• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.40-44
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• 2010

opportunistic spectrum access (OSA) allows unlicensed users to share licensed spectrum in space and time with no or little interference to primary users, with bring new research challenges in MAC design. We propose a cognitive MAC protocol using statistical channel information and selecting appropriate idle channel for transmission. The protocol based on the CSMA/CA, exploits statistics of spectrum usage for decision making on channel access. Idle channel availability, spectrum hole sufficiency and available channel condition will be included in algorithm statistical information. The model include the control channel and data channel, the transmitter negotiates with receiver on transmission parameters through control channel, statistical decision results (successful rate of transmission) from exchanged transmission parameters of control channel should pass the threshold and decide the data transmission with spectrum hole on data channel. A dynamical sensing range as a important parameter introduced to maintain the our protocol performance. The proposed protocol's simulation will show that proposed protocol does improve the throughput performance via traditional opportunistic spectrum access MAC protocol.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.1172-1177
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• 2008

채널 선택용 필터의 전압오차를 보정하기 위해 전류비교 방식의 전압안정화 회로를 설계하였다. 제안된 전류비교 방식의 전압안정화 회로는 부속회로를 첨가 할 필요가 없어 칩 면적을 최소화 할 수 있고 저전압 저전력용 채널 선택용 필터 설계에 매우 유용하다. 제안된 안정화 회로의 응용 회로로써 블루투스 통신 시스템 채널을 포함한 3개의 통신채널을 이용하였다. $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS 공정파라메터를 사용하여 HSPICE 시뮬레이션 한 결과, 제안된 안정화 회로는 3개의 통신 채널에서 각각 $12{\mu}s$, $13{\mu}s$, $15{\mu}s$이내에서 동작할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.41-53
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• 1999

Fashion marketing channels experience conflicts inevitably because of constant interaction among fabric producers, apparel manufacturers, contractors, and retailers. However, it is rarely that attempts has been made to identify causes of conflicts in distribution channel of fashion industry. The purpose of this study was to explore causes of conflicts from the standpoint of a contractor. For this study, data were collected from the owner or the manager represented with a contractor in fashion maketing channels. By means of in-depth interviews with multiple informants, their statement was analyzed qualitatively. From analysis of the resulting data, the causes of conflict were associated with two broad sets, attitudinal and structural differences between apparel manufacturers and contractors. First, attitudinal sources of conflict were identified as perception of subordinated relationships between channel members, delayed announcement on order changes, difficulties in communication by using different terms, different expectations between channel members in controlling product quality, and lack of credit in inspecting products. Second, structural sources of conflict involved unilateral decision on wages for contracting, lengthy payment period derived from a bill of credit, deficient autonomy in selecting auxiliary suppliers, unreasonable issues on lead time, and unfair transaction in selecting a contractor or inspecting finished products. There are limitations on generalization due to the results based on interviews, but this study will be a useful exploratory step before designing a large scale survey.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 관광의 상품적 특성을 고려하여 관광옴니채널의 구매단계에 대한 실증분석을 통한 이론적 실무적 시사점을 제공하자 함이다. 연구의 절차 및 방법은 이론적 연구에 의거하여 가설 설정하며 설문조사를 통한 실증분석을 하는 것이다. 연구분석 결과로서 1) 구매단계에서의 관광옴니채널의 선택요인과 만족도간에는 긍정적 영향관계가 있으며, 2) 관광객의 옴니채널에 대한 만족도가 높을수록 관광상품에 대한 구매의도는 높아지며, 3) 관광옴니채널 선택요인(편의성, 신뢰성)과 만족도간의 관계에 대하여 관광경험은 정(+)의 조절 역할을 하며, 4) 관광옴니채널 선택요인(신뢰성)과 만족도간의 관계에서 재무적 위험은 부(-)의 조절 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이상과 같은 실증분석결과는 편의성과 경험을 중시하는 일반적인 옴니채널의 지식체계를 관광분야로 확장시켰다는 점에서 본 연구의 의의를 가질 수 있겠다. 향후는 관광옴니채널이 발달함에 따라 보다 다양한 변수와 설문체계가 적용된 분석이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2009년도 정보 및 제어 심포지움 논문집
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• pp.284-286
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• 2009

In this paper, we consider a cognitive radio system operating as secondary user. It uses an empty channel that is not currently used by primary users having the license to the channel. In the previous works, secondary user looks for an empty channel by choosing any channel in order or randomly and by sensing the channel to distinguish whether primary users are using. But if primary user is fixed type, we will find an empty channel faster than the mentioned channel selecting methods by using a method considering prior information about cases that primary user used the channel, since it is possible to analogize the channel access possibility of primary user according to regular time and position. Therefore, we propose a channel searching method based on the channel list for the purpose of reducing the channel searching time and improving throughput of secondary users. Firstly, we determine a weighting value of each channel based on the history of channel activities of primary users. This value is added to current channel state buffer and we search an empty channel from channel with smallest value to one with the biggest value. Finally, we compare the performances of the proposed method with those of the sequential channel searching and the random channel searching methods in terms of the average channel searching time and the average number of transmissions of secondary user.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권4C호
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• pp.185-190
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• 2005

IS-95와 IMT-2000 시스템에서 사용되고 있는 여러 종류의 길쌈 부호기를 부호율 1/2, 구속장 3인 길쌈 부호기로 한정하여, 비터비 복호기에 복호길이 6인 Sliding-Window와 Neural Network의 LVQ(Learning Vector Quantization)및 PVSL(Prototype Vectors Selecting Logic)을 적용하여 순방향 실시간 복호기를 구현한다. 이론적으로 제한된 AWGN 채널환경에서의 심볼 전송전력 $S/(N_{0}/2)=1$을 성능비교 조건으로 하여 순방향 실시간 복호기와 기존의 비터비 복호기의 $강\cdot연판정$ BER 성능과 하드웨어 구성을 $비교\cdot분석$하여, 본 논문에서 제시된 순방향 실시간 복호기의 BER 성능의 우수성과 비화통신의 장점 및 하드웨어 구성의 단순합을 검증하였다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.163-174
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• 2008

Performance of downlink transmission strategies exploiting cooperative transmit diversity is investigated for distributed multiple-input single-output (MISO) systems, for which geographically distributed remote antennas (RA) in a cell can either communicate with distinct mobile stations (MS) or cooperate for a common MS. Statistical characteristics in terms of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and the achievable capacity are analyzed for both cooperative and non-cooperative transmission schemes, and the preferred mode of operation for given channel conditions is presented using the analysis result. In particular, we determine an exact amount of the maximum achievable gain in capacity when RAs for signal transmission are selected based on the instantaneous channel condition, by deriving a general expression for the SINR of such antenna selection based transmission. For important special cases of selecting a single RA for non-cooperative transmission and selecting two RAs for cooperative transmission among three RAs surrounding the MS, closed-form formulas are presented for the SINR and capacity distributions.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제32권12A호
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• pp.1251-1259
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• 2007

A scheme for selecting the mode with the maximum system capacity is proposed for cooperative relaying. Three possible modes are presented based on decode-and-forward relaying, and the time required by each mode is evaluated. Based on these results, a method is then developed for selecting the optimal mode with the minimum time duration (or maximum channel capacity). Computer simulations confirm that the optimal mode outperforms the other modes.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.685-689
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• 2009

플래시 메모리는 전력 소비가 적고 처리속도가 빨라 임베디드 시스템의 저장 매체로서 많은 연구가 이루어져왔다. 특히, 최근에는 플래시메모리로 구성된 반도체 디스크(Solid state disk, SSD)가 하드디스크를 점점 대체하고 있는 추세이다. 현재 SSD는 성능을 높이기 위해서 병렬성을 이용한 다중채널과 다중웨이를 사용하고 있다. 이 구조에서는 연속된 여러 개의 블록들로 구성된 슈퍼블록단위로 플래시 메모리에 기록하게 된다. 본 논문은 병렬처리를 최적화하기 위해 SSD의 버퍼를 비울 때 희생 슈퍼블록을 선정하고 재구성하는 방법을 제안하고 있다. 실험을 통해서 희생 슈퍼블록 선정 방법을 바꾸는 것으로 슈퍼블록단위의 쓰기 횟수를 35% 줄일 수 있고, 슈퍼블록 구성 방법을 달리하여 9%를 추가적으로 더 줄일 수 있었다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.273-276
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• 2010

Opportunistic spectrum access (OSA) allows unlicensed users to share licensed spectrum in space and time with no or little interference to primary users, with bring new research challenges in MAC design. We propose a cognitive MAC protocol using statistical channel information and selecting appropriate idle channel for transmission. The protocol based on the CSMA/CA, exploits statistics of spectrum usage for decision making on channel access. Idle channel availability, spectrum hole sufficiency and available channel condition will be included in algorithm statistical information. The model include the control channel and data channel, the transmitter negotiates with receiver on transmission parameters through control channel, statistical decision results (successful rate of transmission) from exchanged transmission parameters of control channel should pass the threshold and decide the data transmission with spectrum hole on data channel. The proposed protocol's simulation will show that proposed protocol does improve the throughput performance via traditional opportunistic spectrum access MAC protocol.