• 환경위생공학
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2006

This study was carried out for verification of efficiency of seawater exchange breakwater which was installed in joomoongin harbor for the first time in our country. The joomoongin harbor, where seawater exchange breakwater has been constructed, shows typical for fishery and tourist port city specifics of greatest pollutants discharge volume in spring and summer, when tourist inflow and fishery activity is most vigorous. On the East Sea seawater flux through seawater exchange breakwater for the smallest waves (up to 0.5 m) was found out to be $1,526-3,052m^3/day$. After construction of seawater exchange breakwater, Zone 1 and Zone 2 of stagnant water inside the port were found to be a lot improved. Zone 3, adjacent to outport area, was found to be lower comparing with Zone 1 and Zone 2. The results of statistical analysis show that comparing with water quality improvement effect before and after seawater exchange, water quality after installation of seawater exchange breakwater became much better, primarily because of physical change around the harbour.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2010

Incheon Free Economic Zone's Songdo Area is a newly constructed city built on land reclaimed from the seaside and the surrounding area. Yeongjong Area is made after Land reclamation between Yeongjong Island and Yongyou Island began in November 1992. The first phase linking these islands to create the Incheon International Airport (phase 1) and the Airport Town Square community was finished in March 2001. However, if we take a look at the overall status of the project as it is carried on at present, it is hard to deny that the project is trapped inside the same legal restrictions as are all other existing cities, which permits Songdo Area and Yeongjong Area to meet only very minimum standards. This study intends to analyze and assess the Incheon Free Economic Zone's Songdo Area and Yeongjong Area of environmentally friendly construction and to rate its current development status, exposing any problems and offering alternative solutions. In this paper, the current state of constructions in Songdo Area and Yeongjong Area were reviewed. Then a quantitative analysis and assessment for the Songdo Area and Yeongjong Area constructions of apartments, complex buildings, office buildings, school facilities, store and hotel facilities were conducted by using green building certification criteria. Finally the synthetic results of environmental performance evaluation for Incheon Free Economic Zone's Songdo Area and Yeongjong Area constructions and follow-up suggestions were described.

• 지역연구
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.7-23
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• 2019

스마트도시는 공간적 범위를 도시권 및 지역 단위로 확장해 가고 있다. 최근 추진되고 있는 국경을 초월한 지역경제권 발전전략과 스마트도시 계획을 연계하면 국가 간 협력과 경제적 발전방안을 꾀할 수 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 한국-북한-중국을 잇는 환황해권 스마트리전을 통해 한국-북한-중국 3국의 협력 및 지역적 발전방안을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 지금까지 한국과 중국의 스마트도시 전략과 함께 스마트리전의 공간적 기반이 될 수 있는 3국의 대규모 경제특구 개발계획과 추진현황을 분석하였다. 황해에 접하고 있는 한국의 서해안에는 새만금, 황해경제자유구역, 인천경제자유구역 등에서 스마트도시 관련 계획 및 사업이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 북한은 아직 정치적인 상황이 불확실하지만 해주와 남포, 신의주를 연결하는 서해안 지역에 경제적, 기술적 잠재력이 확보되고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 중국의 요녕성과 산동성의 경우, 산업이 발달한 대도시들을 중심으로 스마트도시 사업과 이들을 연계한 경제벨트화 전략이 활발히 추진되고 있다. 한국과 중국의 경제적 협력의 복원 및 교통망의 연계, 단동과 신의주를 중심으로 한 중국과 북한의 초국경 협력사업의 활성화 그리고 중국과 한국의 경제협력 과정에 스마트도시 인프라와 서비스가 적절히 제공된다면 황해를 중심으로 국경을 초월한 지역적 발전을 선도할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 다만, 이를 위하여 장기적인 계획과 초국가적 협의 및 추진기구의 설립을 통한 거버넌스 체계 구축 및 운영이 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.117-128
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• 2003

본 연구는 춘천시를 대상으로 수치표고모델, 토지이용 데이터 및 토지피복분류 데이터를 구축하고 이를 이용한 토지이용 CG(computer graphics)화상과 토지피복 CG화상의 작성과 가시권분석을 통해 광역적 도시경관의 특성을 파악하였다. 토지피복분석의 결과, 1989년에서 2000년까지 시가지는 $7.7km^2$ 증가하였으며, 녹지는 $12.7km^2$가 감소하였다. 용도지역상 시가지, 개발제한구역, 녹지지역 등에서 녹지의 감소와 시가지의 증가가 나타났다. 춘천시의 도시경관은 3개의 유형으로 대분할 수 있었다. 유형1은 개발제한구역을 중심으로 형성된 경관, 유형2는 자연녹지, 생산녹지 등의 녹지를 중심으로 한 경관, 그리고 유형3은 시가지와 수역을 중심으로 한 경관특성을 가지고 있었다. 토지피복 CG화상은 모든 유형에서 녹지의 감소와 시가지의 증가가 나타났다. 가시권 분석의 결과, 경관적 중요도가 높은 영역에서도 녹지감소의 경향이 동일하게 나타나 이 영역에서 녹지경관의 보전 및 관리가 요구되었다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.7-19
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• 2016

Shenyang was one of the representative transportation hub of Northeast China during the modern period. The formation and development of the railway network gave great influence on Shenyang's city development. In order to understand the relationship between railway and city development, first, we classified Shenyang's city development period by the railway network's formation and expansion process. Then, we analyzed the relationship between railway and city space by five categories. The results of this study are as follows. First, before railway was constructed, Shenyang was a castle city, which also was the economic center of Northeast China. This was the main reason Shenyang was chosen as a railway zone. During the modern period, the castle structure became an obstacle to city transportation and environment, therefore, it was disposed. During the period of railways' expansion, South Manchuria, Jingfeng and Shenhai railway line was constructed in Shenyang. Since each line had different operation organizations, city sites along the railways were planned separately. However, these operation organizations had one common purpose, which was to use railway as an accelerator for economic development. During the period of railway's military usage, railway was reorganized as military supply transport for the Japanese, which also was used as a tool for the expansion of colonialism. Second, after Shenyang's city space was reconstructed along the railway, it created a close connection with city structure, city facilities, landscape and city transportation system. Hence, the railway system played a key role in modern city planning.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.135-146
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• 2014

The improvement of adaptation capability against heat island (ACHI) by greening buildings is considered as an important measure to cope with a climate change. This study aimed to select the most appropriate zones for green roof initiative in case study sites, Bucheon, Anyang, and Suwon Cities and to investigate the characteristics of buildings for greening to improve ACHI. Relative ACHI for each lot was estimated from 0 to -9, assuming that it decreases with the distance from green space and waterbody. Low adaptation capabilities were mostly shown in the old urban blocks with dense low-rise buildings and lack of green space. Three blocks with the lowest ACHIs were chosen as a green roof initiative zone in each city. They are largely residential areas including low-rise buildings such as single, multi-household houses, townhouses, 5 or lower story apartments and few are industrial areas crowded with small factory buildings. The areas of building roof available for greening are 8.8% within the selected zones in Bucheon City, 5.3% in Anyang City, and 4.9% in Suwon City. As it were, 25.2~41.7% of the roof top areas are available for greening in these zones. It means that roof top areas of $25,000{\sim}120,000m^2$ can be used for greening within the selected zones of $0.64{\sim}1.65km^2$ to improve ACHI. The approach and results of the study are significant to provide a logical basis and information on location, scale, effect, and target figure of greening as a measure to cope with climate change.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.381-407
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• 2018

This paper presents a hybrid numerical approach, which combines a two-phase Navier-Stokes model (NS) and the fully nonlinear potential theory (FNPT), for modelling wave-structure interaction. The former governs the computational domain near the structure, where the viscous and turbulent effects are significant, and is solved by OpenFOAM/InterDyMFoam which utilising the finite volume method (FVM) with a Volume of Fluid (VOF) for the phase identification. The latter covers the rest of the domain, where the fluid may be considered as incompressible, inviscid and irrotational, and solved by using the Quasi Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian finite element method (QALE-FEM). These two models are weakly coupled using a zonal (spatially hierarchical) approach. Considering the inconsistence of the solutions at the boundaries between two different sub-domains governed by two fundamentally different models, a relaxation (transitional) zone is introduced, where the velocity, pressure and surface elevations are taken as the weighted summation of the solutions by two models. In order to tackle the challenges associated and maximise the computational efficiency, further developments of the QALE-FEM have been made. These include the derivation of an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian FNPT and application of a robust gradient calculation scheme for estimating the velocity. The present hybrid model is applied to the numerical simulation of a fixed horizontal cylinder subjected to a unidirectional wave with or without following current. The convergence property, the optimisation of the relaxation zone, the accuracy and the computational efficiency are discussed. Although the idea of the weakly coupling using the zonal approach is not new, the present hybrid model is the first one to couple the QALE-FEM with OpenFOAM solver and/or to be applied to numerical simulate the wave-structure interaction with presence of current.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume II
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• pp.728-731
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• 2006

Ground subsidence near abandoned underground coal mines has become a serious social problem in Korea. The purpose of this study is to perform a comparative analysis between the ground subsidence area and the electrical resistivity measured by field survey at Samcheok City. A raster database composed of ground subsidence areas and electrical resistivity data was constructed for GIS. To analyze correlation between the two constructed raster datasets, we used a frequency ratio model. The results show that low and high electrical resistivity anomaly zones coincide with the existing subsidence areas. We infer that the high anomaly zone means saturated and low anomaly zone means vacant. It suggests that electrical resistivity might be a useful factor for analyzing ground subsidence hazard zone.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.74-81
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• 2004

In this study, static end loading tests with load transfer measurement were accomplished for large diameter drilled shaft constructed in fault zone. Yield pile capacity (or ultimate pile capacity) from load-settlement curve was determined and axial load transfer behavior was measurd. The end bearing capacity was increased 2 times due to grouting the toe ground under pile base.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.69-77
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• 1984

Air pollution has been one of the severe problems in city area. Sulfur dioxide is the major pollutant among the air pollutants. And the lichen as a botanical indicator have been used to predict the air pollution level. This study was carried out to evaluate the air pollution level in Taejon area through the field survey which were checked lichen status and sulfur dioxide content in the atmosphere. The results were as follows 1. The average sulfur dioxide content in Taejon area was 0.031ppm. The comparison of measurement methods were regression equation, Y= 0.357$\times$+0.014 and correlation factor, r = 0.771. 2. The maximum point of the SO$_2$ level was site No. 2(Daehwa-Dong), 0.087 ppm and the minimum, site No. 8 (Doma 2-Dong), 0.009ppm. 3. Total amounts of sulfur dioxide yearly emitted from Taejon area by fuel consumption estimated 29829.6 tons. 4. The relationship between degree of lichen and sulfur dioxide contents were 0.000~0.020ppm : Zone No. 2 0.020~0.060ppm : Zone No. 1 over 0.060ppm : Zone No. 0