• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.187-191
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• 2000

A validation study was conducted to determine the efficacy of solvent/Detergent (S/D) inactivation and Q-Sepharose column chromatographic removal of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during the manufacturing of a high purity antihemopilic factor VIII (GreenMono) from human plasma. S/D treatment using the organic solvent, tri (n-butyl) phosphate, and the detergent, Trition X-100, was a robust and effective step in eliminating HIV-1. The HIV-1 titer was reduced from an initial titer of 8.3 log10 TCID50 to undetectable levels within one minute of S/D treatment, HIV-1 was effectively partitioned form factor VIII during Q-Sepharose column chromatography with the log reduction factor of 4.1 . These results strongly assure the safety of GreenMono From HIV.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1995

스트론튬선택성을 갖는 크로마토그래피용 수지인 $Sr-Spec^{TM}$을 이용한 환경시료중 토양시료와 물시료에 대한 방사성 스트론들 분리를 고찰하였다. 이 수지는 질산수용액에서 스트론튬과 큰 결합능력을 가졌으며, 다량의 칼슘원소의 존재에서도 스트론튬분리를 할 수 있는 선택성을 가졌다. 그러나 K나 Ba와 같은 방해원소에 의해서는 스트론튬 추출능력이 감소하였고, 때문에 토양시료중의 스트론튬 분석시에는 이러한 방해원소의 제거단계가 필요하였다. 그러나 물시료증 스트론튬분석에서는 이 수지를 사용함으로써 간편하고 효율높게 분리할 수 있었다.

• 멤브레인
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.22-30
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• 1997

Porous asymmetric membranes were prepared from polyetherimide polymer by the phase-inversion technique under different conditions. The performance of the membranes was tested for the removal of acetone vapour from nitrogen. A membrane which showed a high acetone permeability and a high selectivity was chosen and tested further for the separation of different organic vapours from nitrogen. The molecular structure of organic vapours and the selectivity were correlated. A strong correlation was also found between the chromatographic retention time of the organic vapour and the selectivity. These experimental results led to the conclusion that the sorption is the factor governing the separation of volatile organic compounds from nitrogen. A membrane was also prepared by coating the surface of a porous polyetherimide membrane with silicone rubber. The performance of membranes with and without silicone rubber coating was compared.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.293-306
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• 2014

The present study primarily focuses on the evaluation of the comparative effect of chemical coagulation and ultrasonication for elimination of aromatic amines (AAs) present in anaerobically pretreated textile wastewater containing different types of dyes including azo dyes. Color and COD reduction was also monitored at the optimized conditions. The production of AAs was measured spectrophotometrically in the form of total aromatic amines (TAAs) and also verified with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) selectively. A composite coagulant, magnesium chloride (MC) aided with aluminium chlorohydrate (ACH) in an equal ratio (MC + ACH) was utilized during the coagulation process, which yielded 31% of TAAs removal along with 85% of color and 52% of COD reduction. At optimized power (200 W) and sonication time (5 h), an appreciable TAAs degradation efficiency (85%) was observed along with 51% color reduction and 62% COD removal using ultrasonication. The chromatographic data indicate that sulphanilic acid and benzidine types of aromatic amines were produced after the reductive cleavage of utilized textile dyes, which were effectively mineralized after ultrasonication. The degradation followed the first order kinetics with a correlation coefficient ($R^2$) of 0.89 and a first-order kinetic constant (k) of $0.0073min^{-1}$.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.395-402
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• 2005

Biologically active recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone (rhFSH) was produced in Chinese hamster ovary cells and purified by a series of chromatographic steps. The chromatographic steps included anion-exchange chromatography (DEAE Sepharose F/F, Q Sepharose F/F), hydrophobic interaction chromatography (Source 15 PHE), and hydroxyapatite chromatography (Macro-Prep ceramic hydroxyapatite type I). A distinctive step of the purification process developed was the use of ZnCl$_2$ for the removal of non-glycosylated or lowly-glycosylated FSH and impurities through co-precipitation with Zn$^{2+}$. Purified rhFSH was identified and characterized by several physicochemical and biological methods such as gel electrophoresis, high-performance liquid chromatography, amino acid analysis, carbohydrate analysis, and biological activity. The overall yield of the purification was ~$30\%$. The rhFSH preparation obtained showed high purity (>$99\%$) and high in vivo potency (>16,000 IU/mg). Carbohydrate analysis suggested that the purified rhFSH contained approximately $40\%$ (w/w) carbohydrate with di­or tri-antennary structure on average, which is somewhat more heavily sialylated than commercially available rhFSH. In conclusion, the results of these analyses established an identity of the purified rhFSH with natural FSH from human pituitary glands, and furthermore, the purified rhFSH preparation showed higher in vivo potency and was slightly more heavily sialylated than commercially available rhFSH.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.384-392
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to investigate the removal efficiency of $17{\alpha}$-methyltestosterone (MT) from aqueous solution by Salvinia cucullata Roxb. ex Bory in an active plant-based reactor with a specific focus on linear regression analysis for the sorption phenomena of MT onto the plant roots. A high performance liquid chromatographic method using UV detection (245 nm) was used to analyse the samples. The batch experiments of the active plant reactor (APR) were established to investigate the ability of Salvinia cucullata to remove MT from the liquid phase. The results revealed that 40% and 60% removal of MT from the liquid phase was observed at 5 min. and at 4 h, respectively. Salvinia cucullata can effectively remove MT from the aqueous solution in APRs. Kinetic studies revealed that the sorption phenomena of MT by Salvinia is best described using a linearized pseudo - second order model. Based on the kinetic parameters, it is likely that during the first 4 h of the contact (t = 0 to t = 4 h) sorption is the major driving mechanism of the disappearance of MT from aqueous solutions. However, at higher MT concentrations, diffusivity of MT has a significant effect on the migration of MT from the bulk stream to the root surface. The isotherm analysis revealed that the sorption kinetics favourably followed pseudo second-order. The results of isotherm analysis have indicated that the sorption of MT onto the root surfaces of Salvinia cucullata was favourable and almost irreversible.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of sample preparation, HPLC conditions and peak measurement methods upon determining progesterone content of poly-d,l-lactide-co-glycolide microspheres. A series of the microspheres with different formulations was first prepared. To determine their actual drug contents, the microspheres were dissolved in tetrahydrofuran and diluted with various amounts of methanol to precipitate the polymer. After removal of polymeric precipitates, the filtrates were subject to HPLC analysis under versatile experimental conditions. Interestingly, the composition of a sample solution (e.g., the ratio of methanol to tetrahydrofuran) affected the magnitudes of both peak fronting and peak broadening of progesterone. Its peak became broader and more asymmetrical at lower methanol:tetrahydrofuran ratios. Furthermore, its peak height was influenced by the proportion of tetrahydrofuran in a sample solution. Such problems encountered with tetrahydrofuran were exacerbated when a larger volume of the sample solution was injected onto an analytical column. Under our experimental conditions a peak area measurement provided more accurate and reliable determination of progesterone content in various microspheres than a peak height determination. Optimizing the composition of a sample solution, HPLC chromatographic conditions and peak analysis methods was a prerequisite to an accurate determination of progesterone encapsulated within microspheres.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.456-464
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• 1996

밀의 영양체 저장탄수화물인 fructan의 대사에 관련된 fructan exohydrolase(FEH) 효소의 특성을 구명하기 위해 FEH를 밀의 줄기와 엽초에서 정제, 실험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. FEH의 분자량은 63.7kD이었으며, pH 5.5와 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 최고의 활성을 보였다. 2. FEH의 $K_{m}$ 과 $V_{max}$는 fructan의 크기에 따라 각각 10~37mM, 5g~179mM로 변이를 보였으며, tetrasaccharide가 본 실험에서 사용된 기질 중에서 가장 낮은 $K_{m}$ 과 $V_{max}$를 보였다. 3. 밀의 FEH는 $eta$(2 $\longrightarrow$1)로 연결된 fructan에 대하여 기질 특이성을 보였으며 $\beta$(2 $\longrightarrow$6) fructan과 sucrose는 분해할 수 없었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 1972

한국산 마가목의 건조된 열매를 사용하여 parasorbic acid를 침출 및 분리하는 과정에서 최고의 수율을 위한 최적조건은 다음과 같이 규명되었다. 1) 건조된 마가목 열매로 부터 물로 juice를 침출하여 내는데에 있어서 상온(常溫)에서는 6시간, $40^{\circ}C$의 온도에서는 4시간 이내로 처리함이 가장 좋았다. 2) Juice중에 함유되어 있는 malic acid를 침전으로 제거하는데 있어서 malic acid를 침전시킬 수 있는 alkali이면 그 종류에는 영향 없이 같은 효과를 얻을 수 있다. 3) Juice를 농축하여 syrup으로 만든 후 수증기증류시켜 parasorbic acid를 분리할 때 건조마가목 100 g당(當)의 syrup 50 ml에 대하여 $H_2SO_4$ 30ml 정도 가한 산성(酸性)에서 분리효과가 좋았다. 상압(常壓) 수증기증류에서는 대체적으로 70% 정도의 수율을 얻을 수 있었다. 대체적으로 위와 같은 조건으로 얻은 parasorbic acid를 isomerization시켜 분별결정(分別結晶)시키면 생성된 sorbic acid는 순수하다는 것이 확인되었다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.144-149
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• 2001

N-acetylsphingosine (C2-ceramide) is a synthetic water-soluble ceramide mimicking the activity of natural ceramides. By fixing chiral conformation on carbon numbers 2 and 3 in the ceramide structure, four chiral C2-ceramides naming d-erythro-, I-erythro-, d-threo-and 1-three C2-ceramide were synthesized. We have investigated the chiral effects of these C2-ceramides on the sphingolipid metabolism, particularly on both the sphingolipid bio- synthetic pathway and on the degradation pathway. In both HL-60 and U937 cells, the chiral C2-ceramide ($10{\mu}\textrm{m}$) showed sphingosine accumulation monitored fluoromatrically by a high performance liquid chromatographic separation of the sphingoid bases. Most importantly, in HL-60 cells, l-erythro C2-ceramide induced a 50 fold increase in sphingosine as compared to the control, while l-threo C2-ceramide exhibited a minimal 7-fold in-crease. In contrast, sphinganine, another sphingoid base, showed less accumulation by any chiral C2-ceramide tested under the same conditions. These results suggested that chiral C2-ceramide primarilyacts on the sphingolipid degradation pathway rather than on the sphingolipid biosynthetic route. The strong $C_0/G_1$ phase arrest in the cell cycle by treatment of I-erythro C2-ceramide indicates that the blockade of the sphingolipid degradation pathway might be concomitantly involved in the dysfunction of the cell cycle. On the other hand, the fact that all chiral C2-ceramides tested failed to inhibit the activity of sphingosine kinase acting on the removal of sphingosine by producing sphingosine-1 -phosphate demonstrates that chiral C2- ceramides may increase sphingosine by activating various ceramidases by which natural ceramides are divided into sphingosine and free fatty acids. However, the precise steps involved in this interaction are still unknown.