• Title/Summary/Keyword: chelator

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Effects of Calcium Chelator on in vitro Fertilization of Rat Oocyte (흰쥐 난자의 체외수정에 미치는 Calcium Chelator의 영향)

  • 홍순갑;김해권;김성례;이영기;이준영
    • Development and Reproduction
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.21-28
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    • 1999
  • In order to examine the effect of $Ca^{2+}$ -chelation on in vitro fertilization of rat zona-free oocyte, the formation of cortical granule envelope (CGE) and the rate of fertilization related to monospermy and polyspermy were determined. The ultrastructural characteristics of oocytes were observed with the scanning electron microscope and BAPTA/AM was used for calcium-chelation. The CGE formed by cortical reaction was observed in zona-free oocyte inseminated in vitro and it was also observed in the calcium chelator (1, 5, 10$\mu$M BAPTA/AM) treated zona-free oocytes inseminated in vitro. The CGE developed according to incubation time. The fertilization rate was decreased in the calcium chelator-treated group (59.8, 38.1, 37.0%) compared to the control group (60.6%) but monospermy rate was increased in the calcium chelator-treated group (45.0, 47.3, 50.9%) compared to control group (37.5%). The above results demonstrate that the CGE is formed during fertilization in rat and the extracellular calcium is used in cortical reaction. Also the results suggest that proper concentration of free calcium in oocyte acts as important factor in fertilization.n.

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Enhanced Production of Chlorella ovalis and Dunaliella parva by the Rates of Medium Composition Obtained from the Fermented Animal Wastewater Including a Natural Substitute Chelator for EDTA (EDTA 대체용 천연 킬레이팅제를 함유한 발효 축산폐수의 배지조성률에 따른Chlorella ovalis와 Dunaliella parva의 생산성 강화)

  • Jeon, Seon-Mi;Jeune, Kyung-Hee;Kim, Mi-Kyung
    • ALGAE
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.333-341
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    • 2006
  • The productivities of Chlorella ovalis and Dunaliella parva were influenced by the rates of medium compositions obtained from the fermented animal wastewater (BM: bacteria mineral water) including a natural substitute chelator for EDTA (etylenediaminetetraacetic acid). The most favorable medium was -E+50 adding 50% BM in f/2 medium instead of EDTA, a chemical chelator, which increased more 19-fold of cell density in C. ovalis and 7-fold in D. parva than cells cultured on f/2 medium as well as the enhancements of chlorophyll a (f/2-E: 0.26 g L–1, -E+50: 1.5 g L–1 in C. ovalis; f/2-E: 2.7 g L–1, -E+50: 15 g L–1 in D. parva) and the increase of maximal PSII quantum yields. These results were verified that the BM could play an important part as a natural chelator substituted for EDTA. In the fields of biotechnology, food organisms in fishery and eco-industries of CO2 sequestration in air and nutrient removal in water, the natural chelator of BM could be applied to enhance the biomass of the other microalgae.

Feasibility Study of Activation of Persulfate by Fe(II) for Phenol Contaminated Sediment (Fe(II)에 의해 활성화된 과황산을 이용한 페놀 오염 퇴적물 처리 타당성 평가)

  • Jo, Jae Hyun;Yoon, Seong-Eun;Kim, Jae-Moon;Hwang, Inseong
    • Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.77-86
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    • 2020
  • Persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) can oxidize various organic pollutants. In this study, persulfate/Fe(II) system was utilized in phenol removal, and the effect of various organic and inorganic chelators on Fe(II)-medicated persulfate activation was investigated. The feasibility of persulfate/Fe(II)/chelator in cleanup of phenol-contaminated sediment was confirmed through toxicity assessment. In persulfate/Fe(II) conditions, the rate and extent of phenol removal increased in proportion to persulfate concentration. In chelator injection condition, the rate of phenol removal was inversely proportional to chelator concentration when it was injected above optimum ratio. Thiosulfate showed greater chelation tendency with persulfate than citrate and interfered with persulfate access to Fe(II), making the latter a more suitable chelator for enhancing persulfate activation. In contaminated clay sediment condition, 100% phenol removal was obtained within an hour without chelator, with the removal rate increased up to four times as compared to the rate with chelator addition. A clay sediment toxicity assessment at persulfate:Fe(II):phenol 20:10:1 ratio indicated 71.3% toxicity reduction with 100% phenol removal efficiency. Therefore, persulfate/Fe(II) system demonstrated its potential utility in toxicity reduction and cleanup of organic contaminants in sediments.

Urban Particulate Matter-Induced Oxidative Damage Upon DNA, Protein, and Human Lung Epithelial Cell (A549): PM2.5 is More Damaging to the Biomolecules than PM10 Because of More Mobilized Transition Metals

  • Song, H-S;Chang, W-C;Bang, W-G;Kim, Y-S;Chung, N
    • Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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    • 2002.10a
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    • pp.169-169
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    • 2002
  • The mobilizable amount of transition metals is a fraction of the total amount of the metal from urban particulate matter. Although the fraction is small, some metals (Fe, Cu) are the major participants in a reaction that generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can damage various biomolecules. Damaging effects of the metals can be measured by the single strand breakage (SSB) of X174 RFI DNA or the carbonyl formation of protein. In another study, we have shown that more metals are mobilized by PM2.5 than by PM10 in general. DNA SSB of >20% for PM2.5 and >15% for PM10 was observed in the presence of chelator (EDTA or citrate)/reductant (ascorbate), compared to the control (<3%) only with the chelator. The carbonyl formation by both PMs was very similar in the presence of the chelator, regardless of the kind of proteins. Compared to the control in the absence of chelator/reductant, 3.3 times and 4.9 times more carbonyl formation for PM2.5 and PM10, respectively, was obtained with BSA in the presence of chelator/reductant, showing that PM10 induced 33% more damage than PM2.5. However, 4.8 times and 1.9 times more carbonyl formation for PM2.5 and PM10, respectively, was observed with lysozyme in the presence of chelator/reductant, showing that PM2.5 induced 250% more damage than PM10. Although different proteins showed different sensitivities toward ROS, all these results indicate that the degrees of the oxidation of or damage to the biomolecules by the mobilized metals were higher with PM2.5 than with PM10. Therefore, it is expected that more metals mobilized from PM2.5 than from PM10, more damage to the biomolecules by PM2.5 than by PM10. We suggest that when the toxicity of the dust particle is considered, the particle size as well as the mobilizable fraction of the metal should be considered in place of the total amounts.

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Distinct Oxidative Damage of Biomolecules by Arrays of Metals Mobilized from Different Types of Airborne Particulate Matters: SRM1648, Fine (PM2.5), and Coarse (PM10) Fractions

  • Park, Yong Jin;Lim, Leejin;Song, Heesang
    • Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.139-143
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    • 2013
  • This study was performed to examine the in vitro toxicities which are incurred due to the mobilization metals from standard reference material (SRM) 1648, fine ($PM_{2.5}$), and coarse ($PM_{10}$) particulate matter collected in Seoul metropolitan area. DNA single strand breaks of approximately 74% and 62% for $PM_{2.5}$ and for $PM_{10}$, respectively, were observed in the presence of chelator (EDTA or citrate)/reductant (ascorbate), as compared to the control by 2% without chelator or reductant. $PM_{2.5}$ induced about 40% more carbonyl formation with proteins in the presence of EDTA/ascorbate than $PM_{10}$. Therefore, more damage to biomolecules was incurred upon exposure to $PM_{2.5}$ than to $PM_{10}$. The treatment of a specific chelator, desferrioxamine, to the reaction mixture containing chelator plus reductant decreased the extent of damage to DNA to the level of the control, but did not substantially decrease the extent of damage to proteins. This suggests that different arrays of metals were involved in the oxidation of DNA and proteins.

Reactivity Evaluation on Copper Etching Using Organic Chelators (유기 킬레이터들을 이용한 구리 식각에 대한 반응성 평가)

  • Kim, Chul Hee;Lim, Eun Taek;Park, Chan Ho;Park, Sung Yong;Lee, Ji Soo;Chung, Chee Won;Kim, Dong Wook
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.31 no.10
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    • pp.569-575
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    • 2021
  • The reactivity evaluation of copper is performed using ethylenediamine, aminoethanol, and piperidine to apply organic chelators to copper etching. It is revealed that piperidine, which is a ring-type chelator, has the lowest reactivity on copper and copper oxide and ethylenediamine, which is a chain-type chelator, has the highest reactivity via inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). Furthermore, it is confirmed that the stable complex of copper-ethylenediamine can be formed during the reaction between copper and ethylenediamine using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and radio-thin layer chromatography. As a final evaluation, the copper reactivity is evaluated by wet etching using each solution. Scanning electron micrographs reveal that the degree of copper reaction in ethylenediamine is stronger than that in any other chelator. This result is in good agreement with the evaluation results obtained by ICP-MS and NMR. It is concluded that ethylenediamine is a prospective etch gas for the dry etching of the copper.

Anti-Proliferative Effect of Tetraphenylporphine (TPP) as an Iron Chelator on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and its Release Profiles from Polymer Coating Layer (철 킬레이터로서의 tetraphenylporphine의 혈관평활근세포의 성장억제효과와 고분자 코팅막으로부터의 방출 특성)

  • Park, Min-Hee;Kang, Soo-Yong;Park, Hyun-Jeong;Seo, Jin-Seon;Park, Young-A;Kim, Ji-Eun;Kim, Yang-Geun;Whang, Bae-Geon;Munkhjargal, Odonchimeg;Shim, Young-Key;Kho, Weon-Gyu;Lee, Woo-Kyoung
    • Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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    • v.38 no.2
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    • pp.93-98
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    • 2008
  • The drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation is a widely acceptable treatment for coronary heart disease. It was reported that iron chelator had anti-proliferative effect on human vascular smooth muscle cells (HA-VSMCs). In this study, tetraphenylporphine (TPP) was selected as an iron chelator and drug for DES. MTT assay showed that TPP had antiproliferative effect on HA-VSMCs. TPP and polycaprolactone (PCL) were coated onto stainless steel plate using a spraycoating method. From the surface morphology examination of the coated plate by SEM, smooth polymer coating layer could be observed. The thickness of coating layer could be controlled by changing repeating time of coating. From in vitro release test, sustained release of TPP was observed from plate during two weeks. Thus, TPP as iron chelator can be used as drug for stent coating because of its antiproliferative effect and sustain release profile.

Decreased Effectiveness on Cytotoxicity of Metal-Metal and Metal-Chelator Combinations (중금속 상호간의 작용 및 착화제에 의한 세포독성의 억제효과)

  • Kim, Jai-Min
    • Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.115-118
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    • 1996
  • The study on the cytotoxicities of heavy metals, metal-metal and metal-chelator combinations was carried out to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of those on mouse L929 fibroblasts. The colorimetric assays (NR and MTT) were conveniently carried out in 96-well microtiter plates. The rank order was Cd > Zn Ni > Cr(III) for the heavy metals tested. Examination of the effect of metal-metal interaction on cytotoxicity showed a moderate reduction of cadmium toxicity by zinc. The colorimetric assays were also effectively used to investigate the effect of the chelators, ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) and chitosan. Reduction of heavy metal toxixity by chelator was efficient.

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Quantitative Analysis of 1,4-Androstadiene-3,17-Dione in Fermentation Broth (발효액중의 1,4-Androstadiene-3,17-Dione의 정량법)

  • Lee, Kang-Man;Bae, Moo
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.31 no.6
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    • pp.402-404
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    • 1987
  • Fermentation processes have been employed to produce 17-ketosteroids from sterol with chelator of Fe$^{2+}$ such as $\alpha$, ${\alpha}'$-dipyriyl. To analyze the products of sterol fermentation, we developed a simple TLC method without interference of the chelator $\alpha$, ${\alpha}'$-dipyridyl, using Ag$^+$ band on TLC plate.

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Effects of sperm insemination on the final meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes arrested at metaphase I after in vitro maturation

  • Yoon, Jeong;Juhn, Kyoung-Mi;Yoon, San-Hyun;Ko, Yong;Lim, Jin-Ho
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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    • v.44 no.1
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    • pp.15-21
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    • 2017
  • Objective: The aims of this study were to investigate whether fertilization could induce the resumption of meiosis in mouse oocytes arrested at metaphase I (MI) after in vitro maturation (IVM), and to investigate the effect of $Ca^{2+}$ chelator treatment at the time of fertilization on the transition from MI to metaphase II (MII). Methods: MII-stage and arrested MI-stage mouse oocytes after IVM were fertilized, and then embryonic development was monitored. Blastocysts from each group were transferred into 2.5 days post-coitum pseudo-pregnant ICR mice. MI oocytes after IVM were treated with a $Ca^{2+}$ chelator to investigate the effect of $Ca^{2+}$ oscillations on their maturation. Results: As insemination time increased, the number of oocytes in the MI group that reached the MII stage also increased. The blastocyst rates and total cell numbers in the MII group were significantly higher than in the MI group. No pregnancy occurred in the MI group, but 10 pregnancies were achieved (10 of 12) in the MII group. The proportion of MI oocytes that matured to MII oocytes after fertilization was significantly higher in the non-treated group than in the $Ca^{2+}$ chelator-treated group. Conclusion: The findings that a higher proportion of MI-arrested oocytes progressed to MII after fertilization and that the MI-to-MII transition was blocked by $Ca^{2+}$ chelator treatments before fertilization indicate that the maturation of MI oocytes to MII oocytes is associated with intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ oscillations driven by fertilization.