• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권17호
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• pp.7453-7457
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• 2014

Objective: To observe the efficacy and toxicity of nanoparticle albumin bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) plus platinum agent (cisplatin or carboplatin) as first line treatment for stage III/IV squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Forty chemotherapy naive patients with stage III/IV squamous NSCLC received nab-paclitaxel $125mg/m^2$ on day 1 and day 8, cisplatin $75mg/m^2$ on day 1, carboplatin area under the concentration-time curve of 5 (AUC=5) on day 1. One cycle of treatment was 3 weeks, and at least two were completed in each case. Results: Of the 40 patients who participated in the study, 25 achieved partial responses (PR), 12 reached a stage of stable disease (SD), and 3 suffered progressive disease (PD). The overall response rate (ORR) was 62.5% and the disease control rate (DCR) was 92.5%. Of the 20 patients without surgery or radiotherapy, 10 achieved PR, 7 reached a stage of SD, and 3 PD. The ORR was 50.0% and the DCR was 85.0%. The median progression-free survival time (PFS) of patients without surgery or radiotherapy was 5.0 months. Of the 20 patients receiving surgery or radiotherapy, 15 had PR and 5 p had SD, with an ORR of 75.0% and a DCR of 85.0%. Specifically, the DDP arm demonstrated a significantly higher ORR than the CBP arm (100%vs 54.5%, P<0.05). Common treatment related adverse events were myelosuppression, gastrointestinal response, baldness and neurotoxicity, most of which were grade 1 to 2. Conclusion: Nab-paclitaxel plus platinum agent (cisplatin or carboplatin) is effective as a first-line chemotheraphy for stage III/IV squamous NSCLC, and its adverse effects are tolerable.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권15호
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• pp.6275-6281
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• 2014

Nasal-type extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (ENKL) is a highly invasive cancer with a poor prognosis. More effective and safer treatment regimens for ENKL are needed. Pegaspargase (PEG-Asp) has a similar mechanism of action to L-asparaginase (L-Asp), but presents lower antigenicity. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the safety profile and the latent efficacy of a PEG-Asp-based treatment regimen in patients with ENKL. Data collected from 20 patients with histologically confirmed ENKL, admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from January 2009 to August 2013, were included in the study. All patients received $2500IU/m^2$/IM PEG-Asp on day 1 of every 21-day treatment cycle. Patients received combination chemotherapy with CHOP (n=5), EPOCH (n=7), GEMOX (n=7) or CHOP with bleomycin (n=1). After 2-5 treatment cycles (median, 4 cycles) of PEG-Asp-based chemotherapy, five patients (25%) showed a complete response (CR), and the overall response rate (ORR) was 60%. Grade 3/4 neutropenia occurred in fourteen patients (70%). Grade 3 alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation was observed in two. Grade 1-2 non-hematological toxicity consisted of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) elongation (n=9), hypofibrinogenemia (n=6), hypoproteinemia (n=17), hyperglycemia (n=3), and nausea (n=6). No allergic reactions were detected. No treatment related death was reported. Our results suggested that PEG-Asp-based chemotherapy presented an acceptable tolerance and a potential short-term outcome in patients with nasal-type ENKL.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2010

목 적: 자궁경부암에서 근치적 절제술 후 림프절 침범은 중요한 예후인자 중 하나이다. 본 연구에서는 총장골동맥림프절 침범 시 대동맥주위림프절에 대한 예방적 방사선조사의 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1985년 5월부터 2004년 10월까지 총 909명의 환자가 서울대병원에서 자궁경부암으로 근치적 절제술 후 방사선치료를 시행받았다. 골반 내 림프절 침범이 있는 환자는 375명이었고 총장골동맥림프절 침범이 있는 환자는 69명이었다. 이 중 총장골동맥림프절 침범이 있으면서 대동맥주위림프절 침범은 없었던 54명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적 분석을 시행하였다. 대상환자의 FIGO 병기는 IB, IIA, IIB가 각각 22명, 21명, 11명이었다. 이 중 10명은 전골반과 대동맥주위림프절을 포함하는 확장조사야로 방사선치료를 받았고 모두 항암화학치료를 병용하였으며, 나머지 44명은 전골반 만을 포함하는 표준조사야로 방사선치료를 받았고 이 중 16명이 항암화학치료를 병용하였다. 확장조사군과 표준조사군의 추적관찰기간은 각각 21~58개월(중간값, 47개월)과 6~201개월(중간값, 58개월)이었다. 결 과: 전체 환자의 4년 생존율, 4년 무병생존율, 4년 무전이생존율은 각각 70.0%, 61.1%, 71.7%였다. 단변량 분석 시 절제연 침범(p<0.001), 림프관내 종양 침범(p=0.041)이 있는 경우 유의하게 생존율이 낮았고, 양측 림프절침범(p=0.001), 5개 이상의 림프절 전이(p=0.006)가 있는 경우 유의하게 낮은 무병생존율을 보여주었다. 낮은 무전이생존율과 관련 있는 인자는 양측 림프절 침범(p=0.009), 5개 이상의 림프절 전이(p=0.003), 자궁경부 전층 침범(p=0.013), 절제연 침범(p=0.014), 림프관내 종양 침범(p=0.041)이었다. 확장조사군과 표준조사군의 4년 생존율은 90.0%와 67.2% (p=0291), 4년 무병생존율은 70.0%와 59.0% (p=0.568), 4년 무전이생존율은 90.0%와 67.5% (p=0.196), 4년 대동맥주위림프절 전이율은 0%와 14.3% (p=0.249)로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 3등급 이상의 중등도 급성합병증은 확장조사군 10명 중 4명(40%; 조혈계 2명, 위장관계 2명)에서 발생하였고, 표준조사군 44명 중에서는 11명(25%; 조혈계 2명, 위장관계 6명, 비뇨생식계 3명)에서 발생하였다. 결론: 자궁경부암의 근치적 절제술 후 총장골동맥림프절 침범이 있는 경우 예방적 대동맥주위림프절 방사선조사의 생존율에 대한 통계적 유용성은 확인할 수 없었다. 그러나 확장조사야로 치료받은 환자수가 적고 추적관찰기관이 짧았던 점을 고려하면 추가적인 추적관찰이 필요할 것으로 생각한다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제63권3호
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• pp.30.1-30.8
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• 2023

Metformin is a treatment used widely for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with few side effects and acts by inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis and glucose absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Lymphoma is one of the most common hematological malignancies in dogs. Chemotherapy is used mainly on lymphoma, but further research on developing anticancer drugs for lymphoma is needed because of its severe side effects. This study examined the anticancer effects of metformin alone and in combination with 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), a glucose analog, on EL4 cells (mouse T cell lymphoma). Metformin reduced the metabolic activity of EL4 cells and showed an additive effect when combined with 2-DG. In addition, cell death was confirmed using a trypan blue exclusion test, Hochest 33342/propidium iodide (PI) staining, and Annexin V/PI staining. An analysis of the cell cycle and mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) to investigate the mechanism of action showed that metformin stopped the G2/M phase of EL4 cells, and metformin + 2-DG decreased MMP. Metformin exhibited anticancer effects as a G2/M phase arrest mechanism in EL4 cells and showed additive effects when combined with 2-DG via MMP reduction. Unlike cytotoxic chemotherapeutic anticancer drugs, metformin and 2-DG are related to cellular glucose metabolism and have little toxicity. Therefore, metformin and 2-DG can be an alternative to reduce the toxicity caused by chemotherapeutic anticancer drugs. Nevertheless, research is needed to verify the in vivo efficacy of metformin and 2-DG before they can be used in lymphoma treatments.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권17호
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• pp.7159-7162
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• 2014

Background: Patients with recurrent or refractory osteosarcoma are considered to have a very poor prognosis, and new regimens are needed to improve the prognosis in this setting. Gemcitabine, a nucleoside antimetabolite, is an analog of deoxycytidine which mainly inhibits DNA synthesis through interfering with DNA chain elongation and depleting deoxynucleotide stores, resulting in gemcitabine-induced cell death. Here we performed a systemic analysis to evaluate gemcitabine based chemotherapy as salvage treatment for patients with recurrent or refractory osteosarcoma. Methods: Clinical studies evaluating the impact of gemcitabine based regimens on response and safety for patients with osteosarcoma were identified by using a predefined search strategy. Pooled response rates (RRs) of treatment were calculated. Results: In gemcitabine based regimens, 4 clinical studies which included 66 patients with recurrent or refractory osteosarcoma were considered eligible for inclusion. Systemic analysis suggested that, in all patients, pooled RR was 12.1% (8/66) in gemcitabine based regimens. Major adverse effects were hematologic toxicity, including grade 3 or 4 anemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia in gemcitabine based treatment. No treatment related death occurred in gemcitabine based treatment. Conclusion: This systemic analysis suggests that gemcitabine based regimens are associated with mild activity with good tolerability in treating patients with recurrent or refractory osteosarcoma.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.3163-3166
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• 2015

Background: Patients with refractory or relapsed multiple myeloma are considered to have a very poor prognosis, and new regimens are needed to improve this setting. Pomalidomide is a new immunomodulatory drug with high in vitro potency. Immunomodulatory drugs are hypothesized to act through multiple mechanisms. Here we performed a systemic analysis to evaluate pomalidomide-based chemotherapy (pomalidomide in combination with low-dose dexamethasone) as salvage treatment for patients with refractory and relapsed multiple myeloma. Methods: Clinical studies evaluating the efffectiveness of pomalidomide based regimens on response and safety for patients with refractory and relapsed multiple myeloma were identified using a predefined search strategy. Pooled response rate (RR) of treatment were calculated. Results: For pomalidomide based regimens, 4 clinical studies which including 291 patients with refractory and relapsed multiple myeloma were considered eligible for inclusion. Systemic analysis suggested that, in all patients, pooled RR was 41.2% (120/291). Major adverse effects were hematologic toxicity, including grade 1 or 2 anemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia with pomalidomide based treatment. No treatment related death occurred. Conclusion: This pooled analysis suggests that pomalidomide in combination with low-dose dexamethasone is active with good tolerability in treating patients with refractory or relapsed multiple myeloma.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2009

목적 : 진단 시 1세 이하인 신경모세포종 환자들의 임상적 특징을 알아보고, 이들의 치료 성적을 보고하고자 하였다. 방법 : 1997년 1월부터 2007년 12월까지 삼성서울병원 소아청소년과에서 새로 진단된 신경모세포종 환자 중 진단 시 나이가 1세 이하인 환자를 연구대상으로 하였다. 저위험군 중 1병기 환자들은 수술만 하였고, 2병기 환자들은 수술 후 단기간 화학요법을 시행하였다. 중간위험군 환자들은 수술 전 화학요법을 시행한 후 종양제거 수술과 수술 후 화학요법, 그리고 필요시 방사선 치료를 시행하였다. 중간위험군 환자에서는 통상적인 항암치료를 한 후에도 큰 잔존 종양이 있을 경우 고용량 화학요법 및 자가조혈모세포이식을 시행하였다. 고위험군 환자들은 통상적인 치료를 시행한 후 고용량 화학요법 및 자가조혈모세포이식, 면역요법과 분화요법 등 강력한 항암치료를 시행하였다. 결과 : 총 41명의 환자 중에서 1명에서 종양이 재발하였으며, 7명이 치료 독성으로 사명하였다. 5명의 환자가 통상적인 화학치료 중 감염으로 사망하였으며 이들 중 4명이 급성호흡곤란증후군으로 사망하였다. 그리고 2명의 환자가 고용량 화학 치료 및 자가조혈모세포이식을 하던 중 급성 심근염으로 사망하였다. 대상환자 41명의 진단 후 5년 전체 생존율(${\pm}$표준오차)은 $82.8{\pm}5.9%$였고 독성 사망과 재발을 사건으로 정의하였을 때 진단 후 5년 무사건 생존율은 $80.0{\pm}6.3%$였으며 정중 추적관찰 기간은 58개월이다. 생존율을 위험군 별로 비교하였을 때 저위험군, 중간위험군, 고위험군의 5년 무사건 생존율은 각각 100%, $68.4{\pm}10.8%$, $66.7{\pm}19.3%$였다. 결론 : 진단 시 1세 이하인 신경모세포종 환자들의 치료 성적을 더욱 향상시키기 위해서는 감염에 대한 철저한 관리와 예방이 필요하며, 독성 사망을 감소시키기 위한 새로운 치료법의 개발이 필요하다고 사료된다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.215-219
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• 1991

제3기의 진행성 비소세포 폐암에서의 MVP항암 요법과 다분할 방사선 치료의 효과를 판정하기 위하여 1991년 1월부터 전향성 임의선택 연구(prospective randomized study)를 시작하였다. 본 연구는 제III기의 비소세포 폐암중 절제가 불가능한 환자를 대상으로 하여 MVP 항암요법(Mitomycin C 6mg/$m^2$, Vinblastine 6 mg/$m^2$, Cisplatin 60 mg/$m^2$)을 3회 시행한 후 다분할 방사선치료 (120 cGy/ft BID)를 6500 cGy까지 조사하였다. 방사선치료가 끝난 1개월 후 관해정도를 확인하여 추가 항암요법을 시행하는 군과 계속 관찰하는 군으로 임의 분류하였다. 1991년 8월까지 18명의 환자가 등록 되었으며 이중 2명은 2cycle의 항암요법 후 치료를 포기하여 16명의 환자에 대한 분석을 시행하였다. MVP항암요법에 대한 관해율은 $62.5\%$로 $50\%$에서는 부분관해 $12.5\%$에서는 minimal response를 보였다. 항암요법에 부분관해를 보인 3명중 1명에서는 방사선 치료후 완전관해를 보였으며 항암요법으로 병이 진행된 6명의 환자중 4명에서는 방사선 치료후에도 역시 병이 진행되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 모든 환자는 다분할 방사선 치료를 잘 견뎠으나 한 환자가 방사선 치료 한달 후 항암요법과 관련된 부작용으로 사망하였다. 아직 추적관찰 기간이 짧고 대상 환자가 많지 않다는 문제점은 있으나 본 연구를 계속 진행함으로써 유의한 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.4061-4066
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• 2013

The extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) shows high local or systemic failure rates when radiotherapy (RT) is taken as the primary treatment, suggesting a role for chemotherapy (CT) added to RT for this disease. However, the appropriate mode of combined modality therapy (CMT) has not been fully defined. A total of one hundred and twenty-one patients with ENKTL receiving sandwich CT with RT were reviewed between January 2003 and August 2012. The primary endpoints were the response rate, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and the relapse rate. After the initial CT, there were 84 (69.4%) patients in CR, 22 (18.2%) patients in PR, 9 (7.4%) patients in SD, and 6 (5%) patients in PD, respectively. At the end of RT, the CR, PR, SD, and PD rates for all patients were 90.9% (n=110), 1.7% (n=2), 4.1% (n=5), and 3.3% (n=4), respectively. After a median follow-up of 42.3 months (3.5~112.3 months), the 5-year PFS was 74.7% (95% CI 70.4%~79.0%), and 5-year OS was 77.3% (95% CI 67.9%~86.7%). Disease progression was documented in 25 (20.7%) patients. The rates of systemic failure, local failure, and regional failure were 18.2%, 5.8%, 1.7%, respectively. Twenty death events (16.5%) were observed for the entire group of patients (18 deaths related to PD). Furthermore, CR to the initial CT and low Korean Prognostic Index (KPI) can independently predict long PFS and OS. The sandwich CMT achieved an excellent outcome for localized ENKTL with acceptable toxicity. We recommend it can be applied as the optimal choice for localized ENKTL.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2018

Background: In Korea, stomach cancer is the second most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths. the time of diagnosis is very important for treatment so early detection and surgery are currently considered the mainstay of treatment, when diagnosed advanced with tumor extension through the gastric wall and direct extension into other organs, with metastatic involvement. Recently, new drugs, drug combinations, and multimodal approaches have been used to treat this disease and In cancers over expressing or amplifying HER2, the combination of cisplatin-fluoropyrimidine-trastuzumab is considered to be the treatment of reference. but At present, the choice of treatment schedule for HER2-negative tumors is based on the medical institution's preferences and adverse effects profile. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of using FOLFOX regimen as a first-line therapy or a salvage therapy in the patients with HER2-negative advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. Methods: We retrospective reviewed the patient medical record from March 2012 to July 2017. This study evaluated 113 patients. Sixty-eight patients were treated with the FOLFOX regimen for the first time (first-line group) and 45 patients were treated with the FOLFOX regimen as a second (35 patients) or third (10 patients) chemotherapy (salvage group). Results: In the first-line group, the response rate was 54.9%. In the salvage therapy group, the response rate was 24.4% and The difference was statistically significant (p=0.205). The median TTP of the first-line group was 10.7 months (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 7.8-13.7 months) and that of salvage line group was 6.1 months (95% CI, 3.8-8.4 months). The median OS of the first-line group was 15.8 months (95% CI, 12.7-18.9 months) and that of the salvage therapy group was 10.2 months (95% CI, 8.2-11.9 months). drug toxicity was similar andtolerable between two groups. Conclusion: In patients with unresctable metastatic gastric cancer, after failing to respond to first-line therapy, most patients have no alternative other than second-line therapy because the disease is highly progressive. if the performance status of the patient is good enough to be eligible to treatments beyond best supportive care. FOLFOX regimen can be a considerable therapeutic option for salvage treatment.