• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 1981

Radioactive phosphorus(P-32) was injected to the chicken in the purpose of determination of the uptake and distribution, as related to sex and hour differences of the various organs of the body. $2{\mu}Ci$ of P-32 were injected to each chicken and the distribution of P-32 was observed at 1 hr, 6 hrs, 12 hrs, 24 hrs and 48 hrs after injection. In this experiment 34 heads of chicken were used(30 chicken for P-32, 4 chicken for control group) and the results obtained as follows: 1. The uptake of P-32 per gram of various organ in g. mm, femur(1 hr), liver, femur, tibia(24 hrs) and tibia(48 hrs) exhibited higher in the male than the female. 2. The uptake of P-32 per gram of various organ in heart, kidney, ovary(1 hr), kidney, brain(24 hrs) and kidney(48 hrs)exhibited higher in the female than the male. 3. The uptake ratio of brain, spleen, g. mm and tibia were increased gradually by the 12 hrs after injection of P-32, but decreased in liver, heart and kidney by the 24 hrs. 4. The uptake ratio of the femur was increased gradually by the 24 hrs, but testis and ovary was increased after 24 hrs. 5. The organs showed an uptake of P-32 per gram of various organ, with the following sequence : femur, tibia, testis or ovary, spleen, liver, kidney, heart, g. mm and brain.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 1994

This study was carried out to determine the sulfamethazine residues in liver and kidney of chickens. For this experiment total 80 samples of livers and kidneys were collected at random 4 points(east area 2, west area 2) meat markets in Kyong-nam area 2 and were analysed by HPLC system. The results were as follows : 1. The average concentration of sulfamethazine residues in liver and kidney were 0.056 ppm and 0.035 ppm, respectively, the sulfamethazine residues in chicken tissue was higher in liver than kidney. 2. The sulfamethazine residues of livers were exceed 0.1 ppm in three samples and no samples were exceed than 0.1 ppm in kidney. 3. No sulfamethazine residues in liver and kidney were 14 and 25 samples respectively.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.187-194
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• 2005

Telomeres locate at the end of chromosomes and consist of a tandem repeat sequence of $(TIAGGG)^{n}$ and associated proteins. Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein which act as a template for the synthesis of telomeric DNA. Telomeres are essential for chromosome stability and are related with cell senescence, apoptosis and cancer. This study was carried out to analyze the amount of telomeres and telomerase activity of chicken cells during embryonic and developmental stages. The whole embryos and prenatal tissues such as brain, heart, liver, kidney and testis at different developmental stages were obtained from Korean Native Chicken. The amount of telomeres on embryonic cells was analyzed by quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (Q-FISH) techniques using the chicken telomeric DNA probe. Telomerase activity was measured by telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay. Results indicated that the amounts of telomeric DNA on the most embryonic cells were gradually decreased during ontogenesis. Furthermore, the quantity of telomeres was quite different among embryonic tissues according to developmental origin. The relative amount of telomeres has more in regenerative cells such as embryonic disc and testicular cells than in non-regenerative cells such as liver, brain, heart and kidney cells. Telomerase activity was also highly detectable in most chicken cells at early embryonic stages. After 9 days of incubation, however, the telomerase activitie W

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.670-679
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• 2021

Objective: Glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9) is a uric acid transporter that is associated with uric absorption in mice and humans; but it is unknown whether GLUT9 involves in chicken uric acid regulation. This experiment aimed to investigate the chicken GLUT9 expression and serum uric acid (SUA) level. Methods: Sixty chickens were divided into 4 groups (n = 15): a control group (NC); a sulfonamide-treated group (SD) supplemented with sulfamonomethoxine sodium via drinking water (8 mg/L); a fishmeal group (FM) supplemented with 16% fishmeal in diet; and a uric acid-injection group (IU), where uric acid (250 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected once a day. The serum was collected weekly to detect the SUA level. Liver, kidney, jejunum, and ileum tissues were collected to detect the GLUT9 mRNA and protein expression. Results: The results showed in the SD and IU groups, the SUA level increased and GLUT9 expression increased in the liver, but decreased in the kidney, jejunum, and ileum. In the FM group, the SUA level decreased slightly and GLUT9 expression increased in the kidney, but decreased in the liver, jejunum, and ileum. Correlation analysis revealed that liver GLUT9 expression correlated positively, and renal GLUT9 expression correlated negatively with the SUA level. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that there may be a feedback regulation of GLUT9 in the chicken liver and kidney to maintain the SUA balance; however, the underlying mechanism needs to be investigated in future studies.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2010

There are several immunosuppressive viral diseases in chickens such as avian adenovirus (AAV), chicken anemia virus (CAV), infectious bursal disease (IBD) and Marek's disease (MD). In this study, we have investigated two broiler chicken farms suffered from high mortality in Jeonbuk in July to August 2009. Clinically high fever and growth retardation were observed in the diseased chicken. In necropsy, the hemorrhages in thigh leg and thymus, hemorrhages and enlargement of liver, kidney and proventriculus, and yellowish fluid in heart were seen. Histologically, necrotic foci and basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies of hepatocytes, hemorrhages and infiltrated lymphocytes in kidney and proventriculus were observed. By using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the genes of avian adenovirus, CAV and ND virus were detected in specimens. We suggested that these coinfection cases with high mortality were due to primarily infection of immunosuppressive diseases such as avian adenovirus, CAV, followed by secondary infection of Newcastle disease (ND) virus.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.138-139
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• 2003

Specific biomarkers to detect significant immunological or physiological responses would be extremely valuable on the development of feeding technique. Proteomics, the study of proteins within a cell or biological samples, may offer a novel approach to immunological or physiological monitoring of chicken responses to immune system. By studying the protein content of cells responding to a vaccine or growth factor, it may be possible to develop a metric for quantitating the magnitude of immunological or physiological responses. Proteomics could also provide a tool for obtaining valuable information regarding the underlying regulatory mechanisms and pathways in Korean Native Chicken by comparing with subspecies of KNC and other species, like Cornish and White Leghorns.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 1994

Four sulfoanmides ; sulfamerazine ; sulfamethazine, sulfathiazole and sulfadimethoxine from muscle, kindney, liver and heart tissues of pork and chicken by LC. Residual sulfonamides were extracted with dichloromethane and determined on a Sperisorb ODS-1 column(250mm$\times$4.6mm id) with acetonitrile/water/acetic acid (30/70/0.3 v/v) as a mobile phase at 260nm. Recoveries from 4 tissues of pork and chicken samples fortified with 50 and 100 ppb were 71.2~87.2% and 73.7~89.6%, respectively. The detection limit was 0.03 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g in each drug. Sulfamethazine in 5 samples of pork. And sulfadimethoxine in 5 samples and sulfamethazine in 3 samples were also detected from 41 samples of chicken. The order of residue levels of sulfonamides in tissues was kidney>liver>heart>muscle, respectively. The residue levels of sulfonamides from kidney and liver were 0.03~0.15 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g in porks and 0.03~0.10 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g in chickens.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.16-18
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• 2004

This study was carried out to analyze the amount of telomeres and telomerase activity of several chicken cells. Telomere quantity and telomerase activity were analyzed during organ development, growth and aging in embryonic and adults chicken. Analyzed cells were whole embryos and the cells from brain, heart, liver, kidney, lymphocytes and germinal tissues in Korean Native Chicken. The amount of telomeric DNA was analyzed by quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (Q-FISH) techniques using a chicken telomere repeat probe. Telomerase activity was performed by Telomeric Repeat Amplification Protocol (TRAP) assay. In results, telomerase activity was highly detectable in early embryonic cells, germinal cells and kidney cells. Whereas the cells from brain, heart, and liver had gradually down-regulated pattern of telomerase activity. Analyzing the telomere quantities on chicken cells, the amount of telomeric DNA of most chicken cells gradually decreased as growth. From these results, the amount of telomeric DNA was directly affected by telomerase activity. Consequently the telomere quantity and telomerase activity are closely relate to cell differentiation and tissue specificity during developmental and growing stages.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.221-225
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• 1994

This survey was carried out to determine five sulfonamide(sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamonomethoxine, sulfaquinoxaline) residues in beef, pork, chicken and swine kidney. For this survey, 30 samples of beef, 15 samples of chicken, 10 samples of pork and 10 samples of swine kidney were collected in Chonnam from June, 1992 to June, 1993, and were analyzed by HPLC. The recoveries of sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine, sulfamonomethoxine, sulfadimethoxine, and sulfaquinoxaline in spiked samples between $0.25{\sim}1.00$ ppm were 71.7%, 80.3%, 71.6%, 70.9%, 68.4%, respectively. None of 65 samples which were examined exceeded 0.1 ppm. Of 15 chicken muscle samples, 2 samples exceeded 0.05 ppm in sulfamerazine (0.077 ppm) and sulfamethazine (0.075 ppm), respectively. Of 10 swine kidney samples, 1 sample exceeded 0.05 ppm in sulfadimethoxine (0.052 ppm). And sulfanilamide concentration of swine kidney were higher than pork.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.457-463
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• 1994

Insulin-like growth factor-I(IGF-I) plays an important role in the regulation of mammalian and poultry growth. IGF-I has many actions in different tissues, which include metabolic, mitogenic, and differentiative actions. IGF-I induces insulin-like effects - such as increased cell glucose uptake and glycogen sysnthesis, however several physiological actions of IGF-I may not have been identified yet. In order to investigate the effect on growth in broiler chicken treated with exogenous insulin-like growth factor-I, 30 chickens were injected $50{\mu}g$ reconbinant human IGF- I (rhIGF- I ) per kg body weight as experimental group and 30 ckickens saline subcutanously as control, 3 times according to ages from 2 to 35 days. We established radioimmunoassay method by which we can measure chicken IGF- I (cIGF- I ) as in rhIGF- I assay. The results obtained were as follows; 1) The dilution curve showed in parallelism between rhIGF- I and cIGF- I in the Sep-pak $C_{18}$ cartridge plasma extracts. 2) The body weight of broiler chicken were significantly increased at 31 days($1,176.50{\pm}99.79g$) and 35 days($1,252.84{\pm}125.21g$) of age in treatment groups, compared with control group($1,011.88{\pm}40.22g,\;1,111.32{\pm}153.67g$). The liver and kidney weights on 35 days$(35.24{\pm}5.18g,\;11.05{\pm}1.47g)$ were significantly higher in rhIGF- I treated group than control group($30.95{\pm}4.04g,\;10.01{\pm}1.60g$) 3) The plasma concentration of IGF- l and total protein in rhIGF- I treated group were $58.17{\pm}1.69ng/ml$, $3.75{\pm}0.62g/dl$ respectively compared with control group $45.70{\pm}1.64ng/ml$, $2.32{\pm}0.53g/dl$. The results suggest that exogenous rhIGF- I increased total body weight, liver and kidney weights in broiler chicken, and it may increase IGF- I and total protein concentration in serum.