• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.301-304
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• 2006

The insistence of rights and interests in contract is being generalized by opening in construction market which is following F.T.A, internationally. Conditions of contract in construction have different specialities compared with other industries. Different conditions of contract should be established because of a specific character that is different from each construction, such as work, environment, circumference conditions. Although the order of Turn-key is being expanded by increasing construction scale and demanding hybrid function, the suitable regulations of contract are not settled. As a result, various factors of claim is occurring in Change Order-Claim, because they just obey a part of guide-line. This study suggests useful solutions in detail concerned with the main factor of Change Order-Claim by each D/B phases through practical sorting and analysis of the causes of Change Order-Claim.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.776-786
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• 2016

This study intends to suggest production process of circular knitted jackets and dimensional change data of finished clothes after washing. the study provides pattern design method of circular knitted jackets by applying dimensional change. By doing so, the purpose of this study is to increase production efficiency through accurate order in consideration of loss amount of the fabrics in production. With the three fabric materials selected, this study investigated dimensional change of circular knitted jackets after sewing and washing by varying the parts to be attached to padding cloth and with or without inner lining. As for the fabric F-C (including the spandex, thicker and weightier than the other two fabrics), front width shrunk by 4.6%, which showed the biggest shrinkage among the jackets made of test fabrics. Then it suggested design methods of circular knitted jacket patterns to which dimensional change is applied according to materials, and analyzed the amount of fabric required for production by comparison of the materials. When using the fabric F-C without inner lining, there is big dimensional change and more than double amount of fabric is required. It is expected that the research results will be a basic data for pattern design and production process of circular knitted clothing.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.281-290
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• 2017

As various stakeholders are involved in construction projects, disputes between the parties are more likely to occur, which is a very important issue for the participants in the projects. Claims in construction projects, however, are very complex and thus difficult to manage. In particular, as the cause of a claim in the preceding stage that has not been resolved in a timely manner has an effect on the cause of a claim in the following stage, it is difficult to find a point of compromise regarding a claim caused by the relationship between the causes that occur in the preceding and following stages. In this regard, this study sought to examine the rules for the generation of change order claims, which occur most frequently among the construction claims, and thus to select the key management targets through the analysis of the relationship between the causes of claims arising in the preceding and following stages for the efficient management of claims. It is expected that the use of rules for the generation of change order claims as well as of representative and similar cases will help the construction practitioners in judging claims, considering the relationships among the causes of the claims. Meanwhile, in this study, association analysis was conducted regarding the causes of the occurrence of change order claims in a design-build delivery method, and therefore, it is necessary to verify the effectiveness of the method when applied to other delivery methods.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.74-82
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• 2010

A government agency has been announced to increase 23,663 hundred million wons by cost of design change which occurred in the pre-construction and construction phase. As design change is a phenomenon to occur by means of a characteristic of the building design that standardization is difficult, even if it is said that a perfect design is done in design phase, design change is prevented, and it is going to decrease, and there is a limit. Because there are some causes in all of the construction project, it is change order of client, relative system, unfit design and field condition, etc. In this study, we are suggested logic and basic model of the decision making support process model that it should selecting the optimal alternative through complex and quantitative analyzed: that is cost, performance and constructability as respect Owner or CMr is executing project under the CM delivery system construction project which it occurred design change.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.230-238
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• 2011

Consumers' expenditure is getting larger on children due to their parents' compensation for increase of double-income family life and decrease of birth rate caused by high economic growth. Increase of demand on children items in the market leads the necessity of development of furniture for children. This study is aimed to design children chairs that meet the environment for children. In this study, the age of children is defined to be 5~7 years old. In order to investigate what causes environment change, this study covers roughly change of environment, change of learning program and use of environment-friendly material. In such scope, we drew out the factors that the chairs for children shall be equipped with. Case studies were done through such drawn factors. The scope of the furniture for children is limited to the chairs for children among the ones made in either Korea or overseas. As a result, we could draw out such keyword of the furniture as storage, mobility, environment-friendly, object style image, preferred color, functionality and safety, based on which we could plan the design and make the final result through high frequency round molding manufacturing process.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.203-211
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• 2009

Korean public owners who order public multi-family housing construction projects have yet to gain access to a model for predicting construction cost. For this reason, their construction cost prediction is mainly dependent upon historic data and experience. In this paper, a cost-prediction model based on Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) in the design phase of public multi-family housing construction projects was developed. The developed model can determine the total construction cost by estimating the different Building, Civil, Mechanical, Electronic and Telecommunication, and Landscaping work costs. Model validation showed an accuracy of 97.56%, confirming the model's excellent viability. The developed model can thus be used to predict the construction cost to be shouldered by public owners before the design is completed. Moreover, any change orders during the design phase can be immediately applied to the model, and various construction costs by design alternative can be verified using this model. Therefore, it is expected that public owners can exercise effective design management by using the developed cost prediction model. The use of such an effective cost prediction model can enable the owners to accurately determine in advance the construction cost and prevent increase or decrease in cost arising from the design changes in the design phase, such as change order. The model can also prevent the untoward increase in the duration of the design phase as it can effectively control unnecessary change orders.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.39-45
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• 2021

Purpose: This study is designed to investigate the extent and nature of climate change disclosure of listed pharmaceutical companies of Bangladesh. Research design, data and methodology: In order to perform this research, a content analysis methodology is used. A climate change disclosure index is constructed to examine 12 different climate change disclosure issues. Information is collected from the annual reports of 29 pharmaceutical companies listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange for the year 2019. Results: This study finds that only 48.28% of the sample companies provided disclosure on at least one issue regarding climate change. 'Energy savings' is the mostly disclosed issue whereas 'Pollution control expenditure', 'Biodiversity conservation initiatives' are the least disclosed issues. Research implication: This study concludes 64.29% of the companies examined, use less than five sentences for climate change disclosure, which depicts unsatisfactory disclosure practices regarding climate change issues. Study findings would be helpful for different industries of Bangladesh to implement efficient climate change reporting Practice. Future studies can be conducted on other industries to obtain more comprehensive result.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1064-1075
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to grasp the change of modern space concept and analyze how to adopt and embody the change in modern fashion. The study researched wearer's costume space and analyzed space shown in supermodern fashion design by classifying it into response to non-space, allowance of wearer-based space, scientific space of architectural skill and embodiment of space image. As a study method, literature and study material of sociology, anthropology, fashion sociology and design field were referred. For picture data of supermodern fashion work, specialized book, designer, brand collection material and internet site pictures were collected and analyzed. The study result shows the following features of fashion design space embodiment corresponding to the change of supermodern environment. First, supermodern design secures closet space like pocket for portable objects and uses design space in order to provide the space for convenience of movement. Second, supermodern design creates wearer-based independent space in order to secure person's physical and mental stability in city environment. Third, supermodern design uses space scientifically from the aspect of detail and shape by applying space of architectural skill to space. Fourth, supermodern design shows aesthetic feature that embodies interpretation of space by conceptualizing space image and using fashion.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.491-496
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• 2010

The direct design modification of problematic component is disallowed in order to sacrifice other major factors such as a stability or a major performance. So, the best design policy is to risvise the immature structural medchanism under the minimal design change as soon as possible. For this paper presents a new design sensitivity analysis based on transmissibility rtio (TR) of response acceleration to find a proper candidate for the minimal design modification. The new sensitivity analysis is based on the fact that the sensitivity of TR over a small design change is inversly proportinal to the magnitude of TR. The theory of proposed design sensitivity analysis is simulated with the variance of TR over a dynamic change. Then, new methodology is appplied for a linear elastic specimen to detect the most sensitive node over a design change using measured accleration data during uni-axial vibration test, The physical verification of the sensitivity method is conducted on the CAE model of a linear elastic specimen by adding concentration mass and the vibration fatigue of the simple specimen is analyzed to estimate the relationship between fatigue behaviors and sensitivity consequences.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 2014

This study was conducted to analyze the recognition of the validity of the design changes that classified the type of design changes that occurred in the Apartment Complex Landscaping Planting Construction that have been ordered in 'A' work. This research was also carried out for the purpose of presentation of the basic data in order to effectively manage the change order of landscape-planting construction's future work. The following conclusions were derived. First, the 7 types of change orders in planting design were delineated as 'design changes for image improvement', 'design changes due to the mismatch of design statement', 'design changes due to lack of field study', 'design changes for consideration of the user', 'design changes due to consideration of the workability', 'the design changes for ease of maintenance', and the 'design changes due to the relationship with the Engineering species of other.' Second, it is possible to produce a negative impact of all construction costs have increased due to design changes of landscaping planting construction is grasped. Third, There were the most frequent change order in planting design for the 'image improving', 'due to the mismatch of planting design to the site situation.' Fourth, the results of confirmatory targeting professional landscaping areas, was found that the statistics of the type of change landscaping planting construction design seven derived in this study is valid.