practice. The subject consisted of forty normal occlusions, forty class II div I malocclusions, forty class III malocclusions, ten treated claas II div 1 cases and ten treated class III cases, all were in 14-17 yrs of age. The findings of this study are as follows: 1. The position of the lower central incisor to EP, OP, MP and NB showed variations according to ANB, FMA, facial convexity and Holdaway angle. 2. The position of the lower central incise. to AP line (A-Pog) was not co..elated with ANB, FMA, facial convexity and Holdaway angle, so it can be used consistently, regardlesss of the facial pattern. 9. The lineal position of the incisal edge of the lower central incisor to AP line has a profound influence on harmonious soft tissue and lip balance.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.8 no.5
• /
• pp.571-579
• /
• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The objectives were to investigate the effect of a 12-wk intervention with behavioral modification on clinical characteristics and dietary intakes of young and otherwise healthy obese and to identify factors for successful weight loss. The goal was to lose 0.5 kg per week by reducing 300-500 kcal/day and by increasing physical activities. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Forty four obese subjects (BMI > 25) and 19 normal weight subjects (BMI 18.5-23) finished the 12-week intervention. Obese subjects participated in 5 group educations and 6 individual counseling sessions. Normal weight subjects attended 6 individual counseling sessions for evaluations of dietary intake and exercise pattern. Anthropometric and clinical characteristics and 3-day dietary records were evaluated at baseline and week12. RESULTS: Weight and serum triglyceride and free fatty acid concentrations in obese group decreased significantly with intervention. Intakes of energy, fat, and cholesterol decreased significantly in the obese. Active participation, realistic weight loss goal setting, and weight gain after high school graduation not during childhood were identified as key factors for successful weight loss. CONCLUSIONS: The 12-week intervention with behavioral modification resulted in reduced energy and fat intakes and led to significant weight loss and improvements of clinical characteristics in the obese. The finding that those who became obese during childhood lost less weight indicates the importance of 'early' intervention.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.181-189
• /
• 2022

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative condition characterized by loss of motor neurons, resulting in motor weakness of the limbs and/or bulbar muscles. Pain is a prevalent but neglected symptom of ALS, and it has a significant negative impact on the quality of life of patients and their caregivers. This review outlines the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, underlying mechanisms, and management strategies of pain in ALS to improve clinical practice and patient outcomes related to pain. Pain is a prevalent symptom among patients with ALS, with a variable reported prevalence. It may occur at any stage of the disease and can involve any part of the body without a specific pattern. Primary pain includes neuropathic pain and pain from spasticity or cramps, while secondary pain is mainly nociceptive, occurring with the progression of muscle weakness and atrophy, prolonged immobility causing degenerative changes in joints and connective tissue, and long-term home mechanical ventilation. Prior to treatment, the exact patterns and causes of pain must first be identified, and the treatment should be tailored to each patient. Treatment options can be classified into pharmacological treatments, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antiepileptic drugs, drugs for cramps or spasticity, and opioid; and nonpharmacological treatments, including positioning, splints, joint injections, and physical therapy. The development of standardized and specific assessment tools for pain-specific to ALS is required, as are further studies on treatments to reduce pain, diminish suffering, and improve the quality of life of patients with ALS.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.199-211
• /
• 1995

This study analyzed the practical education in fundamentals of nursing, for the 36 nursing schools including 12 4-year nursing schools and 24 junior college nursing schools. This survey was done from september 5th to october 5th in 1995. The results of this study were as follows : 1. Required credit in fundamentals of nursing. 1) The highest incidence of the total required credit was 7 in 4-year nursing school and 9 in junior college. 2) For the lecture course credit, the large number of 4-year nursing school gave 5 credit lessons and 6 credits provided in junior nursing colleges. 3) For the credit of practical education the major portion of 4-year nursing school gave 2 credits instruction, however junior nursing school provided 3 credits. 2. Laboratory practice in fundamentals of nursing. In laboratory practice, the ratio of instructor and student was 1 : 20 in 83.4% of the 4-year nursing school and in 66.7% of the junior nursing school. 3. Contents and hours of fundamental nursing practice. 1) In the area of health assessment and nursing process, the large number of schools allocated following hours : 6 hours for vital signs, 4 hours for nursing process, 2 hours for recording but practice for physical examination and communication was done in few schools. 2) In the area of functional health pattern, the large number of schools allocated practice hours like followings : 2 hours for I/O, 2 hours for gavage feeding, 2 hours for elimination, 6 hours for catheterization, 6 hours for bed making, 2 hours for positioning, 6 hours for personal hygiene, 2 hours for R.O.M, 4 hours for moving turning lifting, 2 hours for inhalation and suction. But C.P.R and terminally ill patient care were taught in smaller number of schools. 3) In the area of special nursing measures, the major portion of nursing schools allocated hours like followings. It consisted of 6 hours for asepsis, 16-18 hours for medication, 2 hours for heat and cold application, 2 hours for wound care. 4) 22.2% of the nursing schools had total review practice time and 36.1% of the nursing schools had the students clinical practice. Based on above mentioned results, 4-year nursing school had faithful practical education of fundamental nursing than junior nursing school. But for the contents and allocated hours for practice education, junior nursing schools were much more contents and hours than 4 year school.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.213-219
• /
• 2016

Objective: Although guideline recommends beta blockers (BBs) as first line antianginal agent and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) as alternatives after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the prescription patterns in real practice are not in accordance with the guideline. We aimed to investigate the prescribing patterns of primary antianginal drug and relating factors in patients who underwent PCI. Methods: Patients who have undergone PCI without myocardial infarction (MI) from November 2012 to June 2014 and followed up at least one year in a tertiary teaching hospital were included. Prescribing patterns of primary antianginal drug before, at the time of, and one year after PCI were described. Factors affecting drug selection, and their relationship with incidence of clinical outcomes defined as MI and repeated PCI, unscheduled admission or visit related with heart problem were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression. Results: A total of 506 patients were included and as primary antianginal drugs, BB, CCB, and both were prescribed in 32.2%, 24.5%, and 17.8% of patients, respectively. Also, neither BB nor CCB was prescribed at the time of PCI in 25.5% of patients. Compared with BB, CCBs were more likely prescribed in patients who had hypertension (Odds Ratio, OR 2.18, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.16-4.07), use of same class before PCI (OR 7.18, 3.37-15.2) and concomitant angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) use (OR, 1.92, 95% CI 1.10-3.33). Incidence of clinical outcomes were not significantly greater in patients who prescribed CCB compared with BB at the time of PCI (aOR 1.32, CI 0.65-2.68). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that half of the patients who underwent PCI were prescribed BB. CCB were favored in patients with hypertension, use of same class before PCI, and concomitant ARB use. Significant difference in clinical outcome was not observed between BB and CCB selection as primary antianginal drug.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.101-125
• /
• 1995

The terminology used for oriental medicine has not yet been standardized so far and this might cause the problems in developing theories and clinical research of oriental medicine. To establish scientific backgroupd of oriental medicine, it is required that all the terminology used for oriental medicine should be standardized and unified. For more efficient oriental medical practice, the standardization, unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine should be achieved. The aim of this study are as follows; 1. To provide clear and logical systems for the diagnosis of symptoms and diseases. 2. To provide the theoritical clearmess of oriental medicine and to promote the public facilities for study. 3. To provide ways of idea exchange and understanding between oriental medicine and various biological sciences. 4. To provide practical basis for hospital administration for oriental medicine.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.89-94
• /
• 2013

Objective : To collect cosmetology text in Shang Han Za Bing Lun(伤寒杂病论), to analyze theory and prescription about cosmetology before HAN(漢) dynasty, so to allow records for modern cosmetology of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Method : Through the systematize for all terms about cosmetology, to reveal the regularity about cosmetology before HAN(漢) dynasty. Result : There were damage-appearance disease in HAN(漢) dynasty, there are lots of ideas about cosmetology in Shang Han Za Bing Lun(伤寒杂病论). Conclusion : Shang Han Za Bing Lun(伤寒杂病论) is a monograph about pattern identification and treatment, and is an important ancient book for research of cosmetology of Traditional Chinese Medicine. In the further, we will research in knowledge discovery about cosmetology of Traditional Chinese Medicine. to strengthen the guidance of the theory of Zhang Zhongjing(张仲景) for clinical practice of cosmetology of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.81-87
• /
• 2016

Hypofractionated whole breast irradiation (HF-WBI) has been proved effective and safe and even better for late or acute radiation toxicity for early breast cancer. Moreover, it improves patient convenience, quality of life and is expected to be advantageous in the medical care system by reducing overall cost. In this review, we examined key randomized trials of HF-WBI, focusing on adequate patient selection as suggested by the American Society of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ASTRO) guideline and the radiobiologic aspects of HF-WBI in relation to its adoption into clinical settings. Further investigation to identify the current practice pattern or cost effectiveness is warranted under the national health insurance service system in Korea.