• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• 제57권5호
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• pp.58-71
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• 2007

This study conducted a survey to find out atopic dermatitis patients' required performance and preference in design factors to develop spring/summer(S/S) knitwears preferred by atopic patients. On the platform of achieved information from statistical analysis, S/S knitwear samples for atopic patients were designed and constructed with cotton/Seacell(R) blended yarn, And subjective wearing sensation were evaluated comparing the samples and the commercial products made with cotton/chitosan blended yarn, trying to help producing more comfortable S/S knitwears for atopic patients. SPSS 12.0 program was used for frequency analysis, Chi-square analysis, ANOVA, and Duncan test. The result was as follows; For comfort of S/S knitwears, atopic patients most considered skin care property. Atopic patients preferred simple and basic knitwear in light color with thin and soft fabric such as plain knit. The preferred style was that 'appropriately fit with suitable ease'. They also preferred 'closed front'; 'boat neckline' and 'V neckline'; 'raglan sleeve' and 'set-in sleeve'. For hem trim, they preferred 'rib' structure. Male preferred simple and plain style with 'round collar' and 'tubular or rib trim", while female preferred sophisticated and characteristic style with 'set-in sleeve' with 'rib trim'. Under the circumstances with insufficient functional knitwears developed, this study tried to develop comfort S/S knitwears for atopic dermatitis patients and the developed knitwears showed as good as or better performance in wearing feeling, fitting, and appearance than the previously developed functional goods.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.779-784
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• 2006

To produce bio-active Kochujang, 1.2% of pomegranate powder, 1.0% of hawthorn berry extract powder, 0.01% of ginko biloba extract, 1.2% of red yeast rice powder, 1.2% of silk powder, 0.2% of garlic oil, 0.2% of chitosan, 1.2% of wax gourd extract powder, and 1.0% of pine mushroom were added individually with raw materials that are needed for Kochujang process. These Kochujangs were fermented for 45 days at $30^{\circ}C$, and examined for changes in their physicochemical properties. There were no significant differences in pH, acidity, formol-N content, color and total cell count by plate count agar between Kochujangs fortified individually with functional ingredients and the control Kochujang. When 0.2% of garlic oil was added, antioxidant activity of its Kochujang product increased twice as much as that of the control Kochujang. Improved ACE inhibiting activities were observed in 1.2% of red yeast rice powder. When 1.2% of silk powder or 0.01% of ginko biloba extract were added, antithrombotic abilities were remarkably enhanced up to two times of the control Kochujang.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2007

Fully or nearly fully 6- [4- (4'- (nitrophenylazo)phenoxycarbonyl)]pentanoated polysaccharide derivatives were synthesized by reacting cellulose, amylose, chitosan, chitin, alginic acid, pullulan or amylopectin with 6- [4- (4'- (nitrophenylazo)phenoxy) ] pentanoyl chloride (NA6C) and their thermotropic liquid crystalline behaviors were investigated. Like in the case of NA6C, all the polysaccharide derivatives formed monotropic nematic phases, suggesting that the mesophase structure of the polysaccharide derivatives is dertermined by the mesogenic side groups and not by the polysaccharide backbone. This is the first report of polysaccharide derivatives, except cellulose derivative, that form thermotropic nematic phases. The thermal stability and degree of order of the nematic phases observed for poly saccharide derivatives were significantly different from those reported for the polymers in which the azobenzene groups are attached to flexible or rigid backbones through flexible spacers. The results were discussed in terms of the difference in the arrangement of the main and side chains and the flexibility of the main chain.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 한국염색가공학회 2011년도 제44차 학술발표회
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• pp.80-80
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• 2011

최근 환경과 건강에 대한 관심이 증대되면서, 천연 섬유를 소재로 사용한 최종 제품 역시 고급화 및 고기능화되고 있는 추세이며 섬유항균가공분야에 있어서도 천연 추출물을 이용한 항균가공이 주목을 받고 있다. 현재 항균가공에 사용되고 있는 항균제는 일반적으로 합성항균제를 사용하고 있고 이는 거의 대부분 자극성 화합물로써 인체에 잠재적 유해요인이 될 수 있고 제조 및 가공과정에서 환경오염을 유발시키는 문제점도 발생되고 있다. 반면 천연추출물을 사용할 경우 합성물질에 비해 포름알데히드 검출 등의 인체 안정성의 불안이 적어 건강차원에서 그 인식이 점차 증대되고 있는 추세이다. 천연항균물질에는 chitosan이나 식물에서 추출된 천연항균물질 등이 있는데 특히 식물에서 추출된 천연항균물질은 피톤치드(phytoncide)라고 표현되고 있으며 이는 수목들이 해충이나 미생물 등으로부터 자기방어를 위해 공기 중으로 발산하는 방향성의 항생물질을 뜻하는 말이다. 본 연구에서는 식물 중에서 피톤치드 정유의 함량이 많다고 알려진 측백나무과의 편백나무 정유를 이용하였으며 편백나무 정유가 식물성 천연 오일형태이므로 가공 처리 시 물과 계면이 발생되기 때문에 HLB(Hydrophilic Lipophlic Balance) 조건에 따른 최적 유화조건을 선정하였으며 편백나무 정유를 이용한 면직물의 항균 기능 부여를 위한 시험으로 편백나무 정유 처리 농도에 따른 항균성을 평가해 보고자 하였다. 실험 결과 편백나무 정유는 HLB 15이상 계면활성제 사용 시 물에 용해성이 좋고 안정된 에멀젼 상태를 보였으며 제조된 편백나무 정유 가공액 5%이상 처리 시 Staphylococcus aureus과 Klebsiella pneumoniae의 99.9% 정균감소율을 나타내었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 한국염색가공학회 2011년도 제44차 학술발표회
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• pp.61-61
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• 2011

지구 온난화로 인해 환경파괴, 병원성 세균 감염 등에 의한 각종 질병과 아토피 피부염 등 수없이 많은 요소들에서 우리 몸을 보호하기 위하여 친환경 소재의 용품들이 각광 받고 있다. 이중에서도 키토산과 칼슘알지네이트는 천연재료로써 이미 다른 분야에서 응용되어 사용되고 있으며, 이 두 가지 천연재료를 두 층으로 면섬유에 코팅시킨 CCAC섬유를 제조하였다. CCAC섬유와 키토산이 코팅된 면섬유, 칼슘알지네이트가 코팅된 면섬유, 미처리 면섬유의 총 4가지 섬유에 체액, 증류수, 생리식염수의 각각의 조건에서 흡습량, 흡습시간을 측정하여 비교하고, 수분율과 함수율을 측정하고, 접촉각을 Contact angle system OCA20을 이용하여 측정하였다. CCAC섬유의 키토산 부착 함량을 알아보기 위하여 정량적인 방법으로 add-on율을 이용하여 확인하고, 정성적인 방법으로 원소분석기(Elemental Analyzer, FLASH 1112)를 이용하여 측정하였다. 칼슘알지네이트의 함량 분석은 EDS(EX-250, HORIBA, Japan)를 이용하여 측정하고, 직물의 표면과 단면의 형태는 주사전자현미경(S-4100, Hitachi Co., Japan)으로 ${\times}100$, ${\times}1000$ 배율로 측정하여 단면과 표면 상태를 확인하고, 물리적인 특성은 KES-FB system 을 통하여 확인 하였다.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.839-846
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• 1994

Changing concepts in fishery science increasingly are recognizing depletion of traditional stocks, utilization of alternate(non-traditional) species, demand for high quality products, and a total resource utilization approach. Innovative practices are occurring in fisheries processing wherein solid and liquid discharges are no longer treated as 'waste,' but rather as valuable feedstocks for recovery of a variety of value-added ('value enhanced') by-products. Among these are protein hydrolysates, soluble proteins and amino acids, proteolytic enzymes, flavor and flavor extracts, pigments, and biopolymers such as chitosan. Properties and applications of this deacetylated derivative of chitin are noted. Crustacean processing by-products are discussed in terms of their serving as materials for generation of natural flavors and flavor extracts, and products such as fish sauces using contemporary enzymatic techniques. Various food and feed applications of fisheries processing by-products are illustrated with increased usage seen in formulated diets for an expanding aquaculture market. Examples are given of aquaculture becoming increasingly significant in global fisheries resource projections. Critical issues in the international seafood industry Include those of seafood quality, processing quality assurance (HACCP), and recognition of the nutritional and health-related properties of fisheries products. A variety of current seafood processing research is discussed, including that of alternate fish species for surimi manufacture and formulation of value-added seafood products from crawfish and blue crab processing operations. Increasing emphasis is being placed on international aspects of global fisheries and the role of aquaculture in such considerations. Coupled with the need for the aquatic food industry to develop innovative seafood products for the 21st century is that of total resource utilization. Contemporary approaches in seafood processing recognize the need to discard the traditional concept of processing 'waste' and adapt a more realistic, and economically sound, approach of usable by-products for food and feed application. For example, in a period of declining natural fishery resources it is no longer feasible to discard fish frames following fillet removal when a significant amount of residual valuable flesh is present that can be readily recovered and properly utilized in a variety of mince-based formulated seafood products.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.385-392
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the histological toxicity of chitosanoligosaccharide on the rat. A healthy male of Wistar rat that weighted $250{\pm}350g$ was used for experiment The experimental group was divided into five groups. Group 1 was control group which treated with general food Group 2 was $F_1$ generation which was born by mating of 0.1% (1 mg/ml) chitosanoligosaccharide was supplied by feeding ad libitum for 30 days. Group 3 was $F_2$ generation which was born by mating $F_1$ generation. Group 4 was treated with 90 days of 0.1% (1 mg/ml) chitosan oligosaccharide. Group 5 was treated with 365 days of 0.1% (1 mg/ml) chitosanoligo saccharide. All experimental groups were used to 10 rat. The results were as follow: The RER dilation was observed Group 4. However, there were no significantly changes of ultrastructures in the other groups compared to the control. It was concluded that chitosanoligosaccharide can be used for nontoxic natural material.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.563-569
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• 2004

The DNA sequence of the chitosanase gene (choK) from $\beta$-Proteobacterium KNU3 showed an 1,158-bp open reading frame that encodes a protein of 386 amino acids with a novel 74 signal peptide. The degenerated primers based on the partial deduced amino acid sequences from MALDI- TOF MS analyses yielded the 820 bp of the PCR product. Based on this information, double inverse PCR cloning experiments, which use the two specific sets of PCR primers rather than single set primers, identified the unknown 1.2 kb of the choK gene. Subsequently, a 1.8 kb of full choK gene was cloned from another PCR cloning experiment and it was then subcloned into pGEM T-easy and pUC18 vectors. The recombinant E. coli clone harboring recombinant pUC18 vector produced a clear halo around the colony in the glycol chitosan plates. The recombinant ChoK protein was secreted into medium in a mature form while the intracellular ChoK was produced without signal peptide cleavage. The activity staining of PAGE showed that the recombinant ChoK protein was identical to the chitosanase of wild-type. The comparison of deduced amino acid sequences of choK revealed that there is 92% identity with that of Sphingobacterium multivorum chitosanase. Judging from the conserved module in other bacterial chitosanases, chitosanase of KNU3 strain (ChoK) belongs to the family 80 of glycoside hydrolases.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.726-731
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• 2003

The aim of this research was to identify candidate probiotic lactic bacteria among indigenous dadih lactic isolates. Dadih is an Indonesian traditional fermented milk of West Sumatra which is fermented naturally. Viability of the strain is critical in determining the capacity of lactic bacteria to induce immune stimulation as well as to colonize in the intestinal tract. Therefore, LAB are proposed to exert health promoting or probiotic effects in human, such as inhibition of pathogenic microflora, antimutagenic, and the reduction of cholesterol levels. This manuscript reports in vitro probiotic properties of indigenous dadih lactic bacteria, especially some important colonization factors in GI tract, such as lysozyme, acid and bile tolerance. Bile Salt Hydrolase (BSH) activity, spectrum of bacteriocin, and antimutagenic activity of bacterial cells were also assessed. Twenty dadih lactic isolates were screened further for their tolerance to low pH, at pH 2 and 3 as well as their bile tolerance. There were ten isolates classified as acid and bile acid tolerant, and further screened for lysozyme tolerance, BSH activity. The spectrum of bacteriocin activity of isolates was assayed using cell-free neutralized supernatants by agar spot test against variety of pathogens. Lc. lactis subsp. lactis IS-10285, IS-7386, IS-16183, IS-11857 and IS-29862, L. brevis IS-27560, IS-26958 and IS-23427, Leu.mesen.mesenteroides IS-27526, and L. casei IS-7257 each has good survival rate at low pH values and in the presence of lysozyme, and short lag time in the presence of 0.3 % oxgall. Lc. lactis subsp. lactis IS-11857 and IS-29862 each has high BHS activity, Lc. lactis subsp. lactis IS-10285 and IS-16183 each had a positive spectrum of bacteriocin activity against E. coli 3301 and Lysteria monocytogenes ATCC 19112, while L. brevis IS-26958 has high BHS activity as well as positive spectrum of bacteriocin against E. coli 3301, Lysteria monocytogenes ATCC 19112, and S. aureus IFO 3060. All of the ten dadih lactic strains performed in vitro acid and bile tolerance, indicating a possibility to reach the intestine alive, and display probiotic activities.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.510-519
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• 2018

Synbiotics are a combination of probiotics and prebiotics, which lead to synergistic benefits in host welfare. Probiotics have been used as an alternative to antibiotics. Among the probiotics, Pediococcus acidilactici (PA) has shown excellent antimicrobial activity against Salmonella Gallinarum (SG) as a major poultry pathogen and has improved the production performances of animals. Inulin is widely used as a prebiotic for the improvement of animal health and growth. The main aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of inulin nanoparticle (IN)-internalized PA encapsulated into alginate/chitosan/alginate (ACA) microcapsules (MCs) for future in vivo application. The prepared phthalyl INs (PINs) were characterized by DLS and FE-SEM. The contents of phthal groups in the PINs were estimated by $^1H-NMR$ measurement as 25.1 mol.-%. The sizes of the PINs measured by DLS were approximately 203 nm. Internalization into PA was confirmed by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. The antimicrobial activity of PIN-internalized probiotics encapsulated into ACA MCs was measured by coculture antimicrobial assays on SG. PIN-internalized probiotics had a higher antimicrobial ability than that of ACA MCs loaded with PA/inulin or PA. Interestingly, when PINs were treated with PA and encapsulated into ACA MCs, as a natural antimicrobial peptide, pediocin was produced much more in the culture medium compared with other groups with inulin-loaded ACA MCs and PA encapsulated into ACA MCs.