• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.30-41
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• 1993

In the present investigation, some multivariate discriminant analyses were done for each population of the native honeybee workers (Apis cerana), which were selected for 15 different localities in spring and 16 in summer form Korea. when the comparison of both seasons for different populations and regardless of seasons were conducted, all the classification results revealed that the differences were significantly prominent. And the length of fore tibia(FTL) was the best contributed character among the 47 morphometric characters used in the analysis.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.802-814
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• 1993

This paper propose an algorithm for preprocessing of character recognition, which classify characters into Hangeul and Hanja. In this study, we use the 9 structural chacteristics of Hanja which isn't affected by deformation of size and style of characters and rates based on character size to classify characters. Firstly, we process the blocking to segment each characters. Secondly, on this segmented characters, we apply algorithm proposed in this paper to classify Hangeul and Hanja. Finally, we classify characters into Hangeul and Hanja, respectively. An experiment with 2350 Hangeul and 4888 Hanja printed Gothic and Mincho style of KS-C 5601 are carried out. We experiment on typeface sample book, newspapers, academic society's papers, magazines, textbooks and documents written out word processor to obtain the classifying rates of 98.8%, 92%, 96%, 98% and 98%, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.31B no.9
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• pp.142-149
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• 1994

Hangul is expressed by the basic elements, twenty-four characters. Because these characters are composed of a circle and lines, Hough transform(HT), which has a powerful performance on the noise in extracting lines, is introduced. Many difficulties often occur when the original HT is used to extract strokes and it's direction, position and length from handwritten Hangul characters. Original HT has eight direction selected as samples in the transformed image should be calculated for these eight directions. In this paper, the generalized sampling rule is suggested. According to the rule, those directions which are possible to a line are the only thing to be calculated. The experoment result turned out to be higher than the method that Chen suggested in sampling rate. Anogher experiment result is done on the 1800 handwritten Hangul characters that 10 persons wrote. By feature extracting the oritinal HT and sampling HT. And as a result of six type classification, the suggested method came out higher than original HT.

• ALGAE
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.349-375
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• 2006

The application of modern ecological, ultrastructural and molecular methods, aided by the cultivation of numerous cyanobacterial morphotypes, has substantially changed our knowledge of these organisms. It has led to major advances in cyanobacterial taxonomy and criteria for their phylogenetic classification. Molecular data provide basic criteria for cyanobacterial taxonomy; however, a correct phylogenetic system cannot be constructed without combining genetic data with knowledge from the previous 150 years research of cyanobacterial diversity. Thus, studies of morphological variation in nature, and modern morphological, ultrastructural, ecophysiological and biochemical characters need to be combined in a “polyphasic” approach. Taxonomic concepts for generic and infrageneric ranks are re-evaluated in light of combined phenotypic and molecular criteria. Despite their usefulness in experimental studies, the limitations of using strains from culture collections for systematic and nomenclatural purposes is highlighted. The need for a continual revision of strain identification and proper nomenclatural practice associated with either the bacteriological or botanical codes is emphasized. Recent advances in taxonomy are highlighted in the context of prospects for understanding cyanobacterial diversity from natural habitats, and the evolutionary and adaptational processes that cyanobacteria undergo.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 2005

In this paper, we know the historical background in group representations and prove the properties such that a finite group G has non-trivial abelian normal subgroup in some condition for the irreducible character G and prove the properties of product of irreducible characters of finite groups.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.11-18
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• 2020

Korean entertainment programs have attempted to change formats to reflect the viewers' preference for the unexpected progress of narrative. Casts have used their public identity and it contributes to strengthen the realism by providing their realistic reactions. This study is to advance understanding of entertainment characters' characteristic by classifying character types and analyzing main types that have been appeared repeatedly. This study suggests securing diversity of entertainment characters by noticing character types appearing at low frequency in classification.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.65-72
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• 1990

The potential of neural networks for the recognition of the printed Korean characters is examined. In spite of good classification capability of neural networks, it is difficult to train a neural network to recognize Korean characters. The difficulty is due to a large number of Korean characters, the similarities among the characters, and the large number of data from the character images. To reduce the input image data, DC components are extracted from each input images. These preprocessed data are used as input to the neural network. The output nodes are composed to represent the characteristics of Korean characters. A MLP (multilayer perceptron) with one hidden layer was trained with a modified BEP algorithm, This method gives good recognition rate for the standard positioned characters of more than 2,300. The result shows that neural networks are well suited for the recognition of printed Korean characters.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.316-321
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• 2017

We analyze the online Hangul handwriting recognition problem (HHR) and present solutions based on recurrent neural networks. The solutions are organized according to the three kinds of sequence labeling problem - sequence classifications, segment classification, and temporal classification, with additional consideration of the structural constitution of Hangul characters. We present a stacked gated recurrent unit (GRU) based model as the natural HHR solution in the sequence classification level. The proposed model shows 86.2% accuracy for recognizing 2350 Hangul characters and 98.2% accuracy for recognizing the six types of Hangul characters. We show that the type recognizing model successfully follows the type change as strokes are sequentially written. These results show the potential for RNN models to learn high-level structural information from sequential data.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.31-49
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• 1972

Nowadays, the studies of Orientalogy and Koreanalogy have been developed remarkably. Consequently, the works of commentaries, criticism, translations and the various studies on the matter have been published in quantities. It is also expected that there will be much progress on the above mentioned fields of learning in the future. In this situation, the paper is intended for the professional librarians serving in the field to be familiar with the classification of historical part of the traditional Four Category Classification Scheme (四部分類法). The following topics are mainly dealt with. 1) Studying the origins and characters of classification of historical part of the classification Scheme. 2) Comparing the correlations of division and section of historical part as well as those of other parts of the classification scheme. 3) Explaining the limitation of classification relating to others while presenting the examples to aid for understanding. 4) Giving the principal knowledge on the practice of classification. 5) Attempting for the librarians to make literatures more easily usable among the various systematized bibliographies.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 1999

To examine taxonomic relationships among 53 plums derived from Prunus cerasifera, P. domestica, and P. salicina, principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis on 27 morphological characters were conducted. Of 27 characters, leaf size, leaf shape, and leaf hair were useful characters for plum identification and understanding of taxonomic relationships among them. Leaf length, petiole length, number of leaf nectaries, leaf shape, leaf base, and date of full blooming showed the clear differences between P. salicina group and P. domestica group. Results of cluster analysis using scores of the first three principal components indicated that 53 plums could be grouped into P. salicina-P. cerasifera, P. domestica, and P. spinosa phenon at 1.0 of average distance in UPGMA. Although PCA was useful for rough classification of plums, much more characters were needed for the exact classification.