• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.191-193
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• 2021

Lactococcus lactis is a fermentative lactic acid bacterium that is used extensively in food fermentations. The L. lactis strain K_LL005 was isolated from the grasshopper (Oxya chinensis sinuosa) gut in Korea. In this study, we reported the complete genome sequence of Lactococcus lactis K_LL005. The final complete genome assembly consist of one circular chromosome (2,375,093 bp) with an overall guanine + cytosine (G + C) content of 35.0%. Annotation results revealed 2,281 protein-coding sequences (CDSs), 19 rRNAs, and 68 tRNA genes. Lactococcus lactis K_LL005 has a gene encoding xylose metabolism such as xylR, xylA, and xylB (xylRAB).

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.289-298
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• 2023

Complex diseases including cardiovascular disease are caused by a combination of the alternation of many genes and the influence of environments. Recently, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to be involved in diverse diseases, and the functions of various ncRNAs have been reported. Many researchers have elucidated the mechanisms of action of these ncRNAs at the cellular level prior to in vivo and clinical studies of the diseases. Due to the characteristics of complex diseases involving intercellular crosstalk, it is important to study communication between multiple cells. However, there is a lack of literature summarizing and discussing studies of ncRNAs involved in intercellular crosstalk in cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this review summarizes recent discoveries in the functional mechanisms of intercellular crosstalk involving ncRNAs, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs. In addition, the pathophysiological role of ncRNAs in this communication is extensively discussed in various cardiovascular diseases.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제66권2호
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• pp.438-441
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• 2024

The Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) strain AK_C_05 was isolated from cheonggukjang, the Korean traditional food, collected from a local market in South Korea. In this report, we presented the complete genome sequence of E. faecium strain AK_C_05. The genome of E. faecium strain AK_C_05 genome consisted of one circular chromosome (2,691,319 bp) with a guanine + cytosine (GC) content of 38.3% and one circular plasmid (177,732 bp) with a GC content of 35.48%. The Annotation results revealed 2,827 protein-coding sequences (CDSs), 18 rRNAs, and 68 tRNA genes. It possesses genes, which encodes enzymes such as alpha-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.22), beta-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21) and alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase (EC 3.2.1.55) enabling efficient utilization of carbohydrates. Based on Clusters of Orthologous Groups analysis, E. faecium strain AK_C_05 showed specialization in carbohydrate transport and metabolism indicating the ability to generate energy using a variety of carbohydrates.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.69-73
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• 2019

향장원료 개선을 위한 미생물 탐색 실험을 통하여 Marinobacter salarius HL2708#2을 제주도의 용암 해수 환경에서 분리하였다. 균주 HL278#2의 완전한 게놈 서열을 분석하였으며, 원형 염색체는 4,304,603 bp이고 57.21% G+C이고 플라스미드는 244,163 bp이고 53.14% G+C였다. 4,180개의 단백질 코딩서열이 과 49개의 tRNA와 18개의 rRNA 유전자와 함께 확인되었다. 균주 HL2708# 2의 게놈은 알콜, 말토덱스트린/전분 및 단당류 대사 유전자를 보유하고 있었다. 호염성 및 중금속 저항성을 담당하는 유전자와 방향족 및 알칸 계열 탄화수소를 대사하는 유전자를 가지고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. Marinobacter salarius가 질산염 및 아질산염 환원능력이 없다고 알려져 있는 것과 달리, HL2708#2 균주는 질산염/아질산염 환원 효소, 질산염/질산염 운반체 및 질산염 모노 옥시게나제를 가지고 있는 것으로 보아 세포 체외의 니트로알켄을 활용할 수 있는 능력을 가진 것으로 사료된다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.649-655
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• 2007

The nsp14 protein is an exoribonuclease that is encoded by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). We have cloned and expressed the nsp14 protein in Escherichia coli, and characterized the nature and the role(s) of the metal ions in the reaction chemistry. The purified recombinant nsp14 protein digested a 5'-labeled RNA molecule, but failed to digest the RNA substrate that is modified with fluorescein group at the 3'-hydroxyl group, suggesting a 3'-to-5' exoribonuclease activity. The exoribonuclease activity requires $Mg^{2+}$ as a cofactor. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) analysis indicated a two-metal binding mode for divalent cations by nsp14. Endogenous tryptophan fluorescence and circular dichroism (CD) spectra measurements showed that there was a structural change of nsp14 when binding with metal ions. We propose that the conformational change induced by metal ions may be a prerequisite for catalytic activity by correctly positioning the side chains of the residues located in the active site of the enzyme.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.803-807
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• 2016

Toxascaris leonina is a common parasitic nematode of wild mammals and has significant impacts on the protection of rare wild animals. To analyze population genetic characteristics of T. leonina from South China tiger, its mitochondrial (mt) genome was sequenced. Its complete circular mt genome was 14,277 bp in length, including 12 proteincoding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 2 non-coding regions. The nucleotide composition was biased toward A and T. The most common start codon and stop codon were TTG and TAG, and 4 genes ended with an incomplete stop codon. There were 13 intergenic regions ranging 1 to 10 bp in size. Phylogenetically, T. leonina from a South China tiger was close to canine T. leonina. This study reports for the first time a complete mt genome sequence of T. leonina from the South China tiger, and provides a scientific basis for studying the genetic diversity of nematodes between different hosts.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.1983-1993
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• 2017

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, one of the most common foodborne pathogens, is transmitted mainly through contaminated food derived from infected animals. In this study, S. Typhimurium ST1120, an isolate from pig feces in Korea, was subjected to whole-genome analysis to understand its genomic features associated with virulence. The genome of ST1120 was found to have a circular chromosome of 4,855,001 bp (GC content 52.2%) and a plasmid of 6,863 bp (GC content 46.0%). This chromosome was predicted to have 4,558 open reading frames (ORFs), 17 pseudogenes, 22 rRNA genes, and 86 tRNA genes. Its plasmid was predicted to have three ORFs. Comparative genome analysis revealed that ST1120 was phylogenetically close to S. Typhimurium U288, a critical isolate in piggery farms and food chains in Europe. In silico functional analysis predicted that the ST1120 genome harbored multiple genes associated with virulence and stress resistance, including Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPIs containing SPI-1 to SPI-5, SPI-13, and SPI-14), C63PI locus, ST104 prophage locus, and various antibiotic resistance genes. In accordance with these analysis results, ST1120 showed competence in invasion and survival abilities when it was added to host cells. It also exhibited robust resistance against antibiotics in comparison with other S. Typhimurium strains. This is the first report of the complete genome sequence of S. Typhimurium isolated from swine in Korea. Comparative genome analysis between ST1120 and other Salmonella strains would provide fruitful information toward understanding Salmonella host specificity and developing control measures against S. Typhimurium infection.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.987-996
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• 2018

Bacterial programmed cell death is regulated by the toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. YhaV (toxin) and Pr1F (antitoxin) have been recently identified as a type II TA system in Escherichia coli. YhaV homologs have conserved active residues within the C-terminus, and to characterize the function of this region, we purified native YhaV protein (without denaturing) and constructed YhaV proteins of varying lengths. Here, we report a new low-temperature method of purifying native YhaV, which is notable given the existing challenges of purifying this highly toxic protein. The secondary structures and thermostability of the purified native protein were characterized and no significant structural destruction was observed, suggesting that the observed inhibition of cell growth in vivo was not the result of structural protein damage. However, it has been reported that excessive levels of protein expression may result in protein misfolding and changes in cell growth and mRNA stability. To exclude this possibility, we used an [$^{35}S$]-methionine prokaryotic cell-free protein synthesis system in vitro in the presence of purified YhaV, and two C-terminal truncated forms of this protein (YhaV-L and YhaV-S). Our results suggest that the YhaV C-terminal region is essential for mRNA interferase activity, and the W143 or H154 residues may play an analogous role to Y87 of RelE.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.161-163
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• 2018

대한민국 남해에서 채집한 해조류 감태(Ecklonia cava)로부터 분리한 Flavivirga eckloniae $ECD14^T$ 균주의 유전체서열을 분석하였다. 균주 $ECD14^T$의 유전체는 G + C 비율이 33.9%이며, 4,647개의 유전자와 4,595개의 단백질 코딩 유전자, 44개의 위유전자, 52개의 RNA 유전자를 포함한 단일 원형 염색체로 구성되었으며 그 크기는 2,371,912 bp였다. 파아지와 트랜스포존 유전자가 존재하며, CISPR array 관련 유전자 및 서열은 발견되지 않았다. 균주 $ECD14^T$는 해조 다당의 분해에 관여하는 alginate lyase와 ${\beta}$-glucosidase 유전자를 가지고 있었다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.87-89
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• 2018

Flavisolibacter tropicus $LCS9^T$은 한국 중서부에 위치한 서천 국립생태원 에코리움 내 열대관 토양에서 분리되었다. 이 연구에서 G + C 함량이 41.5%인 5,940,863 bp 의 원형 염색체로 구성된 Flavisolibacter tropicus $LCS9^T$ 의 완전한 게놈서열을 분석하였다. 이 완전한 게놈서열은 5,075 개의 유전자, 337개의 위유전자 그리고 59 개의 rRNA 유전자를 포함하고 있다. 유전체 특징은 감마선 및 UVC 에 대응하는 주요 효소를 포함하였다.