• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.414-419
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to measure the factor influencing tourist preferences for leaf mustard iimchi. Among 250 questionnaires, 230 questionnaires were utilized for the analysis. Frequencies, conjoint model, max. utility model, BTL model, Logit model, K-means cluster analysis, and one-way ANOVA analysis were used for this study. The findings from this study were as follows. First, the Pearson's R and Kendall's tau statistics showed that the model fitted the data well. Second, it was found that total respondents and three clusters regarded taste and price as the very important factor. Third, it was found that the first cluster most preferred product with light red color, plain package, and mild taste sold at a cheap price in factory. The second cluster most preferred product with light red color, plain package, and moderately pungent taste sold at a expensive price in factory. The third cluster most preferred product with dark red color, shaped package, and highly pungent taste sold at a cheap price in factory. Fourth, it was found that the first cluster most preferred simulation product with light red color, shaped package, and mild taste sold at a cheap price in factory. The second cluster most preferred simulation product with light red color, shaped package, and moderately pungent taste sold at a cheap price in factory. The third clutter most preferred simulation product with dark red color, shaped package, and highly pungent taste sold at a cheap price in factory.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.79-88
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to distinguish which food is fast foods and to define the characteristics of fast foods. The 14 kind of foods(hamburger, pizza, fried chicken, raymyeon, hotdog, doughnut, fried fish cake, jajangmyeon udong, ice cream, dukbokki, spaghetti, sandwich, gimbab, and salad) and 5 characteristics of fast foods(takeout, franchise, fast serving, unhealthy, and cheap price foods) were selected based on the dictionary and previous research papers about fast foods for this study. A total of 306 male and female high school student in Daejeon area were participated. The data were gathered by questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. The participants evaluated the fast foods as delicious and convenient foods but non-nutritious, i.e. high fat but vitamin deficient foods. Among the 14 foods examined, hamburger, pizza, and fried chicken were the foods which more than 90% of the participants acknowledged to fast foods. Dukbokki, spaghetti, sandwich, gimbab, and salad were the foods which less than 50% of the participant acknowledged to fast foods. Among the 5 characteristics of fast food examined, unhealthy foods showed the highest sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, and odds ratio(0.803, 0.712, 0.597, and 2.79, respectively), and cheap price showed the lowest values of those(0.565, 0.335, 0.242, and 0.85, respectively) for acknowledging foods to fast foods. As conclusion, hamburger, pizza, and fried chicken were the representative foods of fast foods. Fast foods are generally considered as fast served cheap price foods, but the participants did not think the fast foods as fast and cheap foods. The most distinguished characteristics of fast foods in the students' minds was unhealthy foods.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2012

Despite the enforcement of SSM control laws such as 'the Law of Developing the Distribution Industry (LDDI)' and 'the Law of Promoting Mutual Cooperation between Large and Small/medium Enterprises (LPMC)' stipulating the business adjustment system, the number of super-supermarkets (SSMs) has ever been expanding in Korea. In France, however, Super Centers are being regulated most strongly and directly in the whole Europe viewing that there is not a single SSM in Paris, which is emphasized to be the outcome from French government's regulation exerted on the opening of large scale retail stores. In France, the authority to approve store opening is deeply centralized and the store opening regulation is a socio-economic regulation driven by economic laws whereas EU strongly regulates the distribution industry. To control the French distribution industry, such seven laws and regulations as Commission départementale d'urbanisme commercial guidelines (CDLIC) (1969), the Royer Law (1973), the Doubin Law (1990), the Sapin Law (1993), the Raffarin Law (1996), solidarite et renouvellement urbains (SRU) (2000), and Loi de modernisation de l'économie (LME) (2009) have been promulgated one by one since the amendment of the Fontanet guidelines, through which commercial adjustment laws and regulations have been complemented and reinforced while regulatory measures have been taken. Even in the course of forming such strong regulatory laws, InterMarche, the largest supermarket chain in France, has been in existence as a global enterprise specialized in retail distribution with over 4,000 stores in Europe. InterMarche's business can be divided largely into two segments of food and non-food. As a supermarket chain, InterMarche's food segment has 2,300 stores in Europe and as a hard-discounter store chain in France, Netto has 420 stores. Restaumarch is a chain of traditional family restaurants and the steak house restaurant chain of Poivre Rouge has 4 restaurants currently. In addition, there are others like Ecomarche which is a supermarket chain for small and medium cities. In the non-food segment, the DIY and gardening chain of Bricomarche has a total of 620 stores in Europe. And the car-related chain of Roady has a total of 158 stores in Europe. There is the clothing chain of Veti as well. In view of InterMarche's management strategies, since its distribution strategy is to sell goods at cheap prices, buying goods cheap only is not enough. In other words, in order to sell goods cheap, it is all important to buy goods cheap, manage them cheap, systemize them cheap, and transport them cheap. In quality assurance, InterMarche has guaranteed the purchase safety for consumers by providing its own private brand products. InterMarche has 90 private brands of its own, thus being the retailer with the largest number of distributor brands in France. In view of its IT service strategy, InterMarche is utilizing a high performance IT system so as to obtainas much of the market information as possible and also to find out the best locations for opening stores. In its global expansion strategy of international alliance, InterMarche has established the ALDIS group together with the distribution enterprises of both Spain and Germany in order to expand its food purchase, whereas in the non-food segment, it has established the ARENA group in alliance with 11 international distribution enterprises. Such strategies of InterMarche have been intended to find out the consumer needs for both price and quality of goods and to secure the purchase and supply networks which are closely localized. It is necessary to cope promptly with the constantly changing circumstances through being unified with relevant regions and by providing diversified customer services as well. In view of the InterMarche's positive policy for promoting local partnerships as well as the assistance for enhancing the local economic structure, implications are existing for those retail distributors of our country.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.59-70
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• 2021

A method for simultaneous detection of fipronil (F) and its metabolites fipronil desulfinyl (FD), fipronil sulfide (FS), fipronil sulfone (FSO) in chicken eggs was applied and validated. It includes single-step, cheap, effective, rugged, safe-based method (SinChERS) for sample preparation and ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) for chemical analysis. Results suggested that formic acid enhanced the recovery of 4 target residues and 1% supplementation to acetonitrile gained higher recoveries than that of 5%. SinChERS integrated extraction and clean-up steps into one, with shorter time (1.5 h) to operate and higher recoveries (97%-100%) than HLB, Envi-Carb-NH2 and quik-easy-cheap-effective-rugged-safe method (QuEChERS), and it consumed the smallest volume of extracting solvent (10 mL) as QuEChERS. Quantitative analyses using external standard method suggested the linear ranges of 4 target compounds were 1-20 ㎍/L with R2 >0.9947. The limit of detection (S/N>3) and quantification (S/N>10) were 0.3 ㎍/kg and 1 ㎍/kg. Recoveries ranged from 89.0% to 104.4%, and the relative standard deviations (n=6) at 1, 10, and 20 ㎍/kg were lower than 6.03%. Thirty batches of domestic eggs (500 g each) were detected by the established SinChERS-based UHPLC-MS/MS and no target residues were detected in all samples. The method developed in this study is a rapid, sensitive, accurate and economic way for multi-residue analysis of fipronil and its metabolites in eggs.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.308-317
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to identify combinations of factors, with regard to the use of restaurants by tourists, and to establish the relative importance of these factors in terms of their contribution to the total usage. Of 250 questionnaires, 209 were utilized for analysis in this study. Crosstabs, conjoint analysis, paired-samples t-test, k-means cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA analysis, and the Friedman test were used for the statistical analysis. The findings from this study were as follows: First, the Pearson's R and Kendall's tau statistics show that the model fits the data well. Second, it was found that 209 tourists most preferred restaurants that provided excellent quality traditional food, with a high quality of service, at a cheap price for the suburb. The 81 tourists of the first cluster most preferred restaurant that provided excellent quality fusion food, at a cheap price for the suburb. The 65 tourists of tile second cluster most preferred restaurant that provided average quality national food, at an expensive price for the suburb. The 63 tourists of the third cluster most preferred restaurant that provided excellent quality traditional food, at a reasonable price for the suburb. Third, it wis found that all tourists and the three clusters groups regarded both the type of food and its price to be very important factors. Finally, the results used in this study have provided some insight into the types of marketing strategies and tourism policies that may be successfully used by the operators and policymakers managing a location, the quality, price and type of food, and quality of service required by tourists dining at restaurants.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.659-667
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to identify the combinated factors of leaf mustard kimchi which confer the highest utility on tourists, and to establish the relative factors of importance in terms of tourists' contribution to total utility to their tour purpose. Conjoint model, $X^2$ analysis, Max. Utility model, BTL model, Logit model, K-means cluster analysis, and one-way ANOVA analysis are used for this study. The findings from this study are as follows: First, the Pearson's R and Kendall's tau($\tau$) statistics shows that the model fits the data well to the tourists' visit purpose. Second, when they choose a sightseeing place, tourists' taste for food renowned in the local area is a very important factor. Third, the leaf mustard kimchi some tourists most prefer has light red color and mild taste, and they buy it in a shaped packing, at a cheap price and directly at the kimchi factory. The leaf mustard kimchi the other tourists most prefer has light red color and highly pungent taste, and they buy it in a shaped packing, at a cheap price and directly at the kimchi factory. Fourth, by the results of BTL model and Logit Model analysis, some tourists most prefer an experimental model of leaf mustard kimchi which has light red color and mild taste. They want to buy it in a shaped packing, at a cheap price and directly at the kimchi factory. The other tourists most prefer an experimental model of leaf mustard kimchi which has light red color and highly pungent taste. They want to buy it in a shaped packing, at a cheap price and directly in the kimchi factory. Finally, the writer hopes this study will provide the kimchi marketers with some insights into the types of popular leaf mustard kimchi designs that could be successfully developed.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 1990

The purpose of this study is to investigate the manufacturing process for mass production of korean traditional cookies to be supplied to consumers with cheap price. Selected items for mass production is Yoomilkwa such as Yackwa. Maejackwa which preferred by consumers, and Chasookwa which was presented at royal party in YiDynasity. Standard mixing ratio of food material, manufacturing process, and machinery needed in each manufacturing process were suggested by the items of korean traditional cookies. Manufactured goods which is produced in large quantities by machinery are Yackwa model I, II Maejackwa model I, II, III, and Chasookwa model I, II.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.346-357
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• 2019

In recent years, starch nanoparticles (SNPs) have been received much attention due to their unique characteristics different from native starch. Also, SNPs have economic and environmental advantages because they are prepared from starch, a cheap and safe natural polymer. It can be used in various industrial applications such as food additives, drug carriers, etc. SNPs have been prepared using different methods and their physiochemical, functional properties and possible industrial applications have been reported. Based on these studies, SNPs are expected to be the promising food materials and expand their utilization in many industries in the future. This review covered the overall researches on SNPs, including preparation, physicochemical and functional properties, and discussed their current and future applications including resistant starch materials.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.70-92
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• 2017

Crude palm oil (CPO) is obtained from the fruit of oil palm tree, and is rich in palmitic acid, ${\beta}$-carotene and vitamin E. CPO containing a balanced range of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids is fractionated mainly into liquid palm olein and solid palm. Palm oil is highly stable during frying due to its fatty acid composition, and the synergistic antioxidant activity of ${\beta}$-carotene and tocotrienol. Blending and interesterification of palm oil and other oils are the main processes used to offer functional, nutritional, and technical advantages to produce oils suitable for margarine, shortening, vanaspati, and frying oils etc. The advantages of using palm oil products include cheap raw materials, good availability, and low cost of processing, since hydrogenation is not necessary. Future research should lead to the production of oils with a higher oleic acid content and a higher content of vitamins E, carotenoids, and tocotrienols.

• Proceedings of the Korean Sanitation Conference
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• 2005.12a
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• pp.50-63
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• 2005

Cheap, low quality food products that are unhealthy are prevailing among children. These low quality products are stirring up the urge to purchase among children and so it is pointed out as a problem. In order to arrive at a solution for the indication of negligence on the side of manufacturing, processing, circulation, and marketing management, a survey asking about interests and preferences on insanitary food products was held during May 2, 2005 to June 30. The subjects were 540 students and 510 parents form 5 elementary schools located at Gwangjin Gu, Seoul including Ja-yang elementary school, etc. This study aims at arranging measures against insanitary food products and contribution to maintenance of children's health.