• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.229-231
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• 2012

Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic parasite resulting in human infections and one of the infectious pathogens leading to uveitis and retinochoroiditis. The present study was performed to assess T. gondii infection in 20 ocular patients with chronic irregular recurrent uveitis (20 aqueous humor and 20 peripheral blood samples) using PCR. All samples were analyzed by nested PCR targeting a specific B1 gene of T. gondii. The PCR-positive rate was 25% (5/20), including 5% (1) in blood samples, 25% (5) in aqueous humor samples, and 5% (1) in both sample types. A molecular screening test for T. gondii infection in ocular patients with common clinical findings of an unclear retinal margin and an inflammatory membrane over the retina, as seen by fundus examination, may be helpful for early diagnosis and treatment.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.237-245
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• 2018

Toxoplasma gondii can infect all the vertebrates including human, and leads to serious toxoplasmosis and considerable veterinary problems. T. gondii heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) is associated with the activation of antigen presenting cells by inducing initial immune responses and releasing inflammatory cytokines. It might be a potential DNA vaccine candidate for this parasite. A pVAX-HSP60 DNA vaccine was constructed and immune responses was evaluated in Kunming mice in this study. Our data indicated that the innate and adaptive immune responses was elicited by successive immunizations with pVAX-HSP60 DNA, showing apparent increases of CD3e+CD4+ and CD3e+CD8a+ T cells in spleen tissues of the HSP60 DNA-immunized mice ($24.70{\pm}1.23%$ and $10.90{\pm}0.89%$, P<0.05) and higher levels of specific antibodies in sera. Furthermore, the survival period of the immunized mice ($10.53{\pm}4.78day$) were significantly prolonged during the acute T. gondii infection. Decrease of brain cysts was significant in the experimental group during the chronic infection (P<0.01). Taken together, TgHSP60 DNA can be as a vaccine candidate to prevent the acute and chronic T. gondii infections.

• Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2023

Purpose: Around 70% of the Iranian population had received two doses of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines by the end of 2021. In this study, we evaluated the reasons for vaccination refusal among people in Ahvaz, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 800 participants (400 vaccinated and 400 unvaccinated) were recruited. A demographic questionnaire was completed through interviews. The unvaccinated participants were asked about the reasons for their refusal. The Shapiro-Wilk test, independent t-test, chi-square test, and logistic regression were used for analyzing data. Results: Older people were 1.018 times more likely to refrain from vaccination (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.001-1.039; p=043). People who were manual workers as well as those who were unemployed/housewives were 0.288 and 0.423 times less likely to receive vaccination, respectively. Those with high school education and married women were 0.319 and 0.280 times less likely to receive vaccination, respectively (95% CI, 198-0.515; p<0.001; 95% CI, 0.186-0.422; p<0.001). Participants who had hypertension or suffered from neurological disorders were more likely to receive the vaccination. Finally, people affected with severe COVID-19 infection were 3.157 times more likely to get vaccinated (95% CI, 1.672-5.961; p<0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that lower level of education and older age were contributed to reluctance for vaccination, while having chronic diseases or being already infected with severe COVID-19 infection were associated with more acceptance of vaccination.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.275-281
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• 2005

저자들은 생체신장이식을 받은 후 발열과 빈혈을 주소로 내원한 2명의 환아에서 혈청 PCR을 통해 PV B19 감염을 진단한 후 면역글로불린 정맥투여로 싱공적으로 치료하고 재발 없이 관찰중인 2례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.110-122
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• 1987

간흡충(Clonorchis sinensis)에 감염된 토끼에 프라지관텔을 $50{\;}mg/kg{\times}2회{\times}2일의$ 용법으로 투여하여 12주 후까지 간의 조직병리학적인 소견을 관찰한 바 아래의 결론을 얻었다. 감염 2주까지 관찰된 간내 담관 상피층의 미약한 증식, 담도주위 염증과 부종 등은 치료 4주 후에 모두 소실되어 이 때 까지의 변화는 가역적인 것으로 판단된다. 그러나 감염 4주 이후에는 치료 후 1주에 이미 상당히 정도가 약해 졌으나 12주까지도 담관과 담관상피층의 증식이 많이 완화된 수준으로 계속 관찰되었고 담관주위 섬유화도 지속되었다. 이러한 잔존 병변은 감염 후 경과한 기간이 길수록 정도가 심하였다. 간흡충증이 감염 초기가 아니면 치료 후에도 간에 형성된 병변이 잔존하는 것으로 미루어, 감염자의 감염 후 2~4주 이내의 조기치료가 중요하다고 판단된다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.90-99
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• 1998

목 적: 혈청 B형 간염 바이러스 표면 항원(HBsAg)이 양성인 만성 보유자 35명에서 혈청 Th1계 싸이토카인(IL-2, TNF-${\alpha}$ 및 IFN-${\gamma}$)과 Th2계 싸이토카인(IL-4와 IL-10)을 측정하여 만성 B형 간염 바이러스 감염 환자의 병태에 따른 싸이토카인의 변화를 구명하고자 하였다. 방 법: 대조군은 항 HBs 항체 양성인 정상 소아 7명이었고 환자군 35례중 HBeAg 양성군은 20례, 항 HBe 항체 양성군은 15례이었으며 간 조직검사를 시행한 19례중 만성 지속성 간염은 10례, 만성활동성 간염은 9례이었다. 말초 정맥혈로부터 혈청을 분리하여 aminotransferase, B형 간염 바이러스 표지자 검사 및 ELISA로 싸이토카인(IL-2, TNF-${\alpha}$, IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-4 및 IL-10)을 측정하였다. 결 과: 1) HBe 항원 양성인 환자에서 항 HBe 항체 양성인 환자에 비해 그리고 만성 활동성 간염 환자에서 지속성 간염 환자에 비해 의의 있게 혈청 AST와 ALT치가 높았다. 2) HBe 항원 양성인 환자에서 항 HBe 항체 양성인 환자에 비해 IL-10이 의의 있게 높았다. 3) 만성 활동성 간염 환자에서 지속성 환자에 비해 통계학적인 의의는 없었으나 측정한 모든 싸이토카인이 높은 경향을 보였다. 4) 혈청 아미노전이 효소치가 100 U/L 이상인 환자에서 IL-2, TNF-${\alpha}$, IFN-${\gamma}$ 및 IL-10이 높은 경향을 보였고 혈청 아미노전이 효소치가 정상인 환자에서 효소치가 높은 환자에 비해 IL-4가 높은 경향을 보였다. 결 론: Th2계 싸이토카인인 IL-10의 증가는 간염의 활성도보다는 HBe 항원의 지속성과 관련이 있고 Th1계의 싸이토카인인 IL-2, TNF-${\alpha}$ 및 IFN-${\gamma}$는 간염의 활성도 증가와 관련이 있음을 시사하였다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2009

목 적: H. pylori는 만성 위염의 중요한 원인균으로서 이에 대한 많은 연구가 진행되었지만 이와 관련된 기능성 소화불량과의 관계나 위 운동에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구는 특히 소아에서 많지 않다. 이에 본 연구자들은 소아 및 청소년의 기능성 소화불량 환자에서 H. pylori 감염이 위전도 검사 결과에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 하였다. 방 법: 2006년 8월부터 2008년 12월까지 복통을 주소로 가천의대 길병원과 인하대병원 소아청소년과에 소화불량을 주소로 내원한 소아 및 청소년 중 상부 위장관 내시경 검사와 함께 조직검사 혹은 요소호기 검사를 시행한 환아 중 기능성 소화불량 환자를 대상으로 위전도 검사를 시행하였다. 이 중 조직검사를 통해 만성 위염이 확인되고 만성 질환자를 제외한 63예를 대상으로 H. pylori 양성군과 음성군으로 나누어 위전도 검사 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 결 과: H. pylori 양성군은 25명(40%)이었으며 음성군은 38명(60%)이었다. H. pylori 양성군에서 음성군보다 식, 전후 정상리듬의 비율이 비교적 낮았다(80% vs. 65%, 80% vs. 68%). 또한 주 힘은 식후 검사상 H. pylori 양성군에서 유의하게 낮았으며(8.18${\pm}$22.36 dB, 32.20${\pm}$24.18 dB, p<0.01), 식후 주 힘의 변화(${\delta}P$)도 유의하게 적었다(-1.28${\pm}$6.18 vs. +4.62${\pm}$5.93, p<0.01). 그러나 다른 변수들은 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결 론: H. pylori 감염은 위의 운동에 영향을 미치는 것으로 생각되며, 따라서 H. pylori 감염과 함께 위 운동 이상이 있을 경우 H. pylori 감염률이 낮은 지역에서는 H. pylori 제균 치료를 고려할 수도 있을 것으로 생각한다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.606-611
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• 2006

Purpose: Animal models of a chronic wound are yet to be fully developed, and animal studies on this subject has yet to take place. The purpose of this study is to create the foundation for research on chronic wound healing based on a swine model, the most similar to that of a human. Methods: Three female 2-3 month old 'yolkshires' were used. Total of eight full thickness skin defects, $6{\times}3cm$ sized, were created on the back of each pigs. Three groups were created for comparison; Group I (n=4) was left as they were after full skin thickness excision, while the excised tissues of Group II (n=3) were turned inside out and sutured so that the epidermis would come in contact with the fascia. Group III (n=3) were excised full skin thickness in depth and silicone blocks were implanted in them. Dressing was not practised so that the wounds would be vulnerable to infection. Results: In Group III, the skin contraction rate was the least among the three groups for each three weeks of observation respectively. Also during the three weeks, bacteral colonization was at the highest among the comparison. On the third week, inflammatory cells were still active, but the generations of epidermis and collagen synthesis were detected minimally. Conclusion: The Group III was relatively the most similar model of chronic wounds. and modification of the silicone blocks, could provide us with a very effective chronic skin wound model similar to human.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.67-71
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• 2008

Purpose: Orbital floor fracture has open wound to maxillary sinus and if the patient has chronic maxillary sinusitis, it may be have more risk of infection, complications. The purpose of this comparative study is to be the effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in orbital floor fracture with chronic maxillary sinusitis. Methods: We studied 20 patients who diagnosed as orbital floor fracture with chronic maxillary sinusitis from march, 2005 to may, 2006. Among them 16 were male, 4 were female and age was ranged from 15 to 68, average was 42. A day before operation, Prophylactic antibiotics were used to 10 patients. Prophylactic antibiotics were not used to 10 patients. We defined control group as prophylactic antibiotics injection group a day before operation. After surgery, we confined use of same antibiotic for 7 days in both group. After 6 month from surgery, we compare the degree of enophthalmos from healthy side to legion side with hertel exopthalmometry(Inami, Japan) in control group and non-prophylactic antibiotics injection group. Results: In control group, comparison of discrepancy between enophthalmic eyeball and normal eyeball with Hertel exophthalmometer was 1.1 mm and non-prophylactic antibiotics injection group was 2.1 mm. In independent sample t-test, control group was showed statistically significant difference with non-prophylactic antibiotics injection group(p=0.007). Conclusions: In orbital floor fracture with chronic maxillary sinusitis, bacteria in maxillary sinus can increase post-operative complication by infecting infraorbital soft tissue, and it is thought to be antibiotic prophylaxis is play a role in decrease in degree of enophthalmos. We feel the need to further study of prophylactic antibiotics in orbital floor fracture with chronic maxillary sinusitis.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.255-268
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• 2004

The purpose of the research is to compare the distribution of Black-pigmented Bacteroides between Chronic Periodontitis and Aggressive Periodontitis. P. gingivalis, P. intermedia and P. nigrescens were examined in order to evaluate their distribution in patients with Chronic Periodontitis(CP) and Aggressive Periodontitis(AP). PCR and dot-blots hybridization of 16s rRNA gene were used to compare bacterial distribution of two groups - CP group and AP group, which were divided into two subgroups. Subgingival plaque taken from the diseased sites(pocket $depth{\geq}6$ mm) and healthy sites(pocket $depth{\leq}3$ mm) were grouped into the experimental group and the control group. The result are as follows ; 1. The distribution of P. gingivalis was 98.33% for chronic Periodotitis(CP), 94.17% for Aggressive Periodontitis(AP), the distribution of P. intermedia was 77.50% for CP, 64.17% for AP, and the distribution of P. nigrescens was 35.00%, 29.17%. In all 3 types of bacteria, CP group showed higher distribution compared to AP group, but only P. intermedia showed statistically significant difference. 2. In the case of CP, every type of bacteria showed higher distribution in the experimental group with statistically significant difference. 3. In the case of AP, every type of bacteria also showed higher distribution in the experimental group, but P. gingivalis and p..intermedia showed the result with statistically significant difference, and the other did not 4. In 3 all bacteria type, N-AP showed higher distribution than N-CP without statistically significant difference These results suggest that the comparison of the distribution of Bacteroides between Chronic Periodontitis and Aggressive Periodontitis has no statistically significant difference, except P. intermedia.