• Human Ecology Research
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.53-68
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• 2022

Using a person-centered approach, the current study investigated latent profiles for the emotional and behavioral problems of students in sixth-grade in elementary school and second grade of middle school. The aim was to explore latent transition patterns and verify the factors affecting the transitions. The participants were 1,937 adolescents who responded to the 3^rd year (6^th grade of elementary school; Time 1), 4^th year (1^st grade of middle school), and 5^th year (2^nd grade of middle school; Time 2) of the Korean Children Youth Panel Study. Latent profile and latent transition analyses were performed. The results were as follows: first, the latent profile of emotional and behavioral problems changed from Time 1 to Time 2. The latent groups at Time 1 were classified into low, moderate, high, and externalizing-dominant, whereas at Time 2, five groups were identified: low, moderate, high, externalizing-dominant, and withdrawal-dominant. Second, transition analyses revealed that although 22.3-57.0% of latent groups remained unchanged, there were significant changes over time between groups, as a new group ('withdrawal-dominant') emerged in Time 2. Third, different factors influenced the latent profile transition of emotional and behavioral problems depending on the transition pattern. Higher levels of self-esteem, better relationships with peers and teachers, and lower levels of parental inconsistency meant emotional and behavioral problems had not worsened at Time 2. The results suggest that early interventions are needed during the transition from childhood to early adolescence.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.455-471
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• 2024

Make-up culture has recently emerged as a major trend among adolescents, and their knowledge of this culture is acquired from their peers. Adolescence is a period in which peer relationships have a significant effect on individuals' behavior and self-esteem. Also, adolescents are conscious of others' evaluation because they only want to exhibit their ideal-self. They generally apply make-up for various reasons; pursuing ideal beauty, concealing their insecurities and improving their own self-esteem. The purpose of this study is to design and implement the MUSE(Make-Up & Self-Esteem) project, to reduce self-esteem disparity based on make-up status. Ten female adolescents(mean age=17.0 yrs, SD=1.49) participated in the MUSE project, in which the participants gradually reduced their make-up steps and posted feelings about this on SNS. Also, events were designed for the participants to enhance their interest and become more focused on themselves without make-up. Resultantly, it was obeserved that after the project, the gap between the particiapnts' self-esteem with and without make-up decreased. More specifically, there was no significant difference in self-esteem with make-up before and after participating in the project, but a significant increase was observed in self-esteem without make-up after the project. Although the participants were mostly satisfied with the project, individual interviews were conducted to obtain feedback regarding how the project could be improved. The participants suggested that future project could be developed within their own peer group and the term of the project could be extended so that the participants could become accustomed to daily make-up reducing steps.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

Purpose: Injury is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality for children. As an injury prevention measure, the differences in external causes of severe pediatric injuries based on ICECI were analyzed according to age groups. Methods: A retrospective study was performed for pediatric patients under 15 years of age, who had been admitted to the emergency department with severe injuries from January 1998 to December 2004. The external causes of injury were investigated according to the ICECI: intent, mechanisms, places of occurrence, objects/substances producing injury, and related activities. The patients were divided into four groups based on age: infant (<0 year), toddler (1~4 years), preschool age (5~8 years), and school age (9~15 years). Results: The injury mechanisms, the places of occurrence and the related objects/substances vary with the age groups. The most common subtype of traffic accidents was pedestrian injury in pre-school age group. Falls most frequently occurred in the toddler group. But falls from a height of less than l meter height (6 patients) occurred only in the infant group. The most common place of occurrence in the infant group was the home, and that of other groups was the road. The related objects/substances for falls, for example, household furnitures and playground equipment depended on the age group. Conclusion: The age-group specific characteristics of severe pediatric injury were analyzed successfully through the ICECI. Therefore, when establishing a plan for the prevention of pediatric injury, consideration must be given to the differences in the external causes of injuries according to age group.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2000

The Low Birth Weight infant birth rate in this country is a little more than 15 percent and is being increased. The survival rate of Low Birth Weight infant is over 90 percent and recently the rate runs is getting. However, because of the high risk of Low Birth Weight infant for handicap in growth, a preventive nursing intervention program for Low Birth Weight infant and their mother is considered to be necessary. Touch and massage, thus sensory stimulation has been considered to be important ensuring a normal growth of Low Birth Weight infant During the past decades sensory stimulation program has been used for premature and Low Birth Weight infants. Recently a study on the sensory stimulation for Low Birth Weight infants has bee n done in this country. Mother and infant relationship has a great influence on child's development. Especially, mother and infant interaction during one year after birth plays important role in child's social. affective and cognitive developments. But in the study of Low Birth Weight infants, the mother and infant interaction has been rare yet. However, there was no study effectiveness of the sensory stimulation on mother and infant interaction. In this respect, this study based on the importance of the nursing intervention, is intended to measure the effectiveness of the massage therapy in the aspects of weight, daily feeding amount, cortisolurine stress hormone and mother and infant interactions. This study has been conducted on the nonequivalent control group pretestposttest design in quasi experimental basis and Low Birth Weight infants from NICU of two Medical University Hospitals located in Taegu Metropolitan were selected in experimental group of 21 infants and control group of 20 infants. Data has been collected from May 1, 1999 to September 5, 2000. For the experimental group Field's sensory stimulation(tactile and kinesthetic stimulation) was applied 2 times a day for 10 days(10:00 - 11:00 hours in the morning and 19:00 - 20:00 in the afternoon) by nurse and mother. The electronic indicator scale (Cas Co. Korea) was used to measure infant's body weight. To determine urine cortisol concentration level under stress, rad immuno assay method was used. And to determine mother and infant interactions during feeding, tools developed by Kim Mi-Ye (1999) were used. Collected data were analyzed with SAS program using x-test, t-test, paired t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. Findings were as follows : 1. For the daily mean weight gain, the experimental group showed little higher than the control group, even though, there was no Statistically significant differences between two groups. 2. For the amount of daily mean feeding, the experimental group showed little higher than the control group, while there was no Statistically significant differences between two groups. 3. The level of wine cortisol concentration was increased in both groups, while no Statistical significance was shown between the two groups. 4. Mothers in experimental group were more likely to have higher mean scores in mother and infant interaction during feeding than mothers in the control group. Statistical significance was shown between the two groups(t= 5.78, P=.001). In conclusion, the massage therapy in this study showed with regard to even though through there was no statistically significance in the weight gain and urine stress hormone concentration. there was Statistical significantly higher in the mother and infant interaction during feeding. Based on the result of this study, it is considered that the massage therapy should be applied clinical practice and home to help a developmental growth and interaction of Low Birth Weight infants and mothers during the period of recovery.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.159-174
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the health care expenditure of elderly single and elderly couple households whose head is more than 60 years old. The data analyzed for the study were Korean Retirement and Income Study(KRelS) conducted in 2007 by National Pension Corporation. The major finding of this study were as follows: First, the amount of health care expenditure of elderly single households was lower than that of elderly couple households. However, ratio of health care expenditure to total consumption expenditure of elderly single households was larger than that of elderly couple households. Second, the ratio of health care expenditure in consumption expenditure in this study was larger than the ratios in past analyse showed in the previous studies. Third, common factor affecting on health care expenditure of elderly single and elderly couple households was the existence of the family member with chronic disease or handicap. The health care expenditure of elderly singer households was influenced by income, gender and the ownership of national health insurance. The influence of income for elderly singer households seemed to be greater than for elderly couple households. The variables which affected health care expenditure of elderly couple households were age and housing tenure status. The amount and ratio health care expenditure were increased as the age increases. These results show that the health care expenditures for each groups varied according to socio-demographic variables and health-related behavior variables. It is suggested that there should be a discriminative health care policy for each elderly single and elderly couple households. In addition, the health care policy for the elderly households of which member has a chronic disease is certainly necessary. Especially a health care plan for the elderly single households with lower income is in need. For the elderly couple households, the priority group of health care policy would be the high age group.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.432-442
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• 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutrient content consumed by children and adolescents on home-prepared versus chef-prepared specific carbohydrate diets (SCD) as therapy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: Dietary intake of two cohorts with active IBD initiating the SCD over 12 weeks was assessed. The home-prepared cohort received detailed guidance from dietitians on implementation of the SCD. The chef in the other cohort was knowledgeable in the SCD and prepared meals from a fixed set of recipes. Data from 3-day diet diaries at 4 different time points were collected. US Recommended Daily Allowances (RDA) were calculated for macronutrients, vitamins, and minerals. Results: Eight participants on the homemade SCD and 5 participants on the chef-prepared SCD were included in analysis. Mean % RDA for energy intake was 115% and 87% for homemade and chef-prepared groups (p<0.01). Mean % RDA for protein intake was 337% for homemade SCD and 216% for chef-prepared SCD (p<0.01). The homemade SCD group had higher mean % RDA values for vitamin A and iron, while the chef-prepared SCD group had higher intake of vitamins B1, B2, D, phosphorus and zinc (p<0.01 for all). Conclusion: The SCD implemented homemade versus chef-prepared can result in significantly different intake of nutrients and this may influence efficacy of this dietary therapy. Meal preparation dynamics and the motivation of families who pursue dietary treatment may play an important role on the foods consumed and the outcomes on dietary therapy with the SCD.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.5 s.83
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• pp.191-203
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• 2006

This study examined the experience of family of origin among those who decided consensual divorce. Questionnaires regarding family relationships, alcohol problem, domestic violence, and health in family or origin were distributed to 500 people who visited Busan Family court for filing divorce and 3% questionnaires were collected by the staff of the Family court in April, 2004. As for analyzing the data, using SPSS/WIN 10.0 program, t-test and ANOVA were conducted. The results of analyses are as follows. First, more respondents tended to report that theirs parents' marital relationship was bad in their childhood than parent-child relationship. Second, 41% of all respondents reported that their parents have had alcohol problems, and 32% reported that there had been domestic violence between their parents. Third, the overall score of health in family of origin was lower than the medium score, which implies the lower health in family of origin among the divorce deciders. Lastly, there were some differences in experiences of family of origin in terms of some demographic variables such as gender, education, and religion. Women tended to perceived their family relationship more positively than men did. Also, highly educated group of divorce deciders reported lower parental alcohol problem and higher health in family of origin than the group of lower education. Respondents which had specific religions reported that their parents have had less alcohol problems, and higher health in family-of-origin.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.125-130
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• 2007

Recently, the paradigms of residential planing are changing by digitalization, diversity and globalization. Since the infortance of residential living behavior and lifestyle have been recognizing, house can be perceived as a lifestyle engineering product which realizes lifestyle in a concrete way. The purpose of this research scrutinizes lifestyles through resident's value and preference of everyday living behavior in the residential, special contact. This research was conducted through the small group workshop to housewives divided into three groups such as the age 30-40s, 45-55s, 60-70s group. The workshop consisted of three stages, such as the awareness of family and home, the satisfaction of residential space, the value and preference of everyday living behavior. This study shows that Lifestyle characterize by ages, differences of living pattern and individual traits. The 30-40s' housewives relate to foster of a preschool child and it makes load of household. their characteristic is the preference of rest as releasing stresses. The 44-55s' housewives have self-oriented traits. they pursue own space and interaction with others. The 60-70s' housewives require natural interaction with family more than private space and an open view.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.519-528
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• 2014

This study explores how the main variables of youth going through a transition period (parents' nurturing behavior, the youth's self-esteem and ego resilience, the peer group relationships) affect the youth's school adjustment. It also analyzes the effects of theses variables on the youth's dependence on cell phones, which are considered a necessity in modern society. This research is verified by using a structure model verification method based on data from the Korean Children Youth Panel Study. According to the research, first, 1st-year students in middle school show better adjustment to their school life and less dependence on cell phones when they have a stronger sense of self-esteem and ego resilience; further, it is revealed that cell phone dependence has an indirect influence on the school life of these children. Second, they tend to show better adjustment to their school life and less dependence on cell phones when their parents' nurturing behaviors are more positive. Third, these children tend to depend more on cell phones when they have a positive peer group relationship, Moreover, cell phone dependence has an indirect influence on their school life. When considering the impact of cell phone to youth in modern society, need to prepare proper training program for correct uses and preventing from addiction.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.254-262
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the environmental factors affecting childhood obesity using photovoice from the perspectives of students, parents, and teachers in the community. Methods: Six school students, seven parents, and seven school teachers completed an assignment requiring them to take 24 pictures and participate in group discussions. After training session, the participants were asked to take pictures associated with food and physical activity environments related to childhood obesity at home, school, and within their communities for two weeks and to submit the pictures with records. Each group had four sessions for discussion. Results: School cafeteria, convenience stores near schools, instant food and fast food joints, food delivery, and high-calorie snacks comprised the food environmental factors. Lack of physical activity classes at school, commuting by car, barriers to physical activity, and use of smart-phone were environmental factors that inhibited physical activity. Conclusion: To reduce childhood obesity, the creation of a supportive environment for encouraging the consumption of healthy foods and enhancing physical activity should be considered. Modifications of and improvement to the obesogenic environment might be a good strategy to prevent and reduce childhood obesity.