• Title/Summary/Keyword: cleaning methods

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Evaluation of Effectiveness of Vacuum Oral Cleaner Developed for Patients with Limited Mobility

  • Lee, Jae-Hyun;Jung, Ki-Won;Kim, Hee-Kyung;Koo, Ki-Tae;Kim, Sung-Hun
    • The Journal of the Korean dental association
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    • v.54 no.12
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    • pp.1035-1044
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    • 2016
  • Purpose : The purpose of this study was to compare the plaque removal effects of vacuum oral cleaner developed for the patients with limited mobility with those of manual toothbrushes and high pressure injection oral cleaner (dental water jet). Meterials and methods : Thirty human subjects were measured with Patient Hygiene Performance index (PHP index) and O'Leary index before and after the use of toothbrush, high pressure injection oral cleaner and vacuum oral cleaner. These three different oral hygiene methods were conducted with seven-day intermittence. Then the statistical analysis was carried out to define plaque removal rate of three different oral hygiene methods (${\alpha}=.05$). Results : According to the efficacy analysis of plaque removal before and after the oral cleaning using each of three methods, significant reduction in plaque after the treatment compared to the previous state when using toothbrush, high pressure injection oral cleaner, and vacuum oral cleaner was observed (P < 0.001). PHP index of tooth brushing was higher than that of the high pressure injection oral cleaner, while PHP index of vacuum oral cleaner did not show significant difference from either of the other two methods. There was no significance difference in O'Leary index among the three methods. Conclusion : Effect of plaque removal using the vacuum oral cleaner is comparable to that of manual tooth brush or high pressure injection oral cleaner, so it will be helpful for self-oral hygiene care of the patients with limited mobility.

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Impact of different agitation methods on smear layer cleaning of mesial canals with accentuated curvature

  • Abel Teves Cordova;Murilo Priori Alcalde;Michel Espinosa Klymus;Leonardo Rigoldi Bonjardim;Rodrigo Ricci Vivan;Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • v.49 no.2
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    • pp.12.1-12.10
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    • 2024
  • Objectives: This study evaluated the impact of different methods of irrigant agitation on smear layer removal in the apical third of curved mesial canals of 3 dimensionally (D) printed mandibular molars. Materials and Methods: Sixty 3D-printed mandibular second molars were used, presenting a 70° curvature and a Vertucci type II configuration in the mesial root. A round cavity was cut 2 mm from the apex using a trephine of 2 mm in diameter, 60 bovine dentin disks were made, and a smear layer was formed. The dentin disks had the adaptation checked in the apical third of the teeth with wax. The dentin disks were evaluated in environmental scanning electron microscope before and after the following irrigant agitation methods: G1(PIK Ultrasonic Tip), G2 (Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation with Irrisonic- PUI), G3 (Easy Clean), G4 (HBW Ultrasonic Tip), G5 (Ultramint X Ultrasonic tip), and G6 (conventional irrigation-CI) (n = 10). All groups were irrigated with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Results: All dentin disks were 100% covered by the smear layer before treatment, and all groups significantly reduced the percentage of the smear layer after treatment. After the irrigation protocols, the Ultra-X group showed the lowest coverage percentage, statistically differing from the conventional, PIK, and HBW groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference among Ultramint X, PUI-Irrisonic, and Easy Clean (p > 0.05). None of the agitation methods could remove the smear layer altogether. Conclusions: Ultramint X resulted in the most significant number of completely clean specimens.

Analysis of Buried-Fabrics from the Tomb of Kim HeumJo by Physical Chemical and Biological Methods (김흠조 분묘 출토직물의 보존처리를 위한 물리.화학.생물학적 분석)

  • 이미식;박명자;배순화;이연희
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.809-819
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    • 1999
  • The scientific analysis of buried fabrics from the 16th century tomb of Kim HeumJo was conducted focusing on the conservation of fabrics, In order to find out the appropriate cleaning solvent and detergent for historical textiles physical chemical and biological analysis was conducted. The following results are obtained from this study : 1, The buried fabrics from the tomb of Kim HeumJo were composed of cotton silk and ramie. Most of fabrics had lost their original colors faded to brown. It was revealed variations in weaves and patterns were very developed at that times. 2. The chemical components of soils are hydrocarbons alkyl alcohols nitrogen compounds aromatic organic acid which is supposed to be from a human body microorganisms and their by-products. 3. Seven kinds of fungi Actinomycetes Corynebacterium spp Micrococcus luteus Bacillus Clostridium were isolated from the fabrics. The most common fungus was Bacillus.

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Current Status and Research Trend of the Green Technology for Atmospheric Environment (대기환경 개선을 위한 녹색기술 현황과 연구동향)

  • Kim, Daekeun;Park, Sung-Kyu;Jeon, Eui Chan
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.29 no.5
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    • pp.574-580
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    • 2013
  • Green technology encompasses a growing group of methods and materials, from techniques for generating energy and alternative resources to non-toxic cleaning products. Green technology is expected to solve current problems in atmospheric environment such as climate changes due to green house gases and hazardous air pollutants. This paper provides a review on the status of green technology and policy guidelines in Korea as well as the green technology for air pollutants. It presents the R&D projects and future direction in atmospheric environment, and the green technology in mobile source air pollution. Emerging green technology contributes to sustainable growth and development of atmospheric environmental industry for better air quality.

Optimization of Selective Epitaxial Growth of Silicon in LPCVD

  • Cheong, Woo-Seok
    • ETRI Journal
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    • v.25 no.6
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    • pp.503-509
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    • 2003
  • Selective epitaxial growth (SEG) of silicon has attracted considerable attention for its good electrical properties and advantages in building microstructures in high-density devices. However, SEG problems, such as an unclear process window, selectivity loss, and nonuniformity have often made application difficult. In our study, we derived processing diagrams for SEG from thermodynamics on gas-phase reactions so that we could predict the SEG process zone for low pressure chemical vapor deposition. In addition, with the help of both the concept of the effective supersaturation ratio and three kinds of E-beam patterns, we evaluated and controlled selectivity loss and non-uniformity in SEG, which is affected by the loading effect. To optimize the SEG process, we propose two practical methods: One deals with cleaning the wafer, and the other involves inserting dummy active patterns into the wide insulator to prevent the silicon from nucleating.

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A Human Robot Interactive System "RoJi"

  • Shim, In-Bo;Yoon, Joong-Sun
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.2670-2675
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    • 2003
  • A human-friendly interactive system, based on the harmonious symbiotic coexistence of human and robots, is explored. Based on interactive technology paradigm, a robotic cane is proposed for blind or visually impaired travelers to navigate safely and quickly among obstacles and other hazards faced by blind pedestrians. Robotic aids, such as robotic canes, require cooperation between humans and robots. Various methods for implementing the appropriate cooperative recognition, planning, and acting, have been investigated. The issues discussed include the interaction of human and robot, design issues of an interactive robotic cane, and behavior arbitration methodologies for navigation planning.

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A Study on the Actual Condition of Management about the Apartment Houses in Israel (이스라엘 공동주택의 관리실태에 관한 연구 - 예루살렘과 하이파의 거주자 관리인을 중심으로 -)

    • Journal of the Korean housing association
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.125-135
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    • 1999
  • This study is intended to analyze the condition of management about the apartment houses in Israel. The subjects of the study were 32 house-committees who live in Jerusalem and Haifa, and who were interviewed by structured questionnaire from the 1st of April through the 30th of May 1997. The statistical methods used for the study were: frequency, percentage, mean, t-test and ANOVA by the SPSS for MS Windows Release 6.0 program. The main results of this study are as follows: 1) The most house-committee members were elected by the residents who attend the annual meeting. 2) The period of management of the committee was average of 4.1 years. 3) The tasks of the committee were to collect the management fee and make the contracts for cleaning and gardening for buildings. 4) The opinion about having the professional managers was negative. 5) The major issues of the committee were being supported by either the local authority or the other organizations which are related to housing management.

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Tuberculosis Infection Control in Health-Care Facilities: Environmental Control and Personal Protection

  • Lee, Ji Yeon
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.79 no.4
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    • pp.234-240
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    • 2016
  • Transmission of tuberculosis (TB) is a recognized risk to patients and healthcare workers in healthcare settings. The literature review suggests that implementation of combination control measures reduces the risk of TB transmission. Guidelines suggest a three-level hierarchy of controls including administrative, environmental, and respiratory protection. Among environmental controls, installation of ventilation systems is a priority because ventilation reduces the number of infectious particles in the air. Natural ventilation is cost-effective but depends on climatic conditions. Supplemented intervention such as air-cleaning methods including high efficiency particulate air filtration and ultraviolet germicidal irradiation should be considered in areas where adequate ventilation is difficult to achieve. Personal protective equipment including particulate respirators provides additional benefit when administrative and environmental controls cannot assure protection.

Effect on the Hydrogen Peroxide in the Ozonation of Ammonia (오존에 의한 암모니아 산화시 과산화수소가 미치는 영향)

  • 박문숙;안재동;노봉오
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2001
  • Ammonia is used in the manufacture of fertilizers, refrigerants, stabilizers and many household cleaning agents. These wide applications resulted in ammonia contamination in water. Ammonia can be removed from water by physical, biological, and chemical methods. Ozonation is effictive in the treatment of water with low concentration of ammonia. This study is undertaken to provide kinetic data for the ozonation of ammonia with or without hydrogen peroxide. The results were as follows; The destruction rate of ammonia increased gradually with the influent hydrogen peroxide concentration up to 0.23 mM and inhibited in the range of 0.23~11.4mM, and the maximum removal rate of ammonia achieved at 0.23mM of hydrogen peroxide, and the overall kinetics was first order. The combination effect of hydrogen and ozone to oxide ammonia in aqueous solution was better than ozone alone. The reacted ammonia was converted completely to nitrate ion.

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Characteristics of ammonia ozonation with bromide (브롬촉매에 의한 암모니아의 오존산화시 특성)

  • 박문숙;양미경
    • Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.1-10
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    • 2002
  • Ammonia is used in the manufacture of fertilizers, refrigerants, stabilizers and many household cleaning agents. The wide applications result in ammonia contamination in water. Ammonia can be removed from water by physical, biological, and chemical methods. Especially ozonation is effective in the treatment of water with low concentration of ammonia. Therefore, this study is undertaken to provide kinetic data for the ozonation of ammonia with bromide. The results were as follows; Ammonia oxidized by ozone with bromide catalysis. The denitrification rate of the ammonia increased proportionally to the concentration of bromide, and the overall reaction order was zero. It was also found that the effect of bromide ion concentration on the denitrification can be expressed by Monod type equation and there was no more effect above a proper bromide ion concentration. The reacted ammonia was converted completely to nitrate ion without bromide, but the denitrification of ammonia by ozone was conducted in the presence of bromide.