• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.143-152
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• 2010

Herbicidal characterisitcs of natural product chrysophanic acid were investigated in a greenhouse condition. At early- and middle-stage post-emergence treatments, several grasses and broadleaf weeds appeared to be very susceptible to chrysophanic acid. However, any significant herbicidal activity treated by pre-emergence did not occur at concentration ranges from 31.3 to 1,000 ug $mL^{-1}$. Herbicidal activity of chrysophanic acid estimated by visual injury for large crabgrass was much higher when applied at 7 to 14 days after seeding than at 21 and 28 days after seeding. By post-emergence treatment, chrysophanic acid caused very considerable phytotoxicity on several grasses and broadleaf crops. In herbicidal interaction experiments determined by Colby's method, the effect of chrysophanic acid and caryophyllene oxide tank-mixture showed very high synergistic activity. Although chrysophanic acid did not give any pre-emergence effect, herbicidal spectrum tended to be very wide and strong when treated by post-emergence. These results suggest that chrysophanic acid possesses a possible potential to develop as a natural herbicide.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.429-436
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• 2010

Herbicidal activity and characteristics of chrysophanic acid were investigated in semi-field condition. At early and middle post-emergence, Trifolium repens appeared to be very susceptible to chrysophanic acid of $2,000{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$. However, herbicidal activity of chrysophanic acid of $2,000{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ estimated by visual injury to Artemisia princeps was not caused considerable phytotoxicity. Also by foliar application, the concentration of crysophanic acid for effectively control to Polygonum aviculare was much higher than $2,000{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$. Herbicidal activity of chrysophanic acid to Echinochloa crus-galli, Cypres difformis, Setaria viridis, Digitaria sangguinalis, Bidens tripartita by foliar application was more effective at concentration ranges from 4,000 to $6,000{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$. These results suggest that chrysophanic acid demanded for higher than $2,000{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ to successful weed control in the field condition.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.112-117
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• 2011

A series of experiments was conducted to investigate the herbicidal activity of natural compound chrysophanic acid under the greenhouse condition in 16 weed species. Chrysophanic acid showed non-selective herbicidal activity. While chrysophanic acid exhibited severe injury by foliar treatment, little or no injury was found by the soil treatment. Among the tested weeds, the most effective activity was found in grass and broad leaf weeds, a lower significant difference in herbicidal activity was found in sedge. At early post-emergence, weeds appeared to be very susceptible to chrysophanic acid with $2,000{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$. The higher the natural compound concentrations, the lower weed growth. At middle post-emergence, weeds appeared to be very effective to chrysophanic acid with $30,000{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.282-288
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• 1995

The sutdies were carried out to evaluate the consituents in the rihzomes of the cultivated Korean Rhubarb (Polygonaceae). From the acetone fraction ofl methanol extract Compound I (1, 8-dihydroxy-3-methyl anthraquinone, chrysophanic acid), Compound II($chrysophanol-8-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$), Compound III ($emodin-8-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$) and Compound IV ($aloe-emodin-8-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$), and from the ether fraction Compound V(1, 8-dihydorxy-3-emthyl-6-methoxy anthraquinone, physcion) and Compound VI (1, 6, 8-thitydroxy-3-emthyl anthrauinone, emodin), and also from the n-buthanol fraction Compound VII ($rhapontigenin-3-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside, rhaponticin$) and Compound VIII ($piceatannol-3'-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$), were isolated and identified on the basis of their physico-chemical and spectroscopic evidences (UV, IR, H-NMR, C-NMR, EI-MS), respectively.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.473-479
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• 2015

Background : To control ginseng gray mold, farmers have mainly used inorganic chemical based fungicides. The recent emergence of fungicide resistance has reduced the effectiveness of such control methods. Such pesticides also carry additional problems, such as diffuse pollution. Methods and Results : Six treatments of organic agricultural materials were tested for control of ginseng gray mold, CAPW (Chrysophanic acid + Phytoncide + Wood vinegar), EmEWV (Emodin + Ethanol + Wood vinegar), CEWV (Curcumin + Eugenol + Wood vinegar), Bacillus subtilis, soybean oil and sulfur. The control effect for gray mold by a single application of the agrochemical fungicide industrial Fenhexamid wettable powder (WP) was 84.4%. The control effect by CAPW, EmEWV and CEWV varied between 52.7 - 64.9%. The control effect by B. subtilis, soybean oil, and sulfur were 32.9 - 59.2%. Conclusions : In the field tests, CAPW showed the highest control effects when used before, and at first stage of disease incidence, against ginseng gray mold.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.248-257
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• 2003

The objective of this experiment was to search plant species with herbicidal activity in Korea. Two hundred native plants were collected and their methanol extracts were obtained. Herbicidal activity of methanol extracts were determined by seed bioassay using canola (Brassica napus L.) seedlings. Six plants such as Staphylea bumalda, Wistaria floribunda, Allium victorialis, Rumex crispus, Chionanthus retusa, and Ulmus parvifolia were highly herbicidal: their $GR_{50}$ values were < $1,000{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$. In addition, seventeen plants such as Galium spurium, Zelkova serrata, Campsis grandiflora, Eucommia ulmoides, Sorbus commixta, Deutzia glabrata, Cercis chinensis, Alnus hirsuta, Zanthoxylum schinifolium, Quercus acutissima, Robinia pseudoacacia, Gleditsia japonica, Kerria japonica, Ligustrum obtusifolium, Thuja orientalis, Chamaecyparis obtusa, and Pulsatilla koreana showed herbicidal activity: their $GR_{50}$ values were between 1,000 and $2,000{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$. However, 177 plants showed no herbicidal activity. Plants with herbicidal activity found in this study could be used for weed management and herbicidal compounds in such herbicidal plants could be used as lead compounds in the development of new herbicides.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.112-112
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• 2022

외래잡초인 애기수영(Rumex acetosella)는 생태계 교란종으로 생물다양성을 감소시키고, 우리나라 목초지에 우점하고 있어 큰 문제를 야기한다. 애기수영의 경우, 살초효과 및 제초활성물질인 chrysophanic acid와 catechd이 밝혀져 있지만, 톨페스큐(Festuca arundinacea)에 대한 살초 효과 연구는 미비하다. 이에 본 연구는 톨페스큐 종자에 대해 애기수영 MeOH 추출물을 처리한 Seed bioassay를 진행해 IC₅₀ 값을 구하고, 톨페스큐에 애기수영 MeOH 추출물을 경엽처리를 진행한 후 생육조사를 진행했다. Seed bioassay의 경우, petri dish 위에 톨페스큐 종자 20개가 치상하고, 애기수영 지상부 추출물과 지하부 추출물을 각각 20,000 mg L^-1, 10,000 mg L^-1, 5,000 mg L^-1, 2,500 mg L^-1 농도로 serial dilution 하여 1mL씩 분주한 뒤, 일주일 뒤에 발아한 종자에 대해 생체중을 조사하고 Prizm 프로그램을 이용해 IC₅₀을 구하였다. 경엽처리의 경우, 톨페스큐 종자 파종4주 뒤에 IC₅₀값이 더 낮았던 지상부 추출물을 100,000 mg L^-1, 50,000 mg L^-1, 25,000 mg L^-1, 12,500 mg L^-1, 6,250 mg L^-1 농도로 serial dilution 한 뒤 5mL씩 일주일 간격으로 3회 경엽처리를 진행하였고, 마지막 처리 일주일 뒤 초장, 근장, 생체중, 건물중을 조사하였다. Seed bioassay 결과, 애기수영 지하부 추출물에 대한 톨페스큐의 IC₅₀값은 3274가 나왔고, 애기수영 지상부 추출물에 대한 톨페스큐의 IC₅₀값은 2728가 나왔다. Seed bioassay 결과를 바탕으로 효과적 이 었던 지상부 추출물을 이용해 톨페스큐 경엽처리를 진행하였다. 애기수영 지상부 추출물 경엽처리 결과, 톨페스큐 초장과 생체중이 추출물 처리량이 높아짐에 따라 낮아졌으며, 100,000 mg L^-1 처리구는 Control과 비교해 유의적으로 감소하였고, 처리량이 높아짐에 따라 근장이 감소했지만, 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 그리고 건물중은 100,000 mg L^-1 처리구가 Control, 12,500 mg L^-1, 6,250 mg L^-1 처리구와 비교해 유의적으로 낮았다.