• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

For optimal image quality of computer tomography angiography (CTA), different iodine concentrations and scan parameters were applied to quantitatively evaluate the image quality characteristics of filtered back projection (FBP), hybrid-iterative reconstruction (hybrid-IR), and deep learning reconstruction (DLR). A 320-row-detector CT scanner scanned a phantom with various iodine concentrations (1.2, 2.9, 4.9, 6.9, 10.4, 14.3, 18.4, and 25.9 mg/mL) located at the edge of a cylindrical water phantom with a diameter of 19 cm. Data obtained using each reconstruction technique was analyzed through noise, coefficient of variation (COV), and root mean square error (RMSE). As the iodine concentration increased, the CT number value increased, but the noise change did not show any special characteristics. COV decreased with increasing iodine concentration for FBP, adaptive iterative dose reduction (AIDR) 3D, and advanced intelligent clear-IQ engine (AiCE) at various tube voltages and tube currents. In addition, when the iodine concentration was low, there was a slight difference in COV between the reconstitution techniques, but there was little difference as the iodine concentration increased. AiCE showed the characteristic that RMSE decreased as the iodine concentration increased but rather increased after a specific concentration (4.9 mg/mL). Therefore, the user will have to consider the characteristics of scan parameters such as tube current and tube voltage as well as iodine concentration according to the reconstruction technique for optimal CTA image acquisition.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.58-77
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• 2004

Cost containment has become high political issues since financial crisis of the Korean Health Insurance fund in 2000. Korean Government has developed and implemented several measures to reduce the pharmaceutical expenditures. Pharmaceutical economic evaluation can be a tool in decision to allocate scare resource efficiently. In order to increase the quality of economic evaluation for pharmaceuticals, the Korean Health Insurance Review Agency(HIRA) is considering the development of a guideline for economic evaluation. It mandates that pharmaceutical companies could submit the result of an economic evaluation when demanding reimbursement of new pharmaceutical drugs. The purpose of this study is to provide a critical review of the economic evaluations of health care technologies published in the Korean context whether they have been performed according to current guidelines and therefore whether their results are directly useful for decision making. We found there exist important problems and deviation from, good practice' both in the general features of the studies, like the study design and perspective, and in terms of cost measurement and valuation. There are needs to develop clear guidelines and to educate and train researchers in performing economic evaluations.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.163-175
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• 2003

The research was aimed to find a special quality to the mathematical concept development using a graphing calculator in the collaborative learning. I could observe the process in which the students had formed the generalized and abstract mathematical concepts after they were given different concepts. I \ulcorner-Iso observed the characteristics of how they started with a vague syncretic conglomeration and approached to the complicated thoughts and genuine concepts. The advance of the collection type was achieved in the process of teacher's confirming of what the students had observed with a calculator. The language and the instrument were used in order for students to control the partial process. Also, they were given similar types of problems to make them clear when the students confronted 'the crisis of thoughts' at the level of pseudo-concept.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2011

All this while, 'Chimgugyeongheombang' has been rated as the level of Im Heo's personal writing. However, Huh, m, in his introduction of 'Chimgugyeongheombang' made it clear that his purpose of publishing this book was to criticize the doctors of the day who were tied down by one or two curative methods, and at the same time, ultimately to improve the quality of national medical service by enlightening them. It seems that such incompetent doctors' engagement in medical service at that time was attributable to insufficient medical education system unlike today as against much social demand for acupuncture & moxibustion therapy. Im Heo, in an effort to enlighten the medical practitioners of the day, put emphasis on an eclectic method, and contained the theories on internal organs and meridian on a systematic basis. In addition, he made his updated medical skills known to medical circles by integrating and wrapping up the Acupuncture & Moxibustion techniques at that time. Lastly, he tried to provide the optimized information for clinical trials in his own language by using a preposterous writing style and form. In such a context, 'Chimgugyeongheombang' is not a special medical book gripped with a sentence, or a simple medical formula with an emphasis on empiricism, but rather it might be proper to say that his 'Chimgugyeongheombang' was a serious attempt to embrace all the merits of both parties.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.9-16
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• 2011

This study aims to research the local characteristics of layout and floor plan at Hyangkyo Archiecture in Youngseo districts of Gangwon-do. Hyangkyo which were the institutional places of Chosun Dynasty used for stability and order of the dynasty as well as for the education of people. This thesis studies and analyzes the regularity which appears in the formation of architecture mainly in the aspects of layout, plane formality. Jeon-hak-hoo-myo is the arraying formality in which Myungryundang and Daesungjun are placed on a line of one axis with Myungryundang placed lower in the front and Daesungjun place higher in the back and this formality is applied for a land that slopes. The layout formation of Gangkak space is divided into Jeonjaehudang-type and Jeondanghujae-type. This study analyze arrangement type and plane characteristics about local old time school belonging to the Confucian shrine construction at Youngseo districts in Gangwon-do, there is purpose of research to wish to clear the regional special quality of local old time school belonging to the Confucian shrine construction at Youngseo districts in Gangwon-do.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.53-60
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• 2010

This study aims to research the local characteristics of layout and floor plan at Hyangkyo Archiecture in Youngdong districts of Gangwon-do. Hyangkyo which were the institutional places of Chosun Dynasty used for stability and order of the dynasty as well as for the education of people. This thesis studies and analyzes the regularity which appears in the formation of architecture mainly in the aspects of layout, plane formality. Jeon-hak-hoo-myo is the arraying formality in which Myungryundang and Daesungjun are placed on a line of one axis with Myungryundang placed lower in the front and Daesungjun place higher in the back and this formality is applied for a land that slopes. The layout formation of Gangkak space is divided into Jeonjaehudang-type and Jeondanghujae-type. This study analyze arrangement type and plane characteristics about local old time school belonging to the Confucian shrine construction at Youngdong districts in Gangwon-do, there is purpose of research to wish to clear the regional special quality of local old time school belonging to the Confucian shrine construction at Youngdong districts in Gangwon-do.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.207-211
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• 2020

In the global economy, trade is not confined in geological boundaries, enhancing the international relation among countries. However, the trade tension between the largest economy and the second-largest economy raise concerns among the world economies, enhancing the uncertainties around world. In particular, the trade tension between the two countries is highly related with South Korea's trade balance, because the country is highly dependent on the trade with the two countries. Given this, we analyzed the news editorials published in Korean quality newsaper, with related to U.S. and China Trade War by looking at the ideological perspectives of news outlets or journalists to the issue within the framework of critical discourse analysis. In particular we gave a special attention to the attitude to each country in order to investigate their ideological stance to the country, following van Dijk (1998)' ideological square. The results are as follows: first, the Chosun Ilbo emphasized 'their' bad properties directly and aggresively, while the Hankyoreh designated the U.S. as a member of an out-group, thus mitigating 'our' bad quatilies; Second, the two strategies of emphasis and mitigation enabled both newspapers to reinforce in-group homogeneity and out-group exclusion. Thus, we could conclude that the editorial is a clear indicator to show the news outlet's ideological stance to each country in regard to the trade issue.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.264-267
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• 2003

B2B electronic commerce of various form is gone present and e-Catalog that is used in electronic commerce is important element middle who can express well special quality of corporation's goods and product most effectively from infinite internet space. But, e-Catalog system that is used in electronic commerce is no clear concept and consistent component etc. and is constructing dissimilar system and there is shortcoming that can not use e-Catalog information exchange and transaction thereby. Propose XML(eXtensible Markup Language) in e-Catalog's standard document format to augment interoperability in selfishness species system in treatise that see hereupon, and defined e-Catalog document structure that can process goods information configurationally because using XML Schema. Also, e-Catalog registry system that offer search, registration service using e-Catalog document that is defined by XML design and embody.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.496-499
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• 2003

It is said that electronic documents to exchange information about goods and service in electronic form for electronic commerce between enterprise and enterprise (B2B) liver or enterprise and consumer(B2C) are e-Catalog, e-Catalog used in electronic commerce is important element that can express well enterprise's special quality of goods and product effectively from infinite Internet space. However, e-Catalog system been using in electronic commerce is no clear concept and consistent component etc. and is constructing each other dissimilar system and there is shortcoming that can not use e-Catalog information in exchange and transaction thereby. Hereupon, in this paper, defined e-Catalog document rescue that can process goods information configurationally using XML Schema to increase interoperability in selfishness species system. Also, change e-Catalog document that was defined as XML to e-Catalog document of other structure using XSLT and designed and embody integrated e-Catalog system so that may manage.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.1582-1589
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• 2003

It is said that electronic documents to exchange information about goods and service in electronic form for electronic commerce between enterprise and enterprise(B2B) liver or enterprise and consumer(B2C) are e-Catalog, e-Catalog used in electronic commerce is important element that can express well enterprise's special quality of goods and product effectively from infinite Internet space. However, e-Catalog system been using in electronic commerce is no clear concept and consistent component etc. and is constructing each other dissimilar system and there is shortcoming that can not use e-Catalog information in exchange and transaction thereby. Hereupon, in this paper, defined e-Catalog document rescue that can process goods information configurationally using XML Schema to increase interoperability in selfishness species system. Also, change e-Catalog document that was defined as XML to e-Catalog document of other structure using XSLT and designed and embody integrated e-Catalog system so that may manage.