• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2022

본 연구는 경상남도 소재 C대학에서 코로나19 이후 이루어진 원격수업에서 LMS만족도가 전체 만족도에 미치는 영향의 정도를 알아보고, 전체 수업 만족도와 LMS 만족도 요인 간의 영향 관계를 살펴보고자 한다. C대학에서는코로나19 이후 시행된 대규모 원격수업의 원활한 운영을 위하여 차세대 스마트 LMS 구축 사업을 시작하여 2021학년도 1학기부터 운영하였다. LMS를 활용하여 이루어진 원격수업에 대한 학습자 만족도를 알아보기 위하여 전체 수업 만족도와 LMS 만족도에 관한 다섯 요인으로 이루어진 설문조사를 C대학에서 원격수업을 경험한 학습자 140명을대상으로 실시한 결과, C대학에서 원격수업을 경험한 학습자는 전체 수업 만족도뿐만 아니라 LMS 만족도에서도 높은 만족도를 보였다. LMS 만족도와 전체 수업 만족도의 회귀분석 결과, LMS 기능의 편리성과 교수자와의 상호작용관련 요인이 전체 수업 만족도에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 학습자가 LMS 기능이 편리하다고 느낄수록, LMS를 통해 교수자와 원활하게 상호작용이 가능하다고 느낄수록 전체 수업 만족도도 높아지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 한 개 대학의 학습자를 대상으로 하였으며, 한정된 변수 측정만 이루어졌다는 한계가 있다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.395-406
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• 2006

This study was carried out to offer the systematical and scientific method of regional environment conservation by deciding the rank using fuzzy theory, and try to find the methodology to accurately accomplished the regional environment assessment for sound land conservation. The results were as follows. To transform the Likert's scale granted to assessment indicators into the type of triangular fuzzy number (a, b, c), there was conversion to each minimum (a), median (b), and maximum (c) in applying membership function. We used the center of gravity and eigenvalue leading to the rank. In the sequential analysis of rank-based test of assessment indicators by triangular fuzzy number, the result proclaimed that ranking of the indicators was, in the biotic field, in the order of 'dominance', 'sociality', 'coverage' and in the abiotic one, 'soil pH', 'T-N', 'soil property', and in the qualitative one, 'impact rating class', 'hemeroby degree', 'land use pattern', and in the functional one, 'protection of water resource', 'offer of recreation', 'protection of soil erosion'. Therefore, there was a difference between subjective rank from human and the rank from triangular fuzzy number. In other words, the scientific rank decision would be not so much being subjective and biased as dealing with human thoughts mathematically by triangular fuzzy number.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.55-69
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analyze the prehospital care report prepared by EMS squads of 119 center in Gyeonggi area and to identify the status of prehospital care activities, problems and improvement possibilities of the emergency care. Method : Five hundred copies of prehospital care report prepared by EMS squads in thirty-eight 119 centers under 18 fire stations in Gyeonggi area from March to April in 2008 were randomly chosen for the analysis. Data abstracted according to the purpose of the study were input and the analysis of prehospital care activities were performed using SPSS-WIN(ver. 16) statistics package. Results : 1. Total 500 cases of prehospital emergency care activities were reviewed. By sex, females were 219 (43.8%) and males were 281 (56.2%). The places of reporting were home (57.8%). According to the type of emergency, 281 cases (56.2%) were caused by disease and 291 (43.8%) were from other causes such as traffic accidents or incidental injuries. 2 The average time needed for the 119 EMS squad to arrive at the scene after being reported was 7.29 minutes. The time used at the scene for the emergency care was 7.3 minutes in average and the time to arrive at the hospital was 25.4 minutes in average. 3. In patient evaluation, in 68% of the cases more than two vital signs were measured at one time and emergency patients were 31%, and non-emergency patients were 69%. 4. In one EMS activity, average 2.15 cases of emergency care were provided to a patient. The cases where two kinds of emergency care were given were 14.4%, which is the most frequent cases. When reviewing the details of the emergency cares given to the patient including multiple cares, trivial cards (taking it easy and giving comfort) were the most frequent one as 40.6% and the medical direction of the doctor was given in only one case out of 500 cases. 5. In patient evaluation and emergency care, vital signs were provided to emergency patients at significantly higher rate comparing to the non-emergency patients. The number of emergency care performance was significantly higher in emergency cases. In emergency dispatch, the cases that EMT (1st class) was on board was 86.2%. When comparing the cases when the 1st class EMT was on board and otherwise, the cases with the presence of 1st class EMT showed more vital signs were detected but there was no significant difference in the number of emergency cares provided. Conclusion : It seemed that the on-scene emergency care did not satisfy the expectations. So it is necessary to enforce the cooperation between the elements, the qualifications of the 119 EMS squads and to improve the prehospital working environment in order to provide the better medical service at any time.

• 교육시설
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.40-48
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• 1998

A Considerable number of middle and high schools has an educational program that allows the students to move from one class to another according to their academic achievements. It is, however, performed in existing classrooms with uniform pattern, corresponding to the launch of the 7th curriculum (scheduled to practice in 2000). This research is to investigate the current situation of IILA and to collect the teachers opinions and their demands regarding spatial change to accommodate IILA effectively. This research is also to acquire a fundamental data to set up a prototype for designing a school building for IILA in future. The research process includes surveying the current circumstances of IILA in 136 middle and high schools in Seoul and Pusan, and performing interviews for 9 schools. The research results revealed that there was lack of classrooms to comply IILA in most cases and inconvenience resulted in moving from class to class. It also showed that majority of students experienced unhandy due to limited lockers for the personal belongings. It is also found that the IILA was not a practice for offering various teaching methods but simply an aspect of grouping students based upon their academic achievements.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.287-295
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• 2008

Elementary students' behaviors classifying leaves have been analyzed according to the material types provided for the classification class. 199 sixth grade students were participated in the task classifying the leaves of various plants for the research. The three types of materials provided to them for the class were real leaves, photos of the leaves and explanation cards including the photos of leaves. One of the research findings was that the only material made students handle in the observed behaviors was the real leave of the material types given as classifying. Three were differences between groups in the time required and the number of using criteria for the class. The numbers of criteria had been applied to analyzing their behaviors as classifying the real leaves which were less than those with photo materials. The amount of taken time to classify the real leaves and photo materials were less than those of another material. Finally, the contents of criteria did not differ between groups except appearing properties presented to the task with photo and explanation materials. It is expected that the research can be contributed for elementary school teachers and for curriculum developers to choose appropriate instructional materials as constructing curriculum contents for elementary science to make elementary school students acquire classifying skill in science classes.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.217-221
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• 2013

Quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes based on the Calderbank-Shor-Steane construction have low encoding and decoding complexity. The sum-product algorithm(SPA) can be used to decode quantum LDPC codes; however, the decoding performance may be significantly decreased by the many four-cycles required by this type of quantum codes. All four-cycles can be eliminated using the entanglement-assisted formalism with maximally entangled states (ebits). The proposed entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting code based on Euclidean geometry outperform differently structured quantum codes. However, the large number of ebits required to construct the entanglement-assisted formalism is a substantial obstacle to practical application. In this paper, we propose a novel class of entanglement-assisted quantum LDPC codes constructed using classical Euclidean geometry LDPC codes. Notably, the new codes require one copy of the ebit. Furthermore, we propose a construction scheme for a corresponding zigzag matrix and show that the algebraic structure of the codes could easily be expanded. A large class of quantum codes with various code lengths and code rates can be constructed. Our methods significantly improve the possibility of practical implementation of quantum error-correcting codes. Simulation results show that the entanglement-assisted quantum LDPC codes described in this study perform very well over a depolarizing channel with iterative decoding based on the SPA and that these codes outperform other quantum codes based on Euclidean geometries.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2015

Purpose: Under a trend of hospitals that repeated expansion in line with fast increasing factors of medical demands in the past, medical buildings where clinic businesses have regularly gathered in one building have exponentially increased since separation of prescribing and dispensing in 2000. Thus, this study aims at analyzing characteristics of architectural plan of the current medical buildings, identifying strengths and weaknesses through Post Occupancy Evaluation and suggesting an architectural planning method of medical buildings to be planned in the future. Methods: Scope of study has been limited to 23 medical buildings that are registered in the building register as medical buildings out of the Class 1 neighborhood facilities build as 5 floors or more in Cheongju region since 2000 and being actually used for the usage. Study method is to define concepts of the medical buildings through literature review and advanced researches, analyze characteristics of architectural plan through drawing analysis and site survey. Results: General characteristics of architectural plans for the medical buildings in Cheongju have been analyzed. There are the most frequencies in general commercial area and semi-residential area, most of them are reinforced concrete structure and the Class 1 neighborhood facilities. Average land area is $482.68m^2$, gross floor area $3720.8m^2$, the number of underground floors level 1.16, the number of floors level 7.76, total number of floors 8.92, the building-to-land ratio 67.28%, floor area ratio 452.6%, height 31.44m, and the number of parked vehicles 24.16. Implications: This research will contribute to the establishment of the planning methods which increase the quality of Medical Buildings in Cheongju.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.463-478
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 유전자 사이의 상관계수가 높은 마이크로어레이 데이타에 대하여 제안하는 알고리즘을 통해 상관계수가 낮은 유전자들의 부집합을 만들고, 이에 대해 적합 함수를 통한 평가로 기존 방법론이 가지는 한계를 극복할 수 있도록 하였다. 기존 방법론은 개별 특징의 평가를 통해 중복 특징을 제거하며, 상관계수에 대한 고려가 없어 선택된 유전자 부집합들의 상관계수가 논은 문제가 있었다. 이에 따라 제안하는 알고리즘은 특징간의 관계를 평가하는 Feature Wrapping 기법을 활용하여, 추출된 유전자 부집합에 포함된 유전자 사이의 상관관계가 낮고, 클래스 구분력이 높은 특징을 갖도록 하였다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1993

잣송이 수확기계의 개발을 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 강원대학교 임과대학 부속연습림에서 7영급 및 4영급의 착과한 잣나무의 정단부위 성장특성과 착과특성을 1992년 8월 말부터 9월 중순까지 조사하였다. 1. 당년 성장한 가지의 길이는 4영급에서 주지는 27~56cm이고 측지는 18~47cm로 7영급보다 훨씬 왕성하였다. 2. 측지의 분지각은 $24{\sim}89^{\circ}$이었고, 2년 성장한 주지의 직경은 10~30mm로서 두 특징에 있어 영급간 유의적인 차이가 없었으나, 1년생 주지의 직청은 4영급에서 9~18mm로서 7영급보다 생장량이 더 높았다. 3. 착과수는 평균 5개, 구과 생중량은 평균 272g으로 영급간 유의적인 차가 없었다. 4. 2년 자란 주지의 착과위치는 그 마디 아랫 쪽으로부터 7영급에서는 9.7~33.0cm, 4영급에서는 18.0~51.0cm의 범위인 곳으로 평균위치는 각 마디의 1/2과 4/5되는 위치였다. 5. 착과한 나무에 있어서 구과, 1년생지 및 2년생지를 합한 총생중량의 범위는 1.0~7.4kg이었다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.103-113
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• 1988

The analysis of the visual impairment and refractive errors among 4,004 school children in Seoul in 1986 with ancilliary questionnaire on various socio-environmental and visual factors was conducted. The number of the student with subnormal vision (0.7 or less) was 1,552 (38,8 %), and the rate of subnormal vision was increased with the higher grading of the school classes. Rate of myopes among the 1,552 students vision 0.7 or less consists of 52 % in primary school, 83.5 % in middle school, and 94 % in high school, and they were increased with the higher grading of the school class. The acutest increase of rates were observed at the stages of 2nd year class of male, and 1st year class of female at the middle school. Among the glasses-wearer of myopic students of vision 0.5 or less, the rate of adequately corrected cases was 42.5 %, whereas the overcorrected in 6.8 %, and undercorrected in 49.3 %. The main reasons of glasses negligence among the non-possessor of glasses with the vision of 0.5 or less were indicated in prominence of numbers of' "no complaints without glasses" (42 %). "unawareness of visual disturbance" (20%), "annoyance with wearing glasses" (13.4%), and "no permission from parents" (11.5 %) rather than the "economical reasons". The amblyopic components were estimated 126 cases (3.2%) in combination of refractive errors. According to the analysis of ancilliary questionnaire, the-conclusion with the statistical significance was that the myopization of the children's eyes appeared susceptible with a number of socio-environmental factors including the eating habits, length of T.V. watching period and distance, reading distance and type of illumination during near work, and school achievement. The possibility of prevention in some extents of progress of the myopia following the improvement of the relevant environmental factors in younger stage of children would be considered as deducible one.