• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.155-161
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• 2011

In this study, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence polymorphism was used to assess genetic diversity of nine Vietnamese local chicken breeds. In addition, two Chinese breeds kept in Vietnam were included in the analysis for comparison. A 455-bp fragment of the mtDNA D-loop region was sequenced in 222 chickens of these 11 breeds. As reference, a skeleton was constructed based on chicken mtDNA sequences taken from the Genbank. Haplotypes of the nine Vietnamese local and two Chinese breeds were aligned together with these sequences. The Vietnamese and Chinese breeds showed a high degree of variability. In total, 37 haplotypes were identified in the chicken breeds studied forming eight clades. Thereby, the majority of individuals of the two Chinese breeds grouped together in one clade which is assumed to have its roots in the Indian subcontinent. Although the Vietnamese chicken breeds were distributed across all eight clades, most of them clustered in three main clades. These results suggest that the Vietnamese domestic chickens have originated from multiple maternal lineages, presumably from Yunnan and adjacent areas in China, South and Southwest China and/or surrounding regions (i.e. Vietnam, Burma, Thailand, and India).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.782-787
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• 2015

The myogenic regulatory factors is a family of transcription factors that play a key role in the development of skeletal muscle fibers, which are the main factors to affect the meat taste and texture. In the present study, we performed candidate gene analysis to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the MyoD, Myf5, MyoG, and Mrf4 genes using polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism in 360 Erlang Mountain Chickens from three different housing systems (cage, pen, and free-range). The general linear model procedure was used to estimate the statistical significance of association between combined genotypes and muscle fiber traits of chickens. Two polymorphisms (g.39928301T>G and g.11579368C>T) were detected in the Mrf4 and MyoD gene, respectively. The diameters of thigh and pectoralis muscle fibers were higher in birds with the combined genotypes of GG-TT and TTCT (p<0.05). Moreover, the interaction between housing system and combined genotypes has no significant effect on the traits of muscle fiber (p>0.05). Our findings suggest that the combined genotypes of TT-CT and GG-TT might be advantageous for muscle fiber traits, and could be the potential genetic markers for breeding program in Erlang Mountain Chickens.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2024

A broiler farm in Jeonbuk province experienced high mortality due to decreased feed intake and poor growth, and pathological evaluation of 11- and 17-day-old broilers was performed, which led to the diagnosis of runting-stunting syndrome. From the start of the rearing period to shipment, 18.4% of the chickens in the three barns experiencing continuous culling and mortality were affected, compared to 7.7% in the other five barns. Gross findings on the 11-day-old broiler chicken revealed proventricular dilatation and hemorrhage, intestinal hemorrhage, urate deposition in the pericardium and renal tubule, nephropathy, and mild hepatic capsulitis. Similar proventricular dilatation and hemorrhage were observed in the 17-day-old broiler chickens. In addition, hepatitis and pericarditis were observed with the progression of secondary bacterial infection, and pathogenic Escherichia coli was isolated from these lesions. As a result of PCR, Newcastle disease virus, fowl adenovirus, chicken anemia virus and Marek's disease virus were not detected in the all tissue samples. In contrast, infectious bronchitis virus was detected in the proventriculus, kidney and cecal tonsil. chicken astrovirus was detected in the intestine, cecal tonsil and bursa of Fabricius, and chicken parvovirus was detected in proventriculus, intestine, cecal tonsil and bursa of Fabricius. By sharing the diagnostic process of a case of malabsorption syndrome through this case report, we hope that it can be widely utilized in the diagnostic process of livestock disease pathognomonic institutions.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.73-79
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• 1999

The poultry industry in Korean has expanded considerably during the last 15 years. While the number of chicken farms of commercial scale has decreased steadily during the period average farm size increased rapidly. Though the gross national product per capita increased 4.5 folds during ten years period, consumption of chicken meat, like other meats, recorded only 2 folds increase during the period. When domestic market for chicken meat had been open for two years on the basis of minimum market access quotas, importation remained at levels below the quota during the first one and half years. Nevertheless, during the last six months and thereafter, chicken meat importation recorded a steep increase, threatening the domestic industry. Poor productivities of the commercial chicken farms might be the main cause for the inferior competitiveness. For the sustainability of the industry some suggestions were made.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.17-20
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• 2001

The effect of chicken IGF-I on protein synthesis of chicken embryo myoblasts cultured in serum-free medium was examined. When myoblasts were expanded to approximate 20-30% of well, the medium was changed to the serum-free medium including 0, 2, 20, 200 or 2000 ng/ml of recombinant chicken IGF-I. The culture medium including 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) was used as positive control. After 1 day of incubation, protein synthesis was measured by the incorporation of [$^3H$]-L-leucine. Thereafter cells were continued to incubate for further 18 hours, and the radioactivity in the protein was measured as an index of protein synthesis. The values for protein synthesis cultured in the serum-free medium without chicken IGF-I or with 2000 ng/ml of chicken IGF-I were the lowest. Protein synthesis was elevated with increasing chicken IGF-I concentration from 0 to 20 ng/ml. The values for protein synthesis in the 20 ng/ml and 200 ng/ml IGF-I groups were about half of that of the FCS group. The present study revealed that the potency of chicken IGF-I at the levels of 20 to 200 ng/ml to stimulate myoblast protein synthesis was about half of that of 10% FCS.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.21-24
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• 1991

A mixed infection of Haemophilus paragallinarum (Hpg), Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and M. synoviae (Ms) was detected in layers of a poultry farm in Iwate prefecture in Japan by pathological, serological and bacteriological investigation. Hpg strains were isolated from three of five birds investigated and all strains were identified to be type C. The Hpg isolates were more susceptible in vitro to a combination of sulfamonomethoxine and ormetoprim (Ektecin) than each of sulfamethoxasol, sulfamonomethoxine, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, streptomycin, erythromycin and thianphinicol. After a total of six days' medication of 1% feed additive Ektecin, symptoms of infectious coryza of hens in the farm almost disappeared and no Hpg was detected even from birds showing nasal discharge.

• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
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• 2001.01a
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• pp.508-510
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• 2001

Adopting the method of user weighting fuzzy mathematics, the author accomplished the subject title “Study on Expert System of Chicken\`s Common Diseases Diagnostics”, which could properly diagnose 30 kinds of chicken\`s common diseases and the accordance rate reached 80% verified through 244 disease cases. On the basis of the accomplishment, the multimedia technology was adopted further more to establish a system, which integrated with the input, display, query, and processing of sound, picture and text etc., combined with the previous chicken disease diagnostic expert system, make the output information of computer more rich and comprehensive, and the accordance rate of disease diagnosis could be improved. The system consists of database, knowledge base, graphics and picture base. This system is easy to operate and interface of which is vivid and intuitive. It could output diagnostic result and prescribe rapidly, so that, such a system is not only adapted to large, medium chicken farm but also to grass-roots veterinary station for developing health care and disease diagnosing. It is sure that the system could have side prospect of application.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.225-233
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• 2017

Chicken production remains the foremost endeavor in the Nigerian livestock industry. However, disease incidence has been a major constraint on the growth of this subsector. This study assessed health management practices and disease incidence in smallholder chicken production enterprise in Southwest Nigeria using data from a farm survey of 240 farmers selected using a multistage sampling technique from 5 of 6 states in Southwest Nigeria. The study showed that vaccination was given by 96.8% of the famers, 97.8% dewormed their chickens, and 92.9% disinfected the coops against diseases. However, 37% of the farmers regularly consulted veterinarians, 25.7% consulted them during disease outbreaks, and 34.2% occasionally consulted veterinarians. Infectious bursal disease (IBD), coccidiosis, and chronic respiratory disease (CRD) were the major diseases reported by 17.1%, 12.9%, and 7.1% of the farmers, respectively. Mortality rate was 37.8%, although this varied with disease. However, there was a growth of 157.4% in stock size between the establishment of the farms and the survey period.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.20-24
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• 1982

The butbreak of laryngotracheitis from a group of chicken farm was pathologically diagnosed in Korea. Clinical signs consisted chiefly anorexia, watery eyes, gasping, sneezing, nasal discharge, conjunctivitis, swelling of face, expectoration of blood stai

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.420-422
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• 2020

Streptococcus hyointestinalis B19 was isolated from chicken feces collected from local farm in Anseong, Korea. S. hyointestinalis B19 was shown to produce bacteriocin-like compounds exhibiting inhibitory activities against several pathogens including strains of Clostridium perfringens and Listeria monocytogenes. The whole genome of S. hyointestinalis B19 strain was sequenced using PacBio RS II platform. The genome comprised four contigs with a size of 2,217,061 bp. The DNA G + C content was found to be 42.95 mol%. Annotation results revealed 2,266 coding sequences (CDSs), 18 rRNAs, and 61 tRNA genes. Based on genome analysis, we found that the strain B19 possessed various genes associated with bacteriocin synthesis, modification, and transport.