• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1998

한국산 담수 패류에서 새인두홉충의 제1중간숙주를 밝히기 위해 경상북도 의성군 소재 가음지에 서 Lyrimaeidae과에 속하는 두 종류의 담수패류 물달팽이 (Ranix auiculiaria coreana) 및 애기물 달팽이 (Awpopeplea ollula)를 채집하여 조사하였다. 물달팽이 1.273개 중 12개에서 새인두흡충 유미유충이 유출되었다. 새인두흡충 유미유충은 brevifurcate이고, clinostomatoid 하였으며, 투명 한 dorsalan, 체전단에 잘 발달된 침입기구, 그리고 체중1부에 한쌍의 안점을 가지곤 있었다. 몸의 크기는 $119-147{\;}{\times}{\;}33-36{\mu\textrm{m}}$였고, tailstem은 $275-370{\;}{\times}{\;}19-26{\;}{\mu\textrm{m}}$, 그리고 furcae는 $72-104{\;}{\mu\textrm{m}}$였다. 새인두흡충 유충에 감염된 물달팽이를 파각하여 redia를 확인하였으며, 그 크기는 $527-1,630{\;}{\times}{\;}121-368{\;}{\mu\textrm{m}}$였고, 안에 10-45개의 germ ball과 다양한 발육상태의 유미유충을 가지고 있었다. 새인두흡충 유미유충을 실험적으로 감염시킨 참붕어에서 얻은 피낭유충은 자연 감염 에 의한 피낭유충과 동일한 형태학적 특징을 나타내었다.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2001

The present study examines the potential involvement of Biomphalaria glabrata, a known molluscan intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni, in the life cycle of Echinostoma cinetorchis, one of the echinostomes that are ubiquitous parasites of vertebrates and are of importance in human and veterinary medicine and wildlife diseases. Echinostomes can be maintained easily and inexpensively in the laboratory and provide good models for biological research ranging from the molecular to the organismal. In the present study, no echinostome cercariae were released from the B. glabrata experimentally infected with E. cinetorchis miracidia, whereas all the Biomphalaria snails infected with E. cinetorchis cercariae were found to be infected with the metacercariae. This is the first report that B. glabrata can experimentally serve as the second intermediate host of E. cinetorchis, and that it might be employed as one of the target molluscs for establishing a biological research model with E. cinetorchis in the laboratory.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.343-346
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• 2010

The prevalence of the cercarial stage of an intestinal trematode, Haplorchis taichui, in thiarid snails (Gastropoda: Thiaridae) was investigated using light microscope and species-specific PCR procedures. A total of 988 snails were collected from Mae Taeng district, Chiang Mai province, northern Thailand, which comprised of 3 species; Melanoides tuberculata, Tarebia granifera, and Thiara scabra. The overall prevalence of pleurolophocercous cercariae was 21.7% as determined by the morphology. For genetic detection of H. taichui infection in snails, 2 primers Hapt_F (5'-GGCCAACGCAATCGTCATCC-3') and Hapt_R (5'-GCGTCGGGTTTCAGACATGG-3'), were used. The genomic DNA of H. taichui, which was used as a positive control, gave an amplification of the 256 bp fragment. The overall prevalence of H. taichui from specific PCR was 9.7%. The proportion of H. taichui among the pleurolophocercous cercariae in this study was 44.9%.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.247-253
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• 2001

Three freshwater snail species of the family Lymnaeidae have been reported from Korea, Radix auricularia coreana, Austropeplea ollula and Fossaria truncatula. Out of 3 lymnaeid snail species, A. ollula was naturally infected with the Echinostoma cinetorchis cercariae (infection rate : 0.7%). In the experiments with the laboratory-bred snails, F. truncatula as well as A. ollula was also susceptible to the E. cinetorchis miracidia with infection rates of 25% and 40%, respectively. All of three lymnaeid snail species exposed to the E. cinetorchis cercariae were infected with the E. cinetorchis metacercariae. It is evident that A. ollula acts as the first molluscan intermediate host of E. cinetorchis in Korea, and F. truncatula may be a possible candidate for the first intermediate host of this intestinal fluke. Also, three lymnaeid snail species targeted were experimentally infected with E. cinetorchis metacercariae.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.147-154
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• 1995

A new haplosplanchnid cercaria, Cercaria kuwaitae VI sp. n., was found in the prosobranch snail Cerithidea cincingulata in the Kuwait Bay Details are presented on the morphology and behavior of the cercaria and the encystment process. The new cercaria is a biocellate, distome, with a prominent single sac-like intestinal cecum extending well posterior to the ventral sucker and develops in simple sporocysts. It differs from known haplosplanchnid cercariae in the absence of finger-like processes on the tail, and the presence of V-shaped excretory vesicle extending beyond ventral sucker and the presence of cervical glands. The surface topography of the cercaria and its sporocyst is examined by scanning electron microscopy. This is the first haplosplanchnid cercaria to be described from a Cerithidea species.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.157-166
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• 1983

In an attempt to clarify the epidemiological feature of C. sinensis in Mangyeong riverside area, the prevalence of clonorchiasis, infestation rate of the cercariae in Parafossarulus manchouricus, and detection rate of the metacercariae in fresh-water fishes were investigated from March 1 to September 30, 1983 at the upper, middle and lower reaches of the river. The results obtained were summarized as follows : 1. Detection rate of C. sinensis egg among inhabitants was 8.2% out of a total of 1,266 personsr, but the differences in detection rates were not statistically significant among upper, middle and lower reaches. According to sect, the detection rates were 10.3% in male and 6.1% in female (p<0.05), but by age groups, increases of the rates were observed as increase in age (p<0.05). 2. Out of a total of 380 fresh-water fishes of 32 different species, 93 fishes (25%) of 12 species were found positive with Clonorchis metacercariae, and there were differences in infection rates of the metacercariae among the fishes in 3 parts of the river; 11% in upper, 35% in middle, and 34% in lower reaches respectively. The metacercarial detection rates from various fishes were 97% in Pseudorasbora larva, Cultriculus eigenmanni (85%) , Gnathepogon strigatus (67%), Microphysogobio yaluensis (50%), Gnathopogon coreanus (47%), Pungtungia hergi (44%), Abbotting riwularis (40%), Moroco oxycephalus (33%), Coreoleuciscus splendidus (32%), Gnathepogon majimap (26%), Rhodeus ocellatus (7%), and Aphyocypris chinensis (3%) respectively. 3. Although very few p. manchouricus were collected at upper reach, 12 snails (0.7%) among a total of 1,713 were found infected with Clonorchis cercariae. Also the cercariae of Echinochasmup iapenicus (7.99%), Lexogenes liberum (0.99%), Cyathocotyle orientalis (0.75%), Esorchis oviformis (0.23%) and Asymphylodora japonica (0.05%) were detected from the snails.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the life history, morphology, and maturation of larval stages and adult worms of Fasciola gigantica in experimental mice. Lymnaea auricularia rubiginosa was used as the intermediate host, and Oryza sativa was used for encystment of the metacercariae, while Mus musculus was used as the definitive host for maturation study. Fresh eggs from the gall bladder of water buffaloes fully developed into embryonated ones and hatched out at days 11-12 after incubation at about $29^{\circ}C$. Free-swimming miracidia rapidly penetrated into the snail host, and gradually developed into the next larval stages; sporocyst, redia, and daughter redia with cercariae. Fully-developed cercariae were separated from the redia and shed from the snails on day 39 post-infection (PI). Free-swimming cercariae were immediately allowed to adhere to rice plants, and capsules were constructed to protect metacercariae on rice plants. Juvenile worms were detected in intestines of mice at days 3 and 6 PI, but they were found in the bile duct from day 9 PI. Juvenile and adult flukes were recovered from 16 mice experimentally infected with metacercariae, with the average recovery rate of 35.8%. Sexually mature adult flukes were recovered from day 42 PI. It could be confirmed that experimentally encysted metacercariae could infect and develop to maturity in the experimental host. The present study reports for the first time the complete life history of F. gigantica by an experimental study in Thailand. The obtained information can be used as a guide for prevention, elimination, and treatment of F. gigantica at environment and in other hosts.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.147-160
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• 1973

The present experiments proposed to pass judgement upon the suitability as the second intermediate host of Clonorchis sinensis, of three kinds of fresh-water fish by having them infected with the cercaria of Clonorchis sinensis and then observing the penetrating ability of the cercaria, and maturity, the process of degeneration and extinction, and infectivity of the metacercaria of Clonorchis sinensis. The following is a brief summary of the leading facts gained through the experiments; 1. P. parva was easily subject to invasion of the cercaria, A. signifer was much less subject to the invasion, and finally A. asmussi was hard to invade. And the infectivity of the cercariae was in proportion to their penetrating ability mentioned in the above. 2. The examination of the cercariae after having three kinds of fresh-water fish infected with them disclosed that 24 hours after the infection, all of the cercariae formed their cysts in muscle and the metacercariae kept growing, and that 7 days later the metacercariae were found folding their bodies twice, and that in 15 days the characteristic structure of the metacercariae was complete and they made a vigorous rotary movement intermittently. 3. Then the metacercariae came to a state of maturity and beyond this stage some metacercariae in P. parva started the process of degeneration and extinction in 133 days; some in A. asmussi, in 140 days; and A. signifer, in 70 days. As more days elapsed, their degeneration and extinction increased in number, and in 269 days all of them in A. signifer became dead while those in A. asmussi were all dead in 460 days. However almost all of them in P. parva survived even after 770 days. The results shown above revealed that P. parva was the most suitable as the second intermediate host among three kinds of fresh-water fish and that A. signifer and A. asmussi were not quite recommendable as the second intermediate host. The ability of the cercaria to invade fresh-water fish, and life span of the metacercaria within fresh-water fish vary outstandingly according to species of fresh-water fish. An explanation as to the mechanism must wait as the subject to be further pursued.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.179-188
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• 1988

실험실내에서 충란 및 제 1중간숙주와 제 2중간숙주내에서 F. seoulensis 유충의 발육과정을 관찰하고 자연 상태에서의 생활사를 연구하고자 하였다. 충란을 $^{\circ}C$ 물에서 배양한 제 9일에 miracidium이 난개를 열고 나왔다. Miracidium은 원통 세장형으로 2쌍의 Blame cell과 측방돌기가 있었고 epidermal plate의 배열식은 6,9,4및 3이었다. Hippeutis (Helicorbis) cantori 패류에서는 실험감염 후 제13일에 furcocercous cercaria가 유출되었으나 Physa acute에서는 cercaria가 유출되지 않았다. 논에서 채집한 H. cantori에서는 같은 형태의 furcocercous cercaria가 유출되었다. Cercaria에는 2쌍의 침입선과 5쌍의 화염세포가 있었다. 참개구리의 을챙이(Rana nigromaculnta)는 cercaria 실험감염에 대하여 감수성이 있었으며 채집된 참개구리의 올챙이들은 F. seoulensis의 피낭유충에 자연감염되어 있었다. 실험감염 후 올챙이에서 피낭유충은 21일 이내에 종숙주에 대하여 감염능력을 갖게 되었다. 대부분의 피낭유충은 올챙이의 체강내에서 피낭을 형성하지 않고 있었으며 쥐의 소장에서 7일만에 성충이 되었다. 본 연구를 통하여 F. seoulensis의 모든 생활사가 밝혀지게 되었으며 또 실험실내에서 전 생활사를 완료시킬 수 있다는 것을 알게 되었다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.647-651
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to determine the presence and prevalence of larval stages of Dicrocoelium dendriticum and Brachylaima sp. in the first intermediate host, a species of land snail, Helix aspersa, in Turkey. A total of 211 snails were collected in April-May 2014 from pastures in Mersin District. Larval stages of D. dendriticum were identified under a light microscope. Hepatopancreas from naturally infected H. aspersa snails were examined histologically. The prevalence of larval stages of D. dendriticum and Brachylaima sp. in H. aspersa snails was found to be 2.4% and 1.9%, respectively, in Mersin, Turkey. Cercariae were not matured in sporocysts at the beginning of April; however, it was observed that cercariae matured and started to leave sporocysts by early-May. Thus, it was concluded that H. aspersa acts as an intermediate host to D. dendriticumin and Brachylaima sp. in Mersin, Turkey. A digenean trematode Brachylaima sp. was seen for the first time in Turkey.