• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.167-177
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• 1986

This study was undertaken to compare the main differences and its effects of the 4 first bicuspid extraction on the face and dental arch of the class II div 1 malocclusion. The subjects consisted of twenty two class II div 1 malocclusion, four males, eighteen females, were 14 Years 2 Months old at the stan of the treatment 16 Year 3 Months old at the end of the treatment. (mean age) Twenty one variables were observed by comparing the statistical data of the pretreatment records with postteratment records, which were consited of eight varibles on the study model digitation, thirteen variables on the tracing of the lateral cephalogram. The following results were obtained. 1. No significant change was observed in the intercanine width. 2. Intercuspal widths of the 1st. premolar and 2nd. premolar were decreased. 3. Change of the overjet was dependant upon upper anterior rather than lower anterior. 4. No significant changes were observed in facial plane angle and ANB angle. 5. Uprighting of the lower 1st. molar had an effect on the increase of the facial height.

• 대한심미치과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2001

The Class III malocclusion classified in two types of Skeletal Class III and Pseudo Class III. In the case of the maxillary deficiency, the protraction H-G(facemask) with Bonded RPE can be used. For children with A-P and vertical maxillary deficiency, the preferred treatment is to move the maxilla into a more anterior and inferior position, which also increases its size as bone is added at the posterior and superior sutures. Successful forward repositioning of the maxilla can be accomplished before age 8. To resist tooth movement as much as possible, the maxillary teeth should be splinted together as a single unit. The maxillary appliance must have hooks for attachment to the facemask that are located in the canine-primary molar area above the occlusal plane. The facemask usually worn until a positive overjet of 2-5mm is achieved interincisally. Occipital chin cup is successful in those patients who can bring their incisors close to an edge-to-edge position when in centric relation. This treatment is particularly useful in patients who begin treatment with a short lower anterior facial height, as this type of treatment can lead to an increase in lower anterior facial height. If the pull of the chin cup is directed below the condyle, the force of the appliance may lead to a downward and backward rotation of the mandible.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.280-289
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• 2016

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze tooth movement and arch width changes in maxillary dentition following nonextraction treatment with orthodontic mini-implant (OMI) anchorage in Class II division 1 malocclusions. Methods: Seventeen adult patients diagnosed with Angle's Class II division 1 malocclusion were treated by nonextraction with OMIs as anchorage for distalization of whole maxillary dentition. Three-dimensional virtual maxillary models were superimposed with the best-fit method at the pretreatment and post-treatment stages. Linear, angular, and arch width variables were measured using Rapidform 2006 software, and analyzed by the paired t -test. Results: All maxillary teeth showed statistically significant movement posteriorly (p < 0.05). There were no significant changes in the vertical position of the maxillary teeth, except that the second molars were extruded (0.86 mm, p < 0.01). The maxillary first and second molars were rotated distal-in ($4.5^{\circ}$, p < 0.001; $3.0^{\circ}$, p < 0.05, respectively). The intersecond molar width increased slightly (0.1 mm, p > 0.05) and the intercanine, interfirst premolar, intersecond premolar, and interfirst molar widths increased significantly (2.2 mm, p < 0.01; 2.2 mm, p < 0.05; 1.9 mm, p < 0.01; 2.0 mm, p < 0.01; respectively). Conclusions: Nonextraction treatment with OMI anchorage for Class II division 1 malocclusions could retract the whole maxillary dentition to achieve a Class I canine and molar relationship without a change in the vertical position of the teeth; however, the second molars were significantly extruded. Simultaneously, the maxillary arch was shown to be expanded with distal-in rotation of the molars.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.121-132
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• 2008

성장기 골격성 II급 부정 교합의 진단 및 치료 계획 수립 시, 환자의 골격 형태와 예후 및 치료효과 등을 고려하는 것은 매우 중요한 과정이라 할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구는 성장기 II급 부정교합자의 치료 과정 중 Activator를 이용한 실험군 89명과 사용하지 않은 대조군 21명을 선정하여 교정 치료 전(T1), Activator 치료 후(T2), 교정 치료 종료(T3) 시의 골격적 차이를 치료 결과(effective body length 변화)에 따라 2군(1, 2군)으로 분류하여 비교, 분석하고 그 결과를 진단, 치료 계획 수립 등 임상 과정에 연계시키기 위해 시행되었다. 실험군의 경우에는 Activator의 치료효과 중 effective body length(Ar-Me)의 변화량에 따라 분류하고 대조군은 치료전 effective body length에 따라 분류하여 통계처리 하였다. 그 결과 실험군에서는 하악체 길이가 짧고, 상 하악골 간의 격차가 크며 전안면 고경의 길이가 짧은 환자에서 Activator에 의한 치료효과가 크게 나타났으며 이러한 치료 전(T1) 시기의 차이는 실험군에서는 고정성 교정 장치 치료 후(T3)시기로 가며 성장에 의해 사라졌다. 그러나 대조군에서는 치료 전(T1) 시기의 짧은 하악체 길이와 전안면 고경이 고정성 교정 장치 치료 후(T3) 까지 유지 되었다. 전체적인 Activator치료와 유지 기간이 포함된 치료 전(T1), 고정성 교정 장치 치료 후(T3) 간 변화량에 있어서는 Activator를 사용한 군에 있어서 보다 양호한 하악 성장 양상이 나타났다. 즉 Activator에 의한 치료효과는 골격형태에 따라 다르게 나타나며 이 결과는 치료 후까지 유지 되며 보다 안정적인 치료결과를 가져 오는 것으로 사료된다. 이번 연구를 통해 성장기 II급 부정교합자에서 Activator에 의한 치료효과와 그 효과의 안정적인 유지를 확인할 수 있었고 이를 바탕으로 교정치료 시 Activator의 효과를 예측하여 바람직한 안모성장을 유도할 수 있다고 생각된다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.31-39
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• 1977

The patient, 18-year-old girl, had a class III malocclusion with the lateral compression of the maxilla due to the premature loss of the canines, mild mandibular prognathism, and mouth breathing habit. The treatment plan consisted of 1) rapid maxillary expansion 2) a period of retention 3) extraction of the first mandibular premolars instead of surgical correction 4) completion of orthodontic treatment with multibanded system. The maxilla was separated in the midline by the application of orthopedic forces via a cemented rapid maxillary expansion device. After 18 months, She gained functional overbite-overjet relationship, good interdigitation of buccal segments, and facial harmony due to the retraction of lower anterior teeth.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 1983

The author used cephalometric roentgenogram to observe the longitudinal change by orthodontic treatment for early class III malocclusion in primary and mixed dentition. First, the cephalometric roentgenograms were measured and following results were obtained 1. SNA, SNB, ANB, Gonial angle, and SN to mandibular plane were measured as skeletal pattern and $\underline{1}$ to SN. $\overline{1}$ to mandibular plane and interincisal angle were measured as denture pattern. 2. Angular measurements for the Class III malocclusion were compared with those for the normal occlusion of the same Hellman dental age.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 1984

A girl aged 13 years 1 month, had a Angle's Class 1 malocclusion, characterized by severe aterior crowding, high canine, and loss of the upper and lower left first molars on account of dental caries. This patient underwent ${\frac{4}{4}}$extraction and multibonded system was used. After 20 Months, anterior crowding and high canine was corrected, and the extraction space as closed on both arch. The upper and lower left 2nd molars occupied the first molar spaces instead of the first polars. After 6 Months from debanding, band spaces were disappeared and the third molars were upting normally.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제17권6호통권121호
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• pp.443-447
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• 1979

The author compared and analysed the roentgenocephalograms of ninety Korean children with the normal occlusion, seventy-two patients with class I malocclusion and one hundred nineteen patient with class II malocclusion, The Results are as followings: Significant difference in all measurnments. 1. All measurments noticed significant differenve in ANOVA. 2. 'Wits' appraisal noticed most significant difference in Scheffe F-test.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.711-722
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• 1991

The first patient of this case was 13 year and 8 month old girl who had the Angle's class I malocclusion with uneruption of upper left central incisor and left canine. The second patient was 12 year old boy who had the Angle's class I malocclusion with uneruption of right central incisor. After surgical exposure of impacted teeth of those patients and bonding of attachment on exposed crown, those teeth were orthodontically pulled with removable appliances. The results were obtained as follow. 1. The functionally proper occlusion was established by guidance of the impacted teeth into the normal position in the arch. 2. Establishment of esthetic and balanced arch form was achieved. 3. The possibility of restorative prosthetic treatment induced by extraction of impacted teeth was eliminated. 4. The psychologic relief of pubertal patient who was very sensitive to facial esthetics was gained.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.199-207
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• 2021

Traditional orthognathic surgery has long been performed after presurgical orthodontic treatment. Despite some concerns, the surgery-first orthognathic approach (SFOA) or surgery-first approach (SFA) without presurgical orthodontic treatment has gradually gained popularity. In recent years, several articles dealing with the concepts of the SFA have been published worldwide. However, the SFA has not yet been standardized, and many surgeons use slightly different protocols and concepts. This review article discusses the beginning and evolution of the SFA and its current concepts, including some opinions based on the authors' clinical experiences over the last 15 years. According to recent investigations, the SFA could be applied effectively in several situations including class III malocclusion, class II malocclusion, and facial asymmetry. However, debate on the SFA continues and many issues remain to be resolved. This review article addresses the current issues regarding the SFOA, including its advantages and disadvantages, as well as its indications and contraindications. The authors summarize various aspects of the SFA and expect that this review article will help surgeons and orthodontists better understand the current status of the SFA.