• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.95-107
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• 1994

This study was performed to identify the effect of constant direct current and to give us methods which can be applied easily in clinic. Six rabbits was used at this experiment. After each animal was fractured at left fibula, divided into experimental group(n=3) and central group(n=3). Experiment duration of electrical stimulation on experimental rabbits was 35 days. Direct current from fifteen microampere to twenty microampere was passed continously through the placed electrode between fracture area and thigh. Negative electrode was placed at fracture area and positive at thigh. Roentgenography was used to observe bone-healing progression wet three times-at 15days, 25days and 35days after electrical stimulation. The results obtained are as followings: 1. Both experimental group and control group do not obtain callus formation on the first roentgenography(15 days after ES). 2. On the second roentgenography(25 days after ES), experimental group achieves above $70\%$ on fracture-healing, but control group achieves about $20-30\%$ on fracture healing. 3. On the third roentgenegraphy(35 nays after ES), experimental group achieves above $85-95\%$ on fracture healing and control group achieves about $60-70\%$ of bone union. Thus, statistically significance(independent t-test) was occured ie the second and third roentgenography between experimental group and control group.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.107-112
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• 2010

The majority of strokes are caused by ischemia and result in brain tissue damage, leading to problems of the central nervous system including hemiparesis, dysfunction of language and consciousness, and dysfunction of perception. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase(PARP) on necrosis in neuronal cells that have undergone needle electrode electrical stimulation(NEES) prior to induction of ischemia. Ischemia was induced in male SD rats(body weight 300g) by occlusion of the common carotid artery for 5 min, after which the blood was reperfused. After induction of brain ischemia, NEES was applied to Zusanli(ST 36), at 12, 24 and 48 hours. Protein expression was investigated using immuno-reactive cells, which react to PARP antibodies in cerebral nerve cells, and Western blotting. The results were as follows: In the cerebral cortex, the number of PARP reactive cells after 24 hours significantly decreased(p<.05) in the NEES group compared to the GI group. PARP expression after 24 hours significantly decreased(p<.05) in the NEES group compared to the GI group. As a result, NEES showed the greatest effect on necrosis-related PARP immuno-reactive cells 24 hours after ischemia, indicating necrosis inhibition, blocking of neural cell death, and protection of neural cells. Based on the results of this study, NEES can be an effective method of treating dysfunction and improving function of neuronal cells in brain damage caused by ischemia.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.110-114
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• 2001

2차 광상 성인에 의해서 형성된 미고결 역질층내에 배태되고 있는 금 광상이 분포하는 인도네시아 중부 칼리만탄의 타카오이 지역의 천부 지질정보 획득 및 탐사자료 특성 파악을 목적으로 물리탐사를 수행하였다. 사용된 물리 탐사법은 전기비저항탐사로서, 1999년 10월 15일부터 10월 27일 까지 수행하였다. 쌍극자 탐사는 전극간격 a=3m, 5m, 전극 전개수 n=10으로 5개 측선에 대하여, 수직탐사는 6개 지점에서 수행하였다. 취득된 자료들은 DIPRO와 SOUNDPRO 프로그램을 이용하여 처리$\cdot$해석하였다 자료해석 결과, 조사지역의 층서는 비교적 수평 층으로 분류할 수 있으며, 수직비저항 탐사자료 형태는 중간지층의 비저항 간이 높은 KH형을 보여주고 있다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2001년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.503-506
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• 2001

심전도 감시장치(electro-cardiography monitoring system)에 대한 연구는 국내외적으로 활발하게 이루어지고 있으나, 국내의 경우 환자 상태를 감시하는데 있어 중요한 요소인 호흡(respiration)에 관한 연구는 다소 미흡한 민이 있었다. 이번 연구는 환자의 상태를 감시하는데 있어 심전도, 혈압(brood pressure), 체온(temperature)과 더불어 중요한 요소로 여겨지는 호흡에 대한 감시장치로, 호흡 시 신체의 임피던스 변화를 이용하여 시스템을 구현함으로써, 심전도 측정과 병행하여 사용할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 특히, 임피던스를 이용한 환자감시장치의 경우 중추신경 마비 둥의 원인에 의한 무호흡 감지에 효과적으로 응급실 등에서 유용하게 사용된다. 구현된 시스템은 아날로그 부와 디지털 부의 잡음간섭 린 환자의 안전을 도모하기 위해 회로를 전기적으로 분리하여 설계하였다. 아날로그 부의 구성은 고주파 신호를 발생하는 정현파 발생부, 반송파로부터 인체의 임피던스 변화성분을 추출하고 증폭하는 증폭부, 기저대역으로 변환하기 위한 복조 및 아날로그 필터부로 구성되어 있다. 디지털 부는 아날로그-디지탈 변환기 및 디지털 필터, 생체정보 추출부로 구성되어있다. 본 연구에서 구현된 시스템은 심전도 감시장치의 전극을 공용으로 사용할 수 있도록 구성되었으며, 호흡 감시장치에 대한 기반기술 획득을 통해 다기능환자감시장치의 개발에 바로 응용 될 수 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.403-411
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• 1990

The present investigation was performed to see a possible influence of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) on pancreatic exocrine secretion in anesthetized rats since the DRN had been known to exert a regulatory mechanism on sympathetic activity which was known to be very important for pancreatic exocrine secretion, particularly in rats. Twenty-nine Sprague-Dawley rats fasted for 24 hours were anesthetized by i.p. injection of 1 g/kg of urethane. The pancreatic duct was cannulated to collect pancreatic juice while bile juice was diverted into the jejunum. The duodenopyloric junction was tightly ligated. After surgery for collection of pancreatic exocrine secretion and recording of carotid blood pressure, a coaxial electrode was stereotaxically inserted in the DRN with a guide of a brain atlas. And then, electrical stimulus of biphasic square wave with 2 v, 2 msec, 40 Hz was applied on the electrode for 10 minutes. Pancreatic volume flow and protein output secreted in 10 min were measured. Either bilateral cervical vagotomy or spinal cord transection at the level of $C4{\sim}C5$ was performed 20 min prior to stimulation of the DRN. 1) Electrical stimulation of the DRN resulted in significant (p<0.05) increase in pancreatic volume flow and protein output. These stimulatory effects were not affected by cervical vagotomy but completely abolished by cervical cord transection. 2) Electrical stimulation of the DRN also resulted in significant (p<0.05) rise of blood pressure of the carotid artery. The hypertensive effect was not affected by cervical vagotomy but completely abolished by cervical cord transection. The results strongly suggest that the DRN, a part of the central serotonergic system, could exert a stimulatory influence on pancreatic exocrine secretion by increasing the sympathetic activity in anesthetized rats.

• 센서학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.194-198
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• 2023

With the recent development of industrial technology, the problem of odor due to leakage of toxic gas discharged from industrial complexes is gradually increasing. Among them, hydrogen sulfide is a colorless representative odorous substance that can cause pain through irritation of the mucous membranes of the eyes and respiratory tract, and is a gas that can cause central nervous system paralysis and suffocation when exposed to high concentrations. Therefore, in order to improve the odor problem, research on a gas sensor capable of quickly and reliably detecting a leak of hydrogen sulfide is being actively conducted. A lot of research has been done on the existing metal oxide-based hydrogen sulfide gas sensor, but it has the disadvantage of requiring low selectivity and high temperature operating conditions. Therefore, in this study, a Pt/CNT-based electrochemical hydrogen sulfide gas sensor capable of detecting at low temperatures with high selectivity for hydrogen sulfide was developed. A working electrode capable of selectively detecting only hydrogen sulfide was fabricated by synthesizing Pt nanoparticles as a catalyst on functionalized CNT and applied to an electrochemical hydrogen sulfide gas sensor. It was confirmed that the manufactured Pt/CNT-based electrochemical hydrogen sulfide gas sensor has a current change of up to 100uA for hydrogen sulfide, and the both response time and recovery time were within 15 seconds.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.313-322
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• 2010

The aim of this research was to apply experimental design methodology to optimization of conditions of electrochemical oxidation of Rhodamine B (RhB) and N, N-Dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline (RNO, indicative of the OH radical). The reactions of electrochemical oxidation of RhB degradation were mathematically described as a function of the parameters of current ($X_1$), NaCl dosage ($X_2$) and pH ($X_3$) and modeled by the use of the central composite design. The application of response surface methodology (RSM) yielded the following regression equation, which is an empirical relationship between the removal efficiency of RhB and RNO and test variables in a coded unit: RhB removal efficiency (%) = $94.21+7.02X_1+10.94X_2-16.06X_3+3.70X_1X_3+9.05X_2X_3-{3.46X_1}^2-{4.67X_2}^2-{7.09X_3}^2$; RNO removal efficiency (%) = $54.78+13.33X_1+14.93X_2- 16.90X_3$. The model predictions agreed well with the experimentally observed result. Graphical response surface and contour plots were used to locate the optimum point. The estimated ridge of maximum response and optimal conditions for the RhB degradation using canonical analysis was 100.0%(current, 0.80 A; NaCl dosage, 2.97% and pH 6.37).

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2017

2013년 환경 정책 개정에 따라 총유기탄소(TOC)항목이 수질 및 수생태계 보전에 관한 법률에 도입되었으며, 이러한 정책 시행에 따라 공공하수처리시설에서의 TOC에 대한 수질관리의 필요성이 대두되었다. 본 연구는 실험실 규모 전기분해공정에서 전기화학적 반응을 이용하여 하수방류수 내 TOC 제거특성을 살펴보았다. 실험실 규모의 전기분해공정에서의 실험 결과를 반응표면법에 적용하여 방류수 내 TOC 제거 특성분석을 실시하였다. 중심합성에 사용된 독립변수로는 전해공정의 주요 운전인자인 전극간격($x_1$), 전류밀도($x_2$), 전해질의 농도($x_3$)를 선정하였으며, 종속변수로는 TOC 제거효율(y)이다. 전해공정에서 최적화 조건은 전극간격 50mm, 전류밀도 $10.3mA/cm^2$, 전해질의 농도 0.1M로 조사되었다. 통계학적 결과를 바탕으로 독립변수는 전극간격 > 전류밀도 > 전해질농도의 순으로 작아지는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2004년도 Asia Display / IMID 04
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• pp.471-474
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• 2004

We investigated field emission (FE) characteristics of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) grown on all over patterned cathode electrode lines (CL pattern) and grown on along the central areas of the cathode lines(CL pattern). The CNTs grown on the SL pattern showed a lower threshold voltage and higher emission current than those on the CL pattern, due to the concentration of electric fields at the edges of the cathode lines. For the SL-patterned CNTs, however, the FE gradually spread out to the neighbors with time, and was instantly extinguished in some area and then slowly resumed again. Such areal- spread FE did not occur for the CL-patterned sample, leading to the stable FE together with the instant turn-on capability. It is suggested that the spread FE and instability for the SL-patterned CNTs may be related to the electrical charging on the insulator surface around the cathode line edges.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.116-122
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• 2012

As an effort to address the chronic capacity fading of Si anodes and thus achieve their robust cycling performance, herein, we develop a unique electrode in which silicon nanoparticles are embedded in the carbon nanotubes network. Utilizing robust contacts between silicon nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes, the composite electrodes exhibit excellent electrochemical performance : 95.5% capacity retention after 140 cycles as well as rate capability such that at the C-rate increase from 0.1C to 1C to 10C, the specific capacities of 850, 698, and 312 mAh/g are obtained, respectively. The present investigation suggests a useful design principle for silicon as well as other high capacity alloying electrodes that undergo large volume expansions during battery operations.