• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.591-594
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• 2009

10 주령의 육계 종계가 급성으로 폐사 하였다. 치사율은 20 수/계사/일 이상 이었고 사육환경은 평사였다. 분변검사에서 맹장 및 장으로부터 기생충은 검출되지 않았으며, 부검 소견에서 장간막과 장조직의 유착을 동반한 섬유소성 염증이 관찰되었다. 또한, 맹장의 충 출혈을 동반한 종대, 확장 및 비후가 관찰되었으며, 맹장의 내강에서 염증성 삼출물에 의한 단단한 치즈양 core가 관찰되었다. 간의 육안소견에서는 원형의 융기된 괴사 반점이 관찰되었다. 광학 및 전자현미경을 통하여 전형적인 칠면조편모충이 간조직에서 관찰되었으나 장점막에서는 관찰되지 않았다. 한편, 본 예에서 흑두병을 매개하는 닭맹장충을 부검 및 생존한 닭에서 관찰할 수 없었으며 계사의 토양에서 지렁이를 전혀 관찰할 수 없었다. 따라서 본 증례는 닭에서 매개체 없이 칠면조편모충이 직접전파에 의해 감염된 사례로 판단된다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2006

In this study, antimicrobial activity of oriental herbal medicine extract (OHME) was tested for some organisms and the preventive effects of OHME for the colonization of Campylobacter jejuni on epithelium of small intestine were examined in Korean native broiler chickens fed a forage added 1.0% OHME. The isolated Campylobacter spp were biotyped, serotyped and the susceptiblility of isolates to antimicrobial agent were examined. The growth of Staphylococcus aureus was inhibited in 0.25% OHME. C. jejuni and C. coli were inhibited in 0.1% OHME, and Salmonella spp, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Escheichia coli 0157 were inhibited in 2.0% OHME. For the application of forage added 1.0% OHME in broiler chicken farm, the frequency of Campylobacter spp from feces, liver and spleen sample of chickens were examined during 2 weeks interval. The frequence of Campylobacter spp in feces from chickens fed assorted forage (control group) was increased from 25% in first week to 75% in seventh week. But the frequence of Campylobacter spp in feces sample from chickens 134 forage added OHME was slightly reduced from 25% in first week to 15% in seventh week. The frequence of Campylobacter spp in liver, and spleen was 13.7% and 10% respectively after seventh week in control group, but the Campylobacter spp was not isolated after fifth week in live and spleen from chickens fed forage added OHME. Isolated 56 strains of thermophilic Campyiobacter from Korean native chickens was classified as C. jejuni (76.7%), C. coli (214%) and C. laridis (1.6%). The majority of 43 isolates of C. jejuni was classified on biotype I (60.4%), II (30.2%). Most of 12 isolates of C.coli were biotype I (83.3%). Isolated 31 strains C. jejuni of showed 11 different serotype, and serotype 36 (18.6%), 17 (13.9%)were most frequent. Isolated 10 strains of C. coli showed 5 different serotypes and serotype 31 (33.3%) and 21 (25%) were relatively common. Isolated Campylobacter spp were highly susceptible to nalidixic acid, amikacin, gentamicin, colistin and chloramphenucol.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2019

본 연구는 사료 내 첨가된 봉독이 육계의 혈청 성분, 항산화능 및 간 내 지방산 조성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 수행하였다. Ross 308 1일령 육용종 수평아리를 공시하여, 5개의 처리에 7 반복으로 반복 당 25수씩, 총 875수를 완전임의배치하여 실험을 진행하였다. 기초사료는 옥수수 및 대두박 위주의 사료를 사용하였으며, 정제 봉독을 기초사료에 $10{\mu}/kg$, $50{\mu}/kg$, $100{\mu}/kg$, $500{\mu}/kg$ 수준으로 첨가하여 5주간 급여하였다. 실험 21일차에 펜당 1수의 육계를 $CO_2$가스로 안락사시킨 뒤 혈액 샘플을 채취하여 혈액지표와 항산화능을 측정하였다. 또한, 간 샘플을 채취하여 간 내 malonaldehyde 함량과 지방산 조성을 분석하였다. 사료 내 봉독 첨가는 triglyceride와 NEFA를 제외한 나머지 혈청 성분에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 봉독 첨가 수준이 증가할수록 간 내 지방산의 불포화 지방산(palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, 그리고 linoleic acid)은 감소하였으나(quadratic, P<0.05), 간 내 stearic acid 함량은 반대로 증가하였다. 마지막으로 간 내 MDA 함량은 봉독 첨가 수준이 증가할수록 감소하였다. 본 연구에서 육계 사료 내 봉독 첨가는 항산화능을 높이고, 지방산 대사에 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.65-71
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• 1990

Rabbits were experimentally infected with rabbit hemorrhagic disease virs and the viral pathogenicity, hemagglutinability, and the effect of physicochemical factors were studied. The experimental results were summariaed as follows: 1. Mean rectal temperature of 11 infected rabbits was $40.0{\pm}0.47^{\circ}C$ prior to the virus inoculation, and $39.9{\pm}0.75^{\circ}C$ after 12hrs., $40.2{\pm}0.65^{\circ}C$ after 24hrs., $40.1{\pm}0.77^{\circ}C$ after 36hurs, and $40.6{\pm}0.56^{\circ}C$ just before the death. 2. Mean death time of infected rabbits was $40.3{\pm}22.0$ honrs and its range was 24 to 93 hours. 3. O, B, AB and A type of human erythrocytes were shown their HA in the order, but rabbit and chicken erythrocytes were not hemagglutinated by the virus. 4. In the hemagglutination, less than 0.25 per cent of a final concentration of erythrocytes and 0.2 per cent of BSA in PBS resulted in the best hemagglutination. Phosphate concentration in a range of 0.01M to 0.10M in PBS was not influenced on the hemagglutination reaction, and its pH 7.0 resulted in a better HA. 5. The hemagglutinating titers, in log 2 scale, of organs and tissues of the virus infected rabbits were $9.3{\pm}3.8$ (liver), $9.1{\pm}3.9$ (blood), $6.2{\pm}2.6$ (spleen) and $5.0{\pm}2.5$ (kidney). 6. The physicochemical factors such as heating ($50^{\circ}C$, 10 min.), trypsin treatment (0.05 pre cent, 5 min.), acid treatment (pH 3.0, 20 min.) and ether extraction (3 times) were not affective to the stability of virus and viral HA activities.

• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가금학회 2004년도 제21차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.95-96
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• 2004

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of feather meal (FM its) digests on the performance of broiler chicks and taurine content in broiler meat. A total of 1,000 broiler chickens were assigned to five dietary treatments : Control, FM diet(FM), FM+pyridoxine(FM+Pyridox), H$_2$O$_2$ treated FM diet(H$_2$O$_2$-FM) and enzyme treated FM diet (Enzyme-FM). Treated diets were supplemented with FM or FM digests at the level of 5 % to the control diet. During the stater period, weight gain of chicks fed FM+Pyridox was significantly higher(P<0.05) than those of the other FM or FM digest treatments but was not different from the control. Weight gam of overall period were not significantly different among treatments. Feed intake of the control was greater than that of FM or FM digest treatments. Feed conversion ratio(feed intake/gain) of chicks fed FM and H$_2$O$_2$-FM were significantly higher than those of Enzyme-FM and FM+Pyridox, but were not significantly different from the control. Taurine contents of leg and breast mucle were significantly (P<0.01) different among treatments but those of liver were not significantly different. Taurine content of FM+Pyridox was highest in both leg and breast muscle. It was 85 % higher in leg muscle and 15 % higher in breast muscle than that of the control. Sensory evaluation data showed significant but not consistant responses in various parameters. FM + Pyridox treatment showed highest score in aroma of raw leg muscle of male and in juiciness and tenderness of broiled breast muscle of male chickens. Control group showed highest color score in raw leg muscle of female and lowest overall acceptability score in broiled breast and leg muscle of male chicken. It is concluded that taurine can be enriched especially in broiler leg meat by 5 % FM diet supplemented with pyridoxine.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.93-99
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• 1993

This study was conducted to investigate the cause of a new duck disease occured in southern part of Korea. A meat type duck farm located in Kangjin, Chonnam Province had experienced outbreaks of septicemic disease at around 20 days of age in nearly every batch of ducklings from early spring to early summer in 1989. Main symptoms of the birds were eye and nasal discharge, depression, inappetence, diarrhea and nervous signs such as tremor and ataxia. Some birds died suddenly without any signs. Mortality reached from 20% to 80% in severe cases. The autopsy findings of the affected ducklings revealed consistantly severe airsacculitis, fibropericarditis, perihepatitis and occasionaly enteritis and distended ureter with urate deposit. A rod shaped gram-negative bacterium was isolated purely from brain and liver of the diseased ducks by culturing the specimens on blood agar for 48 hours in candle jar. The isolate neither produced hemolysis nor grew on MacConKey Agar. It formed colony relatively slowly being recognizable at least 36 hours after culturing, reaching colony size of about 1mm in diameter at 48 hours culture. The colony looked iridescent under oblique light and had muddy odor. The isolate did not ferment carbohydrates tested but produced gelatinase, hippuricase and oxidase which were considered as characteristics of P anatipestifer. The isolate induced similar signs and lesions when infected experimentally into ducks of 3 to 38 days age via intraperitoneum or intratrachea. However it did not produce any clinical signs wen inoculated via intranasal route. It produced only mild signs in chicken just injected with a very large dose. The bacteria did not produce any signas or lesions in mice. It was concluded through biochemical and physiological tests and animal inoculation tests that the new disease was caused by P anatipestifer.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.1479-1485
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• 2008

Two completely randomized block design experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of gamma irradiation processing of canola meal on performance parameters of broiler chicks (Ross 308) and protein quality of canola meal. Protein efficiency ratio (PER) and net protein ratio (NPR) were measured as indices of canola meal protein quality. Samples of canola meal were tested for nutritional value after being irradiated at dose levels 10, 20 and 30 kGy. Glucosinolate content was reduced 40, 70 and 89 percent at irradiation dose levels of 10, 20 and 30 kGy respectively (p<0.01). Percent of erucic acid in total fatty acid content increased 44, 58 and 48% as a function of radiation dose (p<0.01). Dose levels did not affect feed conversion ratio (FCR) and body weight gain of chicks (p>0.05). Liver weight was decreased by irradiation dose (p<0.05). The same trend was observed for kidney weights, but this trend was not significant (p>0.05). Gamma irradiation processing of canola meal had no significant effect on $T_3$ level in blood of chickens that consumed canola meal, but $T_4$ level of chicken blood at the 30 kGy dose decreased significantly (p<0.05). PER and NPR were not affected by radiation dose level (p>0.05). Gamma irradiation seems to be a good procedure to improve the nutritional quality of canola meal.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.903-909
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• 2003

For the last two decades, energy utilization of growing chicks has been studied more and more. This paper focuses on the energy utilization estimated by the metabolizable energy (ME) values and the efficiency at which ME is used for growth of chicks under various nutritional environment. Degree of saturation of dietary fats is responsible for nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) of fats. The effect of dietary fat sources on heat production depends on the kind of unsaturated fatty acids as well as the degree of saturation. Medium chain triglyceride shows lower AME and net energy than long chain triglyceride. Phytase as feed additives increases the AME values of the diet along with improvement of the phosphorous utilization. Ostriches have higher ability to metabolize the energy of fiber-rich foodstuffs than fowls. Their higher ability seems to be associated with fermentation of fiber in the hindgut. Proportions of macronutrients in the diets have influenced not only the gain of body protein and energy but also the oxidative phosphorylation of the chicken liver. Essential amino acids deficiency reduces ME/GE (energy metabolizability) little, if any. Growing chicks respond to a deficiency of single essential amino acids with the reduction of energy retained as protein and increased energy retained as fat. Thus, energy retention is proportional to ME intake despite deficiency, and efficiency of ME utilization is not affected by deficiency of amino acids. Effect of oral administration of clenbuterol, a beta-adrenergic agonist, on the utilization of ME varies with the dose of the agents. Although the heat production related to eating behavior has been estimated less than 5% of ME, tube-feeding diets decreases HI by about 30%.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2016

조선시대 의궤 16책에 수록되어 있는 궁중음식 중 전유화(煎油花)에 대하여 문헌 고찰하였다. 조선왕조 궁중음식의 전유화는 주재료에 따라 분석한 결과 수어 & 생선이 16.0%로 가장 높았고, 간과 양이 각각 14.2%, 해삼 12.3%, 게(蟹: 해) 생합 천엽이 각각 4.7%, 돼지고기(저육) 낙지(락제) 각각 3.9%, 굴(석화) 꿩(생치) 닭(계) 각각 2.8%, 민어 골이 각각 2.0%, 오리(鴨子: 압자) 산비둘기(山鳩: 산구) 도비(都飛) 도미 백어 홍합 해란 메추리(순조) 계란 실임자 각각 0.9%순으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 전유화(煎油花)에 대한 새로운 조명과 메뉴개발을 통해 한식의 세계화에 기여하기 위한 기초 자료로 활용되기를 바란다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.135-139
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• 1994

1992-1993년 호남지방의 4개 양계장에서 처음으로 닭의 Leucocytozoon caulleryi 자연감염증을 보이는 87수를 검색하였는데, 임상증세와 혈액내 merozoite 및 gametocyte 검출 그리고 내장기관으로부터 schizont의 발견으로 본 질병을 확증할 수 있었다. 본 감염증은 일년 중 6월 하순부터 9월 중순까지에 발견되었으며, 자연감염된 혈액(merozoite포함)을 미감염된 닭에 접종하여 인공감염상을 볼 수 있었다. 자연감염후 회복된 닭중 1수는 12월에 간에서, 또 다른 1수는 다음해 2월에 심장 근육에서 schizont가 발견되어 본 감염증의 재발이나 동절기를 지나는 장기간 감염 가능성을 보여 주었다. 본 원충의 gametocyte 추출물에서 특이 항원 항체 반응을 보이는 polypeptide는 50.1kD이었다.