• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.912-916
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• 2008

Pre-slaughter conditions affect poultry meat quality. Therefore, stresses before slaughter like heat stress, struggle and shackling on the shackle line, crating and transport and feed withdrawal are very important for the poultry industry in respect of quality as well as welfare of the birds. However, exposure to heat in oxidative stress can in turn lead to cytotoxicity in meat type birds. Chickens exposed to heat stress before slaughter showed the lowest ultimate pH and birds shackled for a longer time the highest. The abdominal fat content was higher in heat stressed birds. Struggling on the shackle line hastened the initial rate of the pH drop and increased the redness of breast meat. Again, with increasing struggling activity, lactate concentration in breast muscle of chicken increased. Paler meat was found in birds that were transported for a longer time than in those after a small journey or not transported. The pre-slaughter and eviscerated weights were decreased as the length of feed withdrawal period increased.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2024

This study was conducted to investigate the composition of the fatty acids in the breast meat of Red-brown Korean native chickens (KNC-R). This study used a total sample of three hundred eighty-two KNC-R (males: 190, females: 192). We used the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) method to extract the fatty acids. A 2-way ANOVA of the R program was used to assess the effects of batch and sex on each fatty acid trait. Analysis of the fatty acid in the sampled population showed that the predominant fatty acid was oleic acid (C18:1; 28.252%) which is monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), followed by palmitic acid (C16:0; 20.895%), saturated fatty acid (SFA), and two omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFAs): linoleic (C18:2; 15.975%), and arachidonic (C20:4; 10.541%). Indices used to evaluate the nutritional quality of fat in the diet: ratio between PUFAs and SFAs (P/S), thrombogenicity index (TI), and atherogenicity index (AI) were calculated and were 0.959, 0.814, and 0.355, respectively. Currently, meat consumers need healthier fatty acids. Therefore, information on the content of fatty acid in chicken meat is very important for meat consumers in choosing the type of the meat to be consumed.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.265-273
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• 2011

본 연구는 quercetin의 급여가 닭고기 다리육의 냉장저장 중의 품질변화에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실시하였다. 1 일령 Ross 320마리 육계 병아리를 8 처리구로 나누어 대조구(CONTROL), 항생제 처리구(AB), vitamin E 20 ppm 처리구(VE 20), vitamin E 200 ppm 처리구(VE200), quercetin 20 ppm(QC 20), quercetin 200 ppm(QC 200), methoxylated quercetin 20 ppm(MQ 20), methoxylated quercetin 200 ppm(MQ 200) 처리구로 나누어 35일간 급여하였다. 급여 후 36일째 도계하여 다리육만 분리하였고, 0, 3, 7일 냉장 저장 기간 동안의 pH, 보수력, 육색, 관능적 특성을 조사하였다. 저장 0일에 AB, VE 20, QC 20, MQ 200 처리구의 pH는 대조구에 비해 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 저장 3일에는 VE 200과 QC 20에서 대조구보다 높은 pH값을 나타내었다(p<0.05). 닭다리육의 명도($L^*$)값은 도계 직후 MQ 20에서 가장 낮은 값을 보였으나, $a^*$값은 저장 3일까지 QC 20 처리구가 대조구에 비해 유의적으로 높은 수준을 나타내었다. 저장 3일의 $b^*$값도 QC 20 처리구에서 낮은 수준을 나타내어 QC 20이 육색에 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단된다. 보수력은 저장 3일에 QC 200 처리구에서 대조구보다 유의적으로 높은 수준을 나타내었다. 관능적 특성 중 연도는 MQ 200 처리구에서 대조구와 QC 20 및 MQ 20 처리구에 비해 높은 수준을 나타내었다(p<0.05). 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 quercetin은 닭 다리육의 색도 및 관능적 특성에 부정적으로 영향하지 않으면서도 보수력과 연도를 증진시키기 위한 육계 사료 첨가제로서 이용 가능성이 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.953-961
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• 2023

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of dorsal cranial myopathy (DCM) on chicken meat quality. Methods: Sixty-six Ross 308 AP broilers, 47 days old, of both sexes, weighing about 3.51 kg, were slaughtered according to standard industrial practices, and evaluated for meat color, pH, chemical composition, collagen content, fatty acid profile, and histopathological parameters. Comparisons between normal and DCM-affected meat were performed using Student's t-test at the 5% significance level. Results: Histological analysis of muscle tissues affected by DCM showed myofiber degeneration, proliferation of inflammatory cells, fibroplasia, and necrosis with fibrosis. DCM samples had lower protein content and higher moisture, ash, insoluble collagen, total collagen, and pH. DCM-affected meat was redder and more yellowish. There were no differences in lipid or soluble collagen contents between groups. DCM-affected meat had higher percentages of arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n-3). Conclusion: This study revealed that DCM-affected meat exhibits considerable changes in quality parameters.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.884-891
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• 2021

The study aimed to evaluate pork loin quality after short-term (ten-day) storage in a supercooling refrigerator. Pork loin samples were stored for 10 days in a traditional refrigerator (control) and a commercially available supercooling refrigerator (SC). Pork quality measurements included meat pH, meat color, water holding capacity (drip loss and cooking loss), tenderness (hardness), and a sensory evaluation. Temperature changes of 0.45 ± 0.2℃ and 0.02 ± 0.25℃ occurred in the control and the SC, respectively, during 10 days of storage. The temperature in the SC chamber did not remain below freezing point, failing to meet expectations. Regarding the pork quality measurements, only the drip losses in the control and the SC were significantly different (4.45% vs. 2.59%, p < 0.01) after 10 days of storage. There were no significant differences between the two types of refrigerator in terms of the other measurements. Additionally, the overall acceptability of the pork loin did not vary significantly between the control and the SC when the sensory evaluation was performed. Therefore, a commercial SC could prove beneficial in terms of water holding capacity during the short-term storage of meat. Further research should be performed to evaluate quality changes that occur during long-term storage of meat in SC s and evaluate a wide range of meat, such as beef and chicken.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.307-314
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• 2015

In this study, we evaluated the effects of dietary fiber extracted from Algelica keiskei Koidz on the chemical composition, cooking characteristics, and sensory properties of chicken patties. The chicken patties with Algelica keiskei Koidz dietary fiber had significantly higher moisture and ash content, and yellowness than the control sample (p<0.05). Energy value, cooking loss, reduction in diameter, reduction in thickness, lightness, redness, hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness of the control samples was significantly higher than chicken patties with Algelica keiskei Koidz dietary fiber (p<0.05). The sensory evaluation indicated that the greatest overall acceptability in chicken patties was achieved at Algelica keiskei Koidz dietary fiber levels of 1% and 2%. Chicken patties supplemented with 2% Algelica keiskei Koidz dietary fiber had improved quality characteristics.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.1957-1966
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• 2022

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the difference in the thigh meat quality of Ross 308 broiler from conventional and welfare farms. Methods: Thigh meat samples of Ross 308 broilers (age, 35 d; carcass weight, 1.1 kg) from conventional farm (RCF, n = 60) and animal welfare farms (RAWF, n = 60) were analyzed. Proximate composition, pH, color (lightness, redness, and yellowness), water-holding capacity (WHC), shear force, total aerobic bacteria (TAB), and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) were measured and the levels of bioactive compounds such as dipeptides (anserine and carnosine), creatine, creatinine, and their anti-oxidation activity were determined. Results: The RCF and RAWF did not differ significantly in their proximate composition, WHC, color, and creatine and carnosine levels. The pH value was significantly lower in RAWF than in RCF on day 7. The shear force value was significantly higher in RAWF than in RCF throughout the storage duration. TAB in RCF on day 9 were significantly higher than those in RAWF. The VBN content of RAWF was significantly lower than that of RCF after 5 days of storage. Creatinine content was significantly higher in RAWF (3.50 mg/100 g) than in RCF (3.08 mg/100 g) on day 1. Along with higher carnosine and anserine contents of RAWF, it had significantly higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activities than those of RCF. Conclusion: These results imply that the animal welfare farming system beneficially affects the overall oxidative stability of Ross 308 thigh meat.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.869-882
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• 2021

Sodium chloride (NaCl) replacement with calcium chloride (CaCl₂) effect on protein solubility, proteolytic enzyme and quality characteristics of a chicken soup prepared from spent hen (SH) chicken were investigated. By means of immerse marination prior to cooking, a total of 60 skinless SH breast meat were randomly allocated into ten groups admitted to treatments with marinade solution containing sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) and reduced percentage of NaCl with CaCl₂ at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% at 4±2℃ for 20 h. STPP was adjusted to 0.5% for all treatments and NaCl replacement at 0% was used as control. The different methods, particularly boiling at 100℃ and retorting at 121℃, 1.5 kgf/cm² for 60 minutes, were applied following marination. An upregulation of cathepsin-B and caspase-3 enzymes were a consequences from a higher percentage of CaCl₂ within meat environment. Accordingly, modified the protein solubility in particular the myofibrillar and total protein solubility. In addition, a significant increase in water holding capacity (WHC), pH value, myofibril fragmentation index (MFI), and moisture content was obtained due to salt replacement (p<0.05). Limited effect was observed for shear force value, collagen content and cooking yield. Eventually, this study implied that although protelytic enzyme and protein solubility was upregulated by the replacement of NaCl with CaCl₂ at >75%, extensive effect on texture properties was not observed. Therefore, NaCl replacement at 75% could be a promising strategy for quality improvement of SH chicken soup.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2018

본 연구는 레몬즙과 크랜베리즙에 닭 다리육을 침지하여 저장성 증진 및 품질에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 실시하였다. 처리구는 닭 다리육을 멸균수에 침지한 대조구(CON), 1% 레몬즙에 침지한 처리구(LJ), 1% 크랜베리즙에 침지한 처리구(CJ), 0.5% 레몬즙과 0.5% 크랜베리즙을 혼합하여 침지한 처리구(LCJ)이었다. 닭 다리육을 레몬즙과 크랜베리즙에 20분간 침지시킨 후 $4{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ 냉장실에서 0, 3, 6, 9일 동안 저장하면서 pH, 총균수, 육색, 관능적 특성, 지방산패도, 휘발성 염기태질소, 전자코를 이용하여 향기패턴의 변화를 분석하였다. 저장 3일차부터 모든 처리구는 대조구보다 유의적으로(P<0.05) 낮은 총균수를 나타내었으며, 또한 종합적 기호도는 저장 3일차부터 대조구보다 유의적으로(P<0.05) 높은 점수를 나타내었다. 또한 지방산패도와 휘발성 염기태 질소 함량도 저장 3일차부터 처리구가 대조구보다 유의적으로 낮은 값을 나타내어 레몬즙과 크랜베리즙의 처리가 저장기간 동안 닭 다리육의 부패를 억제시킨 것으로 사료되며 이는 저장 3일차부터 처리구의 분포가 대조구와 구분되는 전자코 향기분석 결과와 유사하였다. 결과적으로 1% 천연 레몬즙과 크랜베리즙의 처리는 저장기간 동안 닭 다리육의 지방 산패와 단백질 부패를 억제하여 관능적인 특성의 감소를 지연시켜 저장 품질을 향상시키는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.145-151
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• 1987

식육을 장기저장 할 때 발생되는 단백질의 변성과 해동시 육량감소를 줄이기 위한 방법의 하나로써 최적동결방법을 모색하고자 동결속도에 따른 저장중 닭고기의 물리화학적 변화를 조사한 결과 동결속도가 빠를수록 pH증가가 지연되어 장기보존의 가능성을 보였다. TBA가 및 유리지방산 생성율은 저장기간이 길어짐에 따라 증가하는 추세를 보이고 있으나 부위육의 종류에 따라 동결속도의 영향이 다르게 나타나고 있다. 그러나 단백질추출성을 비교할 때 염용성단백질과 수용성단백질의 추출성은 부위육의 종류에 관계없이 3cm/hr이상의 동결속도에서 저장기간 중 추출성이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 이러한 경향은 다리살 보다 가슴살의 추출성이 더욱 높게 유지되고 있다. 이상의 결과에서 송풍동결기를 이용하여 닭고기를 동결시킬 경우 3cm/hr이상의 동결속도로 동결시켜 냉동저장 할 때 좋은 품질의 냉동육을 얻을 수 있는 것으로 판단되었다.