• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.143-151
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• 2020

Objective: Bidi is an inexpensive, low-processed, hand-rolled tobacco product. In Bangladesh, especially in Rangpur, tobacco farming and bidi processing are common. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of bidi making on children working in bidi factories. Methods: This qualitative(walk-through survey) and quantitative(questionnaire-based survey and a urine cotinine level quantitation) study was conducted in Rangpur, Bangladesh in 2017. Study population included child-workers aged ≤14 years who were regularly employed as bidi makers. Findings: The results of the walk-through survey revealed hazardous working environments at bidi factories. For the quantitative survey, 171 child-workers were categorized into "less-working"(<5 hours/day) and "more-working"(≥5 hours/day) groups; additionally, "forced-working"(forced into work by parents) and "voluntary-working"(working voluntarily) groups were delineated within the same population. In the logistic regression analysis, odds ratios(ORs) of respiratory symptoms and unusual absence(absent ≥5 days/month) were higher in the "more-working" group than in the "less-working" group(unusual absence: OR, 2.91; 95% confidence interval[CI], 1.43-5.94), and this association became higher in the "forced-working" group with longer working hours(OR, 5.68, 95%CI 2.30-14.00). Conclusions: Cheap, hand-rolled tobacco(bidi) is harmful to the health of bidi-making child-workers. Children in poverty bow to the demands of cheap labor and poverty and jeopardize their health and future prospects by working in bidi factories. Tobacco control policies should consider the social effects of tobacco beyond its biological effects.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.97-106
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between mother child-rearing attitude, language control styles and preschool child's social competence, and also, to provide a basis for development of a program to promote preschool child's social competence. Methods: The present study was a descriptive research. Participants in this study were a convenience sample of 300 preschool children and their mothers. For the final analysis 264 questionnaires were used after eliminating questionnaires with incomplete responses. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 18.0 program. Results: The mean score for mother's child-rearing attitude was $3.31{\pm}0.25$ out of 5 points, for hierarchical language control styles ($2.76{\pm}0.62$), commanding ($1.95{\pm}0.58$), and humanistic ($2.48{\pm}0.62$) out of 5 points, and for child's social competence, $3.50{\pm}0.34$ out of 5 points. Negative correlations were found between commanding language control styles and child's social competence (r=-.34, p<.001), and between commanding language control style and mother's child-rearing attitude (r=-.50, p<.001). Conclusion: The results demonstrate the importance of the quality of mother's child-rearing attitude and language control styles for child's social competence. It is suggested that promotion programs to enhance preschool child's social competence should be developed in conjunction with the parenting related environment.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.91-100
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was to evaluate the quality of online health information related to infants and preschoolers accessible through mobile applications and websites. Methods: Using combinations of the terms 'infant', 'preschooler', and 'health' as the main keyword or categories, the researchers searched relevant mobile applications and websites in Korean application markets and popular search engines. Twelve mobile application and 14 websites were finally selected according to our inclusion criteria and evaluated using DISCERN instrument. Results: The overall quality score of online health information available through mobile applications was 2.00 of 5 points, the reliability score was 2.15, and the quality score was 1.76. The overall quality score of online health information available through websites was 2.29, the reliability score was 2.40, and the quality score was 1.82. Conclusion: The quality of online health information related to young children was found to be low and to have potentially significant drawbacks according to DISCERN criteria. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a system to evaluate and regulate the quality of online health information. Additionally, factors that readers can use to judge the quality of health information, such as references and the benefit versus risks of the information, should be provided.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.406-416
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• 2019

Purpose: Children in migrant villages in Kyrgyzstan have a high incidence of anemia and need effective health promotion programs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a pilot study of a health promotion project for infants and toddlers based on community participation. Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the project. The project was carried out by nurses at a public health center, community health workers, and local residents in a migrant village. After the operational system of the project was established, health assessments, child-care education, provision of vouchers for iron supplements, and activities to improve residents' awareness were conducted during 6 months among 100 children, of whom 85 were finally analyzed. Results: In international health projects, close cooperation of the project team with community residents and health workers is important. Access to the community-based program was feasible in the socially and economically poor migrant village, and improvements were shown in children's anemia and awareness of health care. Conclusion: By focusing on the effective aspects of this preliminary project, plans to utilize community health workers and promotion strategies can be added to the main project to improve health promotion among children in this area.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.405-405
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• 2017

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.95-101
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• 2000

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.241-252
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• 2002

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.1
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• pp.88-97
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• 1998

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.1
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• pp.98-114
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• 1998

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 1998