• Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.3227-3238
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• 2018

This study attempts to investigate the trajectories of socio-economic deprivation on the depression trajectories among middle-aged individuals using a latent growth model over the last five years. Using the Korea welfare panel study data ranged from the year 2013 (8th wave) to the year 2017 (12th wave), a sample of 7,437 aged over 40 was selected. Three hypothesis was proposed as follows. Is the trajectory of depression changing over the years? Are the initial values of socio-economic deprivation causally related to the initial values of depression? Are the rates of change in socio-economic deprivation causally related to the rates of change in depression? Results showed that the growth curve of depression tended to decline negatively over the five-year period. As the intial values of socio-economic deprivation increased, so did the initial values of depression move upwards. Finally, as the changes of socio-economic deprivation tended to get larger, those changes of depression also accordingly increased as well. The public policy implications based on the current study were discussed to pay more attention to those middle-aged individuals suffering from socio-economic deprivations.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.263-285
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the business model, growth process, and success factors of the successful super app Gojek in the Southeast Asian and Indonesian markets. Gojek's business model analysis focused on the business canvas (9 blocks) that many companies have used to establish business models. Gojek's growth process was analyzed based on timeline. Gojek 1.0 is from the start of the ride hailing service. Gojek 2.0 is a leap forward into a life-friendly platform. Gojek 3.0 is a process of expanding and diversifying domestic and foreign businesses. Gojek 4.0 is a stage of changing to GoTo through mergers with Tokopedia, and setting a higher leap forward. Based on this, the success factors of Gojek are ① Hyperlocalization ② First mobile ③ A company that is loved through mission execution ④ Provide financial inclusion ⑤ Business expansion and diversification through mergers and acquisitions and partnerships ⑥ Entry into overseas markets ⑦ Attracting various partners and investment ⑧ Lock-in effect and hyperpersonalization. The implications obtained through this study and the limitations and direction of the study were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.245-253
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• 2009

For the growth optimization of InAs/GaSb (8/8-ML) strained-layer superlattice (SLS), the structure has been grown under various conditions and modes and characterized by the high-resolution x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. In this study, the strain modulation is induced by changing parameters and modes, such as the growth temperature, the ratio of V/III beam-equivalent-pressure (BEP), and the growth interruption (GI), and the strain variation is analyzed by measuring the angle separation of 0th-order satellite peak in XRD patterns. The XRD results reveal that the growth temperature and the V/III(Sb/Ga) ratio are major parameters to change the crystallineity and the strain modulation in SLS structures, respectively. We have observed that the SLS samples with compressive strain prepared in this study are show a transition to tensile strain with decreasing V/III(Sb/Ga) ratio, and the GI process is a sensitive factor giving rise to strain modulation. These results obtained in this study suggest that optimized growth temperature and V/III(Sb/Ga) ratio are $350^{\circ}C$ and 20, respectively, and the appropriate GI time is approximately 3 seconds just before InAs growth that the crystallineity is maximized and the strain relaxation is minimized.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.348-356
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to identify latent classes in changes of mothers' daily life stress over six years from multicultural families and to test its relationship with early adolescents' perceived neglecting parental attitudes and their academic achievements. For achieving this purpose, as the study sample 1,039 students were gathered from the 4th grade of elementary school to 3rd grade of middle school, using Growth Mixture Modeling, Multiple Group Analysis, and One-way ANOVA. The results were as follows. First, latent classes of mothers' daily life stress were categorized into three types: high-stable trajectory, moderate-changing trajectory, and low-changing trajectory. Second, these three types showed different characteristics in early adolescents' perceived neglecting parental attitudes and academic achievements. Third, early adolescents' perceived neglecting parental attitude were not significant determinants of the latent classes while academic achievements were. The findings of this study may provide a framework for understanding the relationships among mothers' daily life stress and early adolescents' perceived neglecting parental attitudes and their academic achievements in multicultural families and practical implications for providing social support to overcome daily life stress of mothers in multicultural families.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.17-26
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• 2004

Those of the growth of e-business, the development of the cultural creative industry, the contents and knowledge industry have expanded and diversified the existing business models and created new ones. They are triggering new interpretations and discussions on business models. Such of changing business environment has paved the way for the expansion of design management within the design industry and opened new windows of opportunity for the traditionally small and non-specialized design business. Until now, the design business has not been distinguished from design industry or design service, and has not been viewed as an independent field. Rather, the design business has merely been part of a process. As such, the lack of dear definition and structured system had been a bottleneck for many design companies trying to achieve capital and social success and establish the foundation for growth and for companies striving to advance the design management in developing design business models or growth strategy in line with the changing environment. Against these sort of backdrops, this paper attempts to dearly define the design business. To this end, the paper tries to developed a design business model framework which classifies design business model into four types - customized, ready-made, provider and contract - according to the business activities between the producer and the end user, and business items into product, additional sonics, knowledge and promotion. The framework will expand the definition of design business and contribute to the expansion of design business activities and the development of diverse business models.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.235-240
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• 2021

Currently, the number of visitors to Oreum is increasing and the trend of tourism is changing rapidly. The motivation for visiting Oreum is also changing from relaxation and pleasure to experiences. In line with this change, people visit the mountain by selecting motivation such as marriage and family photos, not just exercise. However, it is difficult to search for an Oreum that matches the tourists' motivation. In order to solve these problems, we proposed a system that provides the association between Oreum and concept based on the number of search results from web search engines in real time. User can select the desired date to check the associations for past or selected periods and concepts. Through this research, visitors to Oreum, Jeju's natural heritage, can contribute to the development of tourism in Jeju. In the future, the concept of visiting beaches or seas, not just Jeju Oreum, can be provided. In this work, search results from websites are collected, stored in a database, and search results of Oreum and concept are provided on the homepage to classify Oreum trends.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.273-280
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify groups depending on the four years of changing trajectories in self-efficacy and its relationship with life satisfaction and interpersonal competence of adults with disabilities who were aged above 25. The 1st to 4th year of the second wave from Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled (PSED) was used to identify the groups and explore their relationship with life satisfaction and interpersonal competence through growth mixture modeling. The results identified three latent classes according to changing trajectories in self-efficacy: a 'high level-increasing group', an 'average level-increasing group', and a 'low level-stable group'. These three groups showed different characteristics in life satisfaction and interpersonal competence. For example, life satisfaction for groups decreased from the 'high level-increasing group' to the 'low level-stable group' and interpersonal competence increased in both 'high level-increasing group' and 'average level-increasing group', whereas it was stabilized in the 'low level-stable group'. These findings suggest that the life satisfaction and interpersonal competence of adults with disabilities are associated with their self-efficacy.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.209-218
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• 2012

Recently, as reinforced water quality standards for wastewater has been announced, more efficient and more powerful wastewater treatment processes are required rather than the existing activated sludge process. In order to meet this demands, we evaluate Task 1-4 about lab scale $A_{2}O$　process using biofilm media. Task 1, 2, and 3 use 'Module A' which has 4 partitions (Anoxic/Anerobic/Oxic/Oxic). Task 4 uses 'Module B' which has 2 partitions including a denitrification reactor with an Inclined plug flow reactor (IPFR) and a nitrification reactor with biofilm media. The denitrification reactor of Module B is designed to be upward flow using IPFR. The result of evaluating at each Task has shown that attached growth system has better capacity of removal efficiency for organic matter and nitrogen with the exception of phosphorus.　Task 4 which has the most outstanding removal efficiency has 90.5% of $BOD_{5}$ removal efficiency, 97.8% of ${NH_4}^{+}-N$ removal efficiency, 65% of T-N removal efficiency and 92% of T-P removal efficiency with additional chemical phosphorus removal system operated at HRT 9hr, Qi:Qir 1:2, and BOD/T-N ratio 2.7.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.199-211
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• 2013

Glasses industry has great growth potential from the future-oriented perspective in Korea. In consideration of the fact that the ratio of aging population increases in this aging society, people have more and more interest in health. Also, their recognition on the cycle to change glasses is changing, and the utility of them as fashion items is increasing day by day, it is expected that the demand for glasses will be even more extended afterwards. Of course, presently it suffers from the gap between cheaper items and expensive ones provided by overseas prominent brands due to the bi-polarization of the market. However, they are pursuing the 2nd growth as export-leading items in the past through international glass exhibitions based on knowhow accumulated for a long time. Therefore, this study aims to examine the current status of glasses design industry in Korea reflecting the actual situations we have now and also understand the problems and limitations internalized in our glass design industry through the research process. As a result, the study has drawn the following conclusions. This paper intends to point out first, the phenomenon of bi-polarization of the glass market in Korea. Second, unequal distribution by region centering around Daegu. Third, the limitations of brand identity. Fourth, the limitations of information, planning, and marketing power. Fifth, passive conduction of international events and their insufficient effects. This study concludes that all these problems can be solved through 'planning and design, and marketing power'.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.130-136
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• 2020

There are many problems that occur currently in agriculture industries. The problems such as unexpected of changing weather condition, lack of labor, dry soil were some of the reasons that may cause the growth of the plants. Condition of the weather in local area is inconsistent due to the global warming effect thus affecting the production of the crops. Furthermore, the loss of farm labor to urban manufacturing jobs is also the problem in this industry. Besides, the condition for the plant like air humidity, air temperature, air quality index, and soil moisture are not being recorded automatically which is more reason for the need of implementation system to monitor the data for future research and development of agriculture industry. As of this, we aim to provide a solution by developing IoT-based platform along with the irrigation for increasing crop quality and productivity in agriculture field. We aim to develop a smart garden system environment which the system is able to auto-monitoring the humidity and temperature of surroundings, air quality and soil moisture. The system also has the capability of automating the irrigation process by analyzing the moisture of soil and the climate condition (like raining). Besides, we aim to develop user-friendly system interface to monitor the data collected from the respective sensor. We adopt an open source hardware to implementation and evaluate this research.