• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.79-94
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was (1) to investigate whether linguistic contrast helps children map a new word into a specific semantic domain when a new word is introduced, (2) to examine the existence of a hierarchy of domains into which children will place a new word, (3) to examine whether children's existing lexicons affect how children map a new word. A total of 320 children from 3 to 6 years of age were drawn from Pusan, Korea. The children were divided into one of four age groups. There were 80 children in each age group. In each group, children were randomly assigned to one of four groups; the linguistic contrast group exposed to color, the linguistic contrast group exposed to shape, a label group and control group. All of the children were tested for production and comprehension of the new word. The results of this study were as follows; (1) The linguistic contrast helped children learn the meanings of a new word. Especially, children age 4 or more showed a significant effect for linguistic contrast; however, it was not sufficient to teach 3-year-old the correct, referent of a term. (2) There was a hierarchy of domains into which children mapped a new word. There was no significant effect for domains into which 3-year-old children mapped the new word, but from 4 years of age children showed a preference for assuming a new word refered to an object's shape rather than its color. (3) Children's existing lexicon had no effect, on how children comprehend a new word.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.191-200
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to look into the influence of job stress and role conflict of emotional labors on the intention of job turnover of them and to look into the effect of adjusting ego-resilience in their relation. To do this, 60 child care facilities in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do were selected and survey research was conducted for the object of total 248 child care teachers who are emotional labors. With collected materials, SPSS 17.0, AMOS program was used to verify research problems. The results of the research : First, the job stress of emotional labors appeared to be a main factor which has influence on the intention of job turnover of emotional labors. Second, the role stress and ambiguity appeared to be a main factor which has influence on the intention of job turnover. Lastly, in the relation which job stress and role conflict has influence on the intention of job turnover, ego-resilience appeared to have the effect of adjustment.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.577-583
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• 2020

The learning and cognition of preschool children begins with the color of the object, and the game interface is the child's first impression of the game, so reasonable color design is needed. This article selects 10 educational mobile game for preschool children, extracts colors from the game interface and startup icons, and puts them into Photoshop to analyze the three elements of color hue, lightness, and saturation. Finally, three suggestions are put forward for the color design of game UI. 1.Choose a color similar to the actual color of the thing. 2. Choose warm colors according to your child's preferences. 3. When using contrasting colors, please reduce the brightness or purity of the colors. It is hoped that the research conclusions can provide reference materials for the color design of educational game UI for preschool children.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.209-217
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• 2003

Object：This study examined the diagnostic validity of the K-ABC and the K-LDES for identifying the cognitive deficits and the learning difficulty of children with learning disorder and to diagnose the learning disorder. Method：The clinical group consisted of 15 children with learning disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder accompanying learning problem(LP) and 14 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. They were diagnosed either learning disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder based on DSM-IV criteria by child psychiatrists and clinical psychologists visiting Seoul National University Children’s Hospital. The normal group was composed of 15 children be going to an elementary school. All groups were between the age of 7 and 12. The K-ABC was administered to the clinical and the normal group. The K-LDES was also administered to mothers of all groups. Result：There were no significant differences on sequential, simultaneous, mental processing subscales of the K-ABC in three groups. However, The LP group showed slightly lower scores on Achievement scale and significant low scores on Reading/Decoding than the other groups. On K-LDES, LP group showed significant low scores on Listing, Thinking, Reading, Writing, Spelling, Mathematical calculation, Learning quotient(LQ) than the other groups. Also there were significant correlations between K-ABC and K-LDES subscales. Conclusion：The result of present study showed that the K-ABC and the K-LDES are a valid and effective instruments for evaluating and diagnose the learning disorder.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.91-109
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• 2003

The grip strength is orthopedics department, the place where from rehabilitation medical science and industrial medical science and it evaluates the function of the hand certainly is the ability which is necessary. There is specially by an occupation rehabilitation of mentally retarded child and the evaluation of grip strength is one which is meaning. The samples for this study were 39 normal males and 59 normal females, 62 mentally retarded males, 33 mentally retarded females ranging in age from Prepubeal period to Adolescence. This study was used to measure grip strength BASELINE Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer manufactured by EEI(Fabrication Enterprises Incorporated)in USA. The objective of research from the Prepubeal period to Adolescence the normal and mentally retarded students comparison evaluates the grip strength and effective fine motor program of one's it makes with the fundamental data for a development and it does. The results are as follow : (1) The hand which the normal student and the schoolgirl of rises from grip strength measurement result of the Prepubeal period research object people 10.7Kg with the same left hand was each measured 10Kg with 9.8Kg with in. The grip strength of the mentally retarded schoolboys was the hand which rises 6Kg with the left hand 5.4Kg, the grip strength of the schoolgirls 6.5Kg with was identical. (2) The hand which the normal schoolboys and the schoolgirls rises from grip strength measurement result of the Adolescence research object people 29.6Kg, 20Kg the left hand to be was each measured 27.8Kg with 18.4Kg with. The hand which the mentally retarded schoolboys and the schoolgirls rises 13.1Kg, 11.3Kg the left hand to be was each measured 12.3Kg with 10.9Kg with. (3) Among the normal students $10.2\%$ (Prepubeal period $0.94\%$, Adolescence $15.2\%$) in Mentally Retarded students $17.9\%$ (Prepubeal period $0.77\%$, Adolescence $19.1\%$) left hand it was higher. (4) The grip strength of the students who attend school from the general family dwells were appeared higher than students residence at institution.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.96-103
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• 2008

Purpose: The Study of vaccination for infants and children business in Primary Health Care Posts from 1980 to 2009. Method: look for national essential vaccination look for the change of vaccination by the times in Primary Health Care Posts and the rate of vaccination for infants and children by a administrative report statistics survey of a vaccine delivery system of Public health care institutions investigation about assistance details of vaccination cost in order to raise the rate of vaccination for infants and children. Results: In 1980s, there are many infants and children management object, but now there are rapidly decreasing infants and children management subject of a Primary Health Care Post because of rural exodus phenomenon of 1990's and a low birthrate of 2000's. Currently, the infants and children that registed, and managed to a Primary Health Care Post is most multi-cultural families. A multi-cultural family assistance program is provided these infants and children to the objects. Conclusions: Infant vaccination execution in Primary Health Care Posts showed to high vaccination rate because the prevention of vaccination delay or omission of the interior child who raised geographical accessibility to object sons nowadays it difficult to management of transportation of vaccine and storage management for a little shroud objects limited and management of inoculation business in quality. A main problem is as follows. There are a little vaccine transportation, trouble of proper temperature maintenance of a storage process, and having a lot of vaccine abolition as a little objects, educational training shortage of health care practitioner regarding to execute an inoculation. Therefore, vaccination business needs measures for management in quality in Primary Health Care Posts.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.9-16
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• 2020

Recently, various studies are being conducted to integrate Image Segmentation into smart factory industries and autonomous driving fields. In particular, Image Segmentation systems using deep learning algorithms have been researched and developed enough to learn from large volumes of data with higher accuracy. In order to use image segmentation in the autonomous driving sector, sufficient amount of learning is needed with large amounts of data and the streaming environment that processes drivers' data in real time is important for the accuracy of safe operation through highways and child protection zones. Therefore, we proposed a novel DFCN algorithm that enhanced existing FCN algorithms that could be applied to various road environments, demonstrated that the performance of the DFCN algorithm improved 1.3% in terms of "loss" value compared to the previous FCN algorithms. Moreover, the proposed DFCN algorithm was applied to the existing U-Net algorithm to maintain the information of frequencies in the image to produce better results, resulting in a better performance than the classical FCN algorithm in the autonomous environment.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.99-108
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the parenting image of modern Korean society through modern novels published during in the stage of modern change in Korea. Method: The data were analyzed through latent content analysis. Modern Korean novels (N=138) written during the Korean modernization stage were chosen for analysis. Five categories and seventeen meaningful sub-categories were drawn out from 636 significant sentences. Results: The parenting images expressed in modern Korean society were as follows: From the category of [Devotional love], 5 sub-categories were drawn: Hedgehog's love, Lavish love, Sacrificial care, Exertion of the mind, and Prayer for the future of their children. From the category of [Stern father and affectionate mother], 3 sub-categories were drawn: Stern and Strict father, Tender and loving mother, and Strong maternal love. From the category of [Enthusiasm for their children's education], 3 sub-categories were drawn: Sense of duty to provide good education for their children, Zeal for their children's education, and Satisfaction with their hard-working children. From the category of [The head of family], 3 sub-categories were drawn: Person who has the right to make decisions, Reliable protector, and Object of filial devotion. From the category of [sexual discrimination], 3 sub-categories were drawn: Preference and favoritism to sons, Attaching importance to education of sons, Regarding daughters as those who help support the family. Conclusions: The results of this study will help to improve the basic understanding the parenting image and parent-child relationship in present day Korea.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.199-211
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the relative effects of young children's mathematical abilities and scientific abilities on intelligence. Methods: The object of this study is 100 five or six-years-old children in a kindergarten of S district in S city. I conducted analysis of partial correlation after controlled young children's age and sex to examine correlation between young children's mathematical abilities, scientific abilities and intelligence, also I used stepwise multiple regression analysis for inspecting the relative effects of young children's mathematical abilities and scientific abilities on intelligence. Results: Young children's intelligence is relative with mathematical abilities and scientific abilities, this relation is higher in 'measurement' and 'algebra' factors of mathematical abilities and 'predicting' factor of scientific abilities. Mathematical abilities bigger impact to the relative effects on young children's intelligence. Conclusion/Implications: On this, it is necessary that evenly providing the math and science activities in early childhood education field and home, and we have to consider the integrations of the process when provide the math and science integrated activities. This study has the significance to use basic line data when people plan the integrated math-science activities and develop program associated those by finding the relationship between mathematical abilities, scientific abilities and intelligence and evaluating the relative effects on intelligence.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2006

Objectives : The object of this study was to examine computer game playing patterns and psychopathologies related to computer game addiction in school-age children. Methods : The subjects were 533 elementary school students (4th to 6th grade) in Kangdonggu, Seoul. We evaluated computer playing patterns of all subjects using computer game playing pattern questionnaire, and determined the risk group of computer game addiction by internet game addiction scale score. We evaluated subscale score of K-CBCL from parents of all subjects, and conducted correlation analysis and logistic regression analysis between computer game addiction and subscale score of K-CBCL. Results : In 488 responders, 10.2% of started playing computer game in preschool age, and 67.2% started at low grade of elementary school. The mean frequency of computer game play per week was 3.66 days. Mean time spent playing computer games per day was 1.89 hours. 'Simply for fun' was the most common reason far playing computer games (40.8%). Male subjects showed statistically significant differences in age of starting computer game, frequency of computer game play per week, reasons for playing computer game and computer game addiction scale scores. There were significant correlations between computer game addiction scale scores and academic performance, somatic complaints, attention problems, and internalizing problems in K-CBCL. But In logistic regression analysis, only attention problems among K-CBCL subscales showed significant predictability to computer game addiction. Conclusion : Upper grade elementary school students experienced computer game playing at the very early age, and spend much time in playing computer games. There were significant correlation and predictability between computer game addiction and attention problems.