• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.4-29
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• 2015

This article considered generally gradational change aspect, character of community for the tombs of the Three kingdoms prepared by some certain homogenous groups. It was completed by tracing the transfering process to grasp character of social structure and organizing System in the community. For this reason, it's analyzed that Wooden chamber tomb was formed in some certain Time-Space of the Yaksadong Buk-dong archaeological site in the Three Kingdom Period. Constructed group was distinguished by the five classes. So perhaps scale of Wooden chamber and sort, material of burial relics, the top layer and the upper layer were established two status those are active the ruling class led the Wooden chamber tomb's society, the general public hold a large majority from the middle class to the lowest class. And it depends on age(nonage-adult) that differed in relation of arrangement, character. It's changed with function or roles, property, purpose etc. of social community in accordance with these individual position, age. Received signification, value of social status were considered with social worth, faith. Members in a community had been conducted under premeditated, organised system for common target, relatedness. Also it seems to attempt organization's own maintenance, persistiveness in norms that given at common law. To do that, relation for combination between members who consisted systems had to be organic. The relation for combination was considered to form relation for the much larger community in based on blood relationship that most vital part. One social structure had established family(house, household) community in based on individual blood relationship, family communities gather up to develop into relative(blood relative, same race) community gradually. Furthermore, relative(blood relative, same race) communities, that focus on the public good gather up to develop into social community in based on regionalism. It's considered to go through the Development Process of family(house, household) community - relative(blood relative, same race) community - social community.

• Archives of design research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.69-76
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• 1992

INDUSTRIAL DESIGN(1.D) has been recognized as an independent subject for 30 years 10 KOREA and 70 years in the worldwide. Though the beginning of the 1.D is extended to the commercialization of the art, history of 1.D is still 150 years, and very short compared to the those of other subject. The scientific identity of 1.D has to be established to prepare the role of 1.0 for the information society and industrial society of the 21 century. 1.D contains the essence such as integrated and $$\mu$titude character and two lineaments( Analytic science and Synthetic science-objective and subjective) 1.D has undergone confusion and fallacy in society and educational system. To develop achieve the goal of design education and to the competItIve design country in the world market, the scientific status of I.O has to be established as a integrated and independent subject. This study generally reviewed 1.0 to find the essence and scientific status of subject to determine the direction foward the next century in the view of intellectual structure and system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.137-162
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• 1996

Today diving activity and technology are indispensable for underwater technology and offshore engineering. And then diving business is still more important to business of subsea. This study surveyed the issue of diving activity in Korea as for compared foreign diving activity. This paper analyzed the status of diving business that include commercial and sport-leisure diving business and development of commercial divers in Korea. This paper reputed the object, the necessity and the character of commercial divers. For the purpose of this study is considered in order to analyze the environment of commercial divers and propose the planning for industrial diving business. Under the present circumstance in Korea this development planning study may be restricted. but the effective planning to activate Korean commercial diving business is abstracted as follows; First, establishment of new course, grade, certificate and licence test for diver is a pre-requisite factor for the successful enactment. Second, the political assistance of concerned government authority is needed. Third, establishment of Korean diving school and medical center for divers are strongly required. Forth, setting up the department of diving activity in university.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.6257-6264
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to identify the influencing factors and the relationships between the learning ability and stress according to the character type in nursing college students. A total of 209 subjects were selected by convenient sampling. The data was collected using a self-reported questionnaire from November 2 to 20, 2012. The differences in the character type, learning ability and stress according to the general characteristics were as follows. The character type was significantly different according to grade (F=6.551, p<.036). In addition, the learning ability was significantly different according to the grade (F=7.059, p<.001), religion (F=4.651, p<.001), school record (F=7.667, p<.001), economic status (F=7.700, p<.000) and methods of reducing stress (F=2.531, p<.030). Stress was significantly different according to the grade (F=7.414, p<.001), school record (F=4.776, p<.009) and cohabitation (F=9.989, p<.000). A negative correlation was observed between the character type and learning ability, and between learning ability and stress. 8.4% of the variance was observed in character type A, which was explained by the learning ability and stress. These findings may be useful for understanding the learning ability of nursing college students and developing more specific programs regarding personality and stress control.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.103-114
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• 2010

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the status and associated factors of mental health on girls' high school students. Methods: The participants were 446 academic girls' high school students and 240 vocational girls' high school students of the 1st graders in Busan. The data were collected from April 28, 2009 to May 30, 2009. Survey was developed in the form of self-report five-point likert scale(1-5) using Lees Instrument of mental health(1986) that revised from Derogatis et al's Symptom Check List-90(1976). The higher score of this scale means worse status of mental health. Result: The score of mental health of subjects was low and the mean was $1.69{\pm}.50.$ The depression mean was the highest among mental health sub-variables. The mental health of the vocational girls' high school students was worse than the academics. As for subjects in mental health by their various characteristics, there are significant by school type(p<0.001), economic status(p<0.001), father's job(p<0.001), parent's marrital status(p<0.001), cognitive health status(p<0.001), record(p<0.05), character(p<0.001), satisfaction of life(p<0.001), needs for help on mental health(p<0.001). Conclusion: The intervention program needs to improve mental health of vocational high school girls' students as well as academic high school girls' students, and need to establish depression relieving nursing intervention program for girls' high school students.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.1-9
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• 2009

In virtual environments, such as computer game and animation, we need to enhance naturalness of crowd simulation. So, we propose a method to generate dynamically moving crowd patterns by applying emotional factors to the individual characters of a crowd in the determination of their behavior. The proposed method mimics human behavior and controls each character in a group to decide its own path according to its individual status. And it is able to generate various moving patterns as a result of letting the individuals go to another group depending upon their conditions. In this paper, some temperament and feeling factors are defined and determination rules for calculating the emotional status are also proposed. Moreover we use a fuzzy theory for accurate representation of the ambiguous expressions such as feeling bad, feeling good and so on. Our experiments show that the suggested method can simulate virtual crowd in more natural and diverse ways.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.78-86
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• 2021

Personal space is an invisible space around people and plays an important role in human communication. Individual spaces are known to change according to gender and relationships in communication between people. This study examines whether such personal space exists between characters on a metabus. Gender participants took up short personal space, and female participants found that on the Metabus, they changed their personal space according to their intimacy or gender with other people's characters rather than their own. Male participants are thought to change their personal space according to their personality in case of reason in Metabus. From this, it is thought that the participant continues to have physicality, just as the meta-bus actually has a body. Female participants found that in Metabuses, as in the real world, gender between characters has a similar short personal space, rather than gender, and intimacy between characters. In the case of male participants, it was shown that the closeness between the characters was similar to that of the personal space, but the gender of other characters did not change the personal space. Future validation of personal space for metabus characters requires comparison of shapes of individual spaces and cultures, such as individual characteristics, such as introduction and extroversion of individual space, and experiments of gender. In this experiment, the number of female experiment participants is strongly required in future experiments, as compared with male experiment participants, and the need for various cultural experiments is also required.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.309-314
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• 2021

Disney animation can be said to be part of American culture and art. With the changes in American society and culture, we can see the changes in the personality and social status of female characters in Disney animation. Especially in the Disney animation works published after 2000, many works showing equality in the social abilities and status of women and men have been published. In this study, the characteristics of female characters of the 20th century and the 21st century is compared and analyzed the characters of Elsa and Anna, who expressed the female image in a metaphorical way of 'Frozen 2'. And studied the characteristics and meanings of clothing and colorful shapes. This paper reveals the design elements needed to construct a gender-equality image of female characters, and hopes that it will become a useful research material for the animation industry and academia in the future.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.97-108
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• 2024

Purpose : In this study, we aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nursing students' adjustment to college life by focusing on their empathic ability, perceived stress, and resilience. Methods : We applied a descriptive survey research design, which included a self-report questionnaire. The participants comprised 307 nursing students in B city. The data were analyzed by calculating the percentages, means, standard deviations, t-tests, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression using SPSS 23.0. Results : The participants' empathic ability score was 3.30±.42, perceived stress score 1.85±.49, resilience score 3.44±.64, and adjustment to college life score 3.25±.52. Adjustment to college life was positively correlated with resilience (r=.43, p<.001) but negatively correlated with perceived stress (r=.27, p<.001). Factors affecting adjustment to college life include, among general characteristics in Model 1, in descending order, major satisfaction-satisfied (β=.54, p<.001), interpersonal conflict: never (β=.26, p=.018), health status: healthy (β=.25, p=.002), character: positive (β=.21, p=.006), character: optimistic (β=.19, p=.015), parents' economic power: high (β=.15, p=.047), and gender: male (β=.11, p=.016). Model 1 was statistically significant (F=11.67, p<.001), and the explanatory power was 41 %. In Model 2, empathic ability, perceived stress, and resilience were added as independent variables. When including the dependent variables, the factors that most influenced adjustment to college life were perceived stress (β=-.37, p<.001), major satisfaction-satisfied (β=.36, p<.001), health status-healthy (β=.25, p<.001), gender-male (β=.10, p=.015), and resilience (β=.10, p=.029). Model 2 was statistically significant (F=17.65, p<.001), and the explanatory power was 56 %. Conclusion : We found that gender, major satisfaction, health status, perceived stress, and resilience affected adjustment to college life among nursing students who had experienced the COVID-19 pandemic. To increase their ability to adjust to college life, a gender-specific intervention program should be developed that can improve the students' health status, major satisfaction and resilience, and reduce their perceived stress.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.149-179
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• 2012

This study explores the reporting tendencies of project managers when sending a status reports to their respective senior managers in information systems development project. It also examines the effect of selective reporting on report quality and systems development performance. The research model is proposed based on literature survey as well as key points from Iacovou et al. [2009] which is an extension of selective reporting in information systems project. Analysis of responses from 257 project managers in information systems industry indicates that pessimistic reporting by project managers has negative effect on both report quality (mediator variable) and systems development performance, while optimistic reporting has no significant effect on systems development performance. The CEO interest has an impact on the senior manager's power, which in turn leads to optimistic reporting by project managers. The senior manager's character has an impact on the senior manager's leadership, which in turn leads to pessimistic reporting. No direct relationship exists either between CEO interest and optimistic reporting or between senior manager's character and pessimistic reporting. In addition, trust toward the senior managers is significantly related to pessimistic reporting. Finally, report tendencies are also found to be affected by the active/passive characteristics of project managers.