• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.9
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• pp.108-115
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• 1996

The relationship between users and physical elements of environmental gives a space special characteristics. The Environment Probabilitism by Altman shows that behavior and environment, both response, effect each other construct their characteristics. People can choose their response consciously or unconsciously during their walking , sitting, standing, talking in their environment. Designing a good place can lead people to the goal that they want and designer intend to get, A good place well designed as an positive place is organised with 3 points(1) User's behavior (2) physical elements in environment (3) meanings produced between behavior and physical elements. In this study the importance of physical elements are focused on. In the place where we can have permeability, variety , legibility, robutness, visual appropriateness, richness, personalisation physically , these characteristics will encourage people to have strong motivation and to choose the most active way . From this perspective the circulation of physically handicapped persons is analyzed into their behavioral environment and their behavioral response. The analysis shows the handicapped in our situation has no environmental right for a man itself ,even they have no street to walk safely. And their response to the environment was very negative. Basically the elements from exterior space to interior space should be guaranteed for everyday according to their behavioral characteristics include handicapped. From this study the result shows that the needs of a person should be considered and accepted as an important design problem for improvement our environment.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

While the operator's working environment employs the digital devices and technology which are not be fully digitalized due to its technical constraints, it has been changed to the hybrid environment in which digital and analog elements are combined. The hybrid environments need to study its characteristics and the guidelines for the proper design and evaluation purpose. This paper describes the characteristics and evaluation guidelines for hybrid environment through studying the characteristics of digital and analog environment based on the related human factor guidelines and literatures. The result of this paper would be applied for the human machine system such as main control room in nuclear power plant working under hybrid environment. And also, it may be applied for the evaluation of the generic human working environment which digital and analog elements are jointly used.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.25-35
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• 1995

The objectives of this study were : 1) to investigate the socio-demographic and housing characteristics, 2) to evaluate the present conditions of residential environment, 3) and to analysis the differences of residential environmental evaluation according to the characteristics of low-income families. Questionnaire survey method were used in this study. questionnaire were administrated by 264 household of low-income families in Taejon area. Data were analyzed by SPSS PC computer package. The statistics were frequencies, percentage, t-test, F-test and Ducan's multiple range test. The major findings were as follows; low income families evaluated all of their residential environment at lower, especially the worst of all was the comfortable environment outdoor. there were significant differences in evaluation of residential environment according to the housing characteristics of low income families. The results of this study can be used as basic information for housing p;an and policy for low income families in Taejon area.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.739-753
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• 2016

This study was performed to identify the tendency and benefits of outdoor recreation in rural areas. The preferences and importance of the benefits of outdoor recreation activities in rural areas were simultaneously compared and analyzed through the discussion of a four quadrants portfolio map using importance-performance analysis. The social benefits in quadrant i had the characteristics of 'sharing nice experiences with others', 'having contact/interchange with others', 'colleagueship/helping each other', 'being together with friends', and 'making new friends.' These social benefit types were perceived as very important characteristics, but the real level of achievement was rather low. Thus it seems necessary, in the process of program development, to apply the social benefit types to the characteristics of the participants. The experience of nature and relaxation benefits in quadrant ii had the characteristics of 'relaxation and recreation', 'understanding nature', 'nature experience', 'getting away from everyday life', and 'experiencing new things.' These benefits and experience of nature were regarded as very important characteristics by the participants in outdoor recreation and, at the same time, their real achievements were highly recognized, thus they seemed to be proper types for the goals involved in developing an outdoor recreation activity program in rural areas. The personal and challenge benefits in quadrant iv had the characteristics of 'training of mental ability', 'improvement of self-esteem', 'fitness', 'increase in determination', 'possible danger', 'achievement', 'excitement', and 'adventure.' These benefits had less importance to the participants, but had relatively high achievement, thus it might be important to make further suggestions for the direction of development according to the participants' tendency, seasons and facilities.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.431-440
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• 1998

The purposes of this study were to determine the factors that influence job satisfaction for ICU nurses and to analyze group differences in job satisfaction based on the nurses' preference and perception of the work environment with an enhanced professional role. A total of 231 nurses who had been working in Intensive Care Units at least for 6 months at selected university hospitals participated in the study while head nurses or those with administrative positions were excluded. The study participants had an average of 33 months of clinical experience with an age range of 23 to 40 years. The data were analyzed by utilizing SPSSWIN and the results are as follows. 1) Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that work characteristics defined by Job characteristics theory and nurses' preference / perception of ideal work environment together explained 33% of variance in job satisfaction. Skill variety, task identity and autonomy as well as individual perception of work environment were significant variables for explaining job satisfaction. Job satisfaction was not significantly related to age, marital status, education, and clinical experience. 2) The groups classified by nurses' preference and perception of work environment were significantly different in their job satisfaction. Nurses with high preference and high perception showed significantly higher general and specific job satisfaction than other nurses. The nurses who showed high preference but perceived their work environment as not reflecting ideal job characteristics reported the lowest job satisfaction among the groups. In conclusion, the role of individual preference and perception of the work environment in explaining the relationship between the redesign of work environment and job satisfaction was supported by the study, The preferences of nurses to the innovative work characteristics should be considered in the process of enhancing job characteristics to lead job satisfaction and low turnover and ultimately to improve quality of care.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.113-124
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• 2010

This study analyzed the relationships between home environment, child characteristics and school readiness. In particular, it examined the influence of home environment and child characteristics upon children's school readiness with a focus on attitudes towards and other socio-emotional aspects. 57 children's characteristics, including such items as IQ performance and demographic variables were obtained by means of both individual testing of the child and through a questionnaire given to their parents. Relative levels of school readiness were then rated by teachers. Pearson correlations, and a multiple regression analysis were carried out using the SPSS Win 12.0 program. Our results indicated that (1) school readiness was positively related with mother's job, HOME, the ages of the children, Performance IQ, and Total IQ. (2) The level of the other's education, her job and the child's age was found to significantly predict the level of school readiness.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.131-141
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• 2010

This study is aimed to grasp the spatial characteristics exhibited in the modern housing architecture from the aspect of a geometrical manipulation, which transforms basic geometrical shapes and persue the formative diversity, to identify and verify the various characteristics of spatial structure in modern housing architecture. In this regard, this paper analyze and identify the influences of the void spaces that are created by geometrical manipulations on housing architecture, in terms of morphological and environmental aspects. Theoretical approaches define the concept of geometrical manipulation according to the characteristics of residence and examine the spatial features of void spaces. Additionally, case studies result in the classification of void spaces that are created by geometrical manipulation. Furthermore, to understand environment-friendly characteristics of the void space, the researcher elicited the factors that can affect environment friendly housing from previous studies, and analyzed their correlation between those factors and the void spaces that are classified.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.190-195
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• 2008

Aggressive behavior and the purchase of systematic marketing strategy and the marketing strategy is applied consistently integrated image management needs. However, domestic fashion brand shops selling space, the reality is reckless use of the design elements and an age, and despite a high level of sales, but consumers are not getting the environment will he provided. Teenie Winnie the characteristics of burial space and tim ENC literature, materials, research through the local environment, architectural design, the human aspect, the store environment, external components, the investigation focuses on internal components. Maketing aspects, VP, IP, PP josago to systematically on a colorful aspects of the comparative analysis would be linked up. Winnie the characteristics of burial space and tim ENC literature, materials, research through the local environment, architectural design, the human aspect, the store environment, external components, the investigation focuses on internal components. Maketing aspects, VP, IP, PP josago to systematically on a colorful aspects of the comparative analysis would be linked up. First, the design aspects of the human environment, architecture, environmental stores, external components, internal components can be divided into The brand image and concept of same-store environment of mutual relations in other stores. The interior is an important element in order to draw attention to consumer needs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.172-177
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• 1998

For making high-functional illumination environment and pleasantness to human beings, it is needed to analyze optical characteristics from lightsource as well as to analyze and examine emotional characteristics which respond to optical characteristics systematically. Also, it is Possible to classify lightsource according to function and use based on optical and emotional characteristics systematically and these results can be applied to practical data for professional illumination design field. The aim of this study is to develop technique for evaluating sensibility as well as to accumulate sensibility database through measuring and evaluating emotional reaction to optical characteristics from lightsource. Final aim of this study is to develop simulation and evaluation technique for interior illumination environment, the outline of this paper : 1) operating simulator for various illumination environment 2) developing evaluation methodology for evaluating illumination environment 3) preparing sensibility index through evaluation and analysis The process of this study is as follows. 1) Developing optical evaluation item of lightsource 2) Developing emotional evaluation item of lightsource 3). Analyzing, correlation between optical evaluation item and emotional eveluation item 4) Classifying and selecting object for evaluation 5) Optical measuring and evaluating for lightsource 6) Operating Simulator for illumination environment 7) Emontional measuring and evaluating lightsource and color 8) Developing estimative formula and sensibility index of emotional reaction The results of this study are as follows. 1. Simulator is operated for various illumination environment, and it is proved to be applicable to actual environment. 2. Evaluation and Analysis Techniques is developed for emotional measurement about illumination environment. 3. Estimative formula and sensibility index are prepared, which can estimate the characteristic of lightsource and emotional reaction to interior color

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.773-779
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• 2013

This study was performed to provide the basic data for the function of BTEX removal for compact electrostatic precipitator which are applicable to indoor environment (or closed spaces). For this purpose, the adsorption equilibrium test was conducted for BTEX of activated carbon sheet (ACS) and activated carbon (AC), and the adsorption characteristics of AC and ACS were evaluated using the Langmuir constant which was obtained from the adsorption characteristics, adsorption capacity and regression calculation. The surface area and adsorption pore volume of ACS reduced by 70% and 86%, respectively, as compared to those of AC, and the adsorption capacities of BTEX also showed a similar level. Thus, it is considered that ACS applied electrostatic precipitator is able to remove dust and BTEX simultaneously.